i was speaking this week with one of cambridge university's foremost experts on this gordon doogan who is a vaccine ologist is an award winning vaccine on the just and he has brought to the clinical coalface a number of vaccines over the course of his career and i asked him this very question last week and said with a fair wind behind it what's his most optimistic projection he said to me he's thinking realistically probably 2120 in 2021 june so it might be as long as 9 months to go yet the government themselves have said that we might see some vaccine available before christmas on a small scale basis this might be just part of a trial or whatever but really to scale this up to get it to the number of people who need it and do it in a safe way is still going to take quite a bit of time so that's why i think the projection of june 2021 is not unreasonable pressure given government a lot of caught in the. valor of the questions a boat vaccine but asking in the case a lot of there are 450 people dying from cancer these day prior to the pandemic quite of the predictions for the power to or

i was speaking this week with one of cambridge universities foremost experts on this gordon doogan who is a vaccine ologist is an award winning vax knowledge ist and he has brought to the clinical coalface a number of vaccines over the course of his career and i asked him this very question last week and said with a fair wind behind it what's the most optimistic projection he said to me he's thinking realistically probably 2120 in 2021 june so it might be as long as 9 months to go yet the government themselves have said that we might see some vaccine available before christmas on a small scale basis this might be just part of a trial or whatever but really to scale this up to get it to the number of people who need it and do it in a. if way is still going to take quite a bit of time so that's why i think the projection of june 2021 is not unreasonable pressure government a lot of caught in the tear and valor written questions are both vaccine but asking in the case a lot of there are 450 people dying from cancer these day prior to the pandemic quote of the predictions for more power to

advise on how treatments are progressing for the deadly condition from the world of reality cambridge universities dr chris messed can tell us how close we are to securing a vaccine to offer an escape route out of this nightmare and from the world the public health profession how replying to the new president of the pm me and former chief medical officer of scotland p. discusses with alex whether the virus can be brought back under control through tighter public health measures from your questions we will seek to draw the lessons across the u.k. and internationally.

advise on how treatments are progressing for the deadly condition from the world of reality cambridge university's dr chris most can tell us how close we are to securing a vaccine to offer an escape route out of this nightmare and from the world of public health professor how do you find the new president of the b m e and former chief medical officer of scotland who discusses with alex whether the virus can be brought back under control through public health measures from your questions we will seek to draw the lessons across the u.k. and internationally but 1st let's look at the reviews of last week's show our sister janet and bunged i was 1st to hear from the infamous and he says fascinating program what a fantastic artist jed it is great to hear about how scottish talent hoopy make more like this especially independent supporting artists and says i love the interview with jerry brown she's a great artist alan the card says great show thank you cereal bar this larry says thoroughly enjoyed the program could have watched it longer thank you fig kennedy says nothing more poignant than the flag and

scientists at cambridge university have developed a faster way of testing drugs to fight covid. which allows them to watch the virus as it attacks. richard westcott reports. starting with human cells in a petri dish. this cambridge team has developed a new, quicker way of finding drugs to tackle covid. first they separate the outer layer or membrane of the cells because that is the bit the virus attacks first. then a unique device comes in. normally when you test drugs on cells, you have to wait for the results to come back. you look at the aftermath of what has happened. by putting them on this microchip here, this team is able to see what is going on in real time, as it is happening. the chip monitors electrical activity. wait for it. this spike tells us when the cell gets attacked by the virus. the spikes mean the virus has successfully breached the cell's defences and got inside. by putting different drugs on the cells they can see which ones keep the virus out. you can also watch these attacks happening under the microscope. when you see these flashes of light, you are seei

of intensive care unit at university college london and dr chris smith for all the just i'd cambridge university. so we'll have a lot of questions about immunity and scott want to know how many people have a complete immunity to disease so the complete easy don't know we don't know what community mean at the community does exist and to say it does exist i'm quite certain that this where how complete it is how long it lasts i don't know and we do know that the current a virus does mount a significant immune response your body just defend itself and it does that in a couple of ways it makes these chemicals good antibodies which are proteins that jumps to the vowel sound and help your body attack that cell so if you want my guess my guess is that you do get some degree of affected immunity but quite at what level of antibodies you need and how long you see last i don't know the christmas j.t. us just the direct question that has been alluded to after contracting covered 19 are we have mutant of the seas lots of people want to go that's of that question if you get it once can we get again you allude

based on work started at cambridge university — a company has become the first in the world to make single. here s oui’ science correspondent richard westcott. everyone in this lab is full of plastic. well, their lab coats are, anyway. a lot of our clothes are full of tiny little balls that have got fragrance inside. it's what makes them smell so nice. now, normally, they're made of plastic, which washes into the environment and stays there for decades. what if you could make them out of something that's better for the planet? like peas? this is the first company in the world to engineer plant protein into a material that does the same job as single—use plastic. things like the micro capsules you'd often get inside fabric conditioners or cosmetics. at the moment the micro capsules contain plastic which would not degrade and last for ages in the ocean. our capsules were made out of protein which would be eaten by fish eventually. it's taken 15 years to perfect the process. here, they're using peas, but you can use other common plants, including potatoes. eventually, it comes out as a liquid

becoming crystal clear a new report published in the online journal public health nutrition from cambridge university finds that the coca-cola company paid $1500000.00 to a nonprofit organization called the global energy balance network or g e b n claiming to study obesity with scientists from west virginia university and the university of colorado between 20142015 the nonprofit investigative research group u.s. right to know teamed up with researchers from oxford university and analyzed more than 18000 e-mails between coca-cola officials and g.e. b.n. researchers they found that coke created the g.b.n. as a quote unquote friend to essentially downplay the role sugar plays in control of eating to obesity and instead blaming a lack of exercise not a bad diet or sugar for america's obesity epidemic. the report claims that coca-cola use several tactics and strategies to try and basically water down the links between sugary drinks and obesity. among them trying to obscure coax relationship with researchers minimize the public perception of its role and use these researchers to promote industry friendly m

well now there's some good news, based on work started at cambridge university — a company has becomeing that won t damage the planet. peas. here s our science correspondent richard westcott. everyone in this lab is full of plastic. well, their lab coats are, anyway. a lot of our clothes are full of tiny little balls that have got fragrance inside. it's what makes them smell so nice. now, normally, they're made of plastic, which washes into the environment and stays there for decades. what if you could make them out of something that's better for the planet? like peas? this is the first company in the world to engineer plant protein into a material that does the same job as single—use plastic. things like the micro capsules that you'd often get inside fabric conditioners or cosmetics. at the moment, the micro capsules contain plastic which would not degrade and last for ages in the ocean. our capsules were made of protein and would be eaten by fish eventually. it's taken 15 years to perfect the process. here, they're using peas, but you can use other common plants, including potatoes.

the one exception to that was a professor from cambridge university in the uk, this gentleman by theme of stephan helper, it's now been revealed, unfortunately, he was part of what's known as spy gate where government operatives were looking to survey out and be part of this spying operation against the trump campaign, unfortunately. along the lines of have you met them i wasn't really meeting with anyone with the exception of this one guy who i thought was a potentially goodhearted person heart in the right place and little did i know he was a high paid government operative hired during the obama /biden administration to spy on the trump campaign are the operations of the campaign at that time. >> it just adds to the perception of the absurdity that you would be some high-level russian spy working for the trump campaign with trump who was a russian spy and you've never met the man you've never spoken to him on the phone never emailed him nothing. >> yes. >> also, i wondered, as of december when the horowitz report came out, there was never any doubt, even if people have some doubt t

candidate himself, but basically everyone i knew and so the one exception to that was a professor cambridge university in the uk, the gentleman named hall pert and has been revealed he was part of what is known as spygate, where government operatives were looking to surveil and be part of this spying operation against the trump campaign unfortunately, and so along the lines of -- well, have you met them? i wasn't really meeting with anyone with the exception of this one guy who i thought was a good potentially -- good hearted person with his heart never right place and little did i know he was high paid government operative, hired by the -- during the obama-biden administration to spy on at the trump campaign and the operations of the campaign at that time. >> justed ad to the per second of the absurdity you we be a he level spy in the trump campaign and never mat the man and never spoken to him on the phone, never e-mailed him or anything. >> yes. >> also, i wonder, as of december when the horwitz report came out, december 2019, there was never any doubt, even if people had some doubt, that improper

so the one exception to that was a professor from cambridge university in the uk. this judgment by the name of stephan, he has now been revealed. unfortunately he was part of what is known as spy gate, where government operatives were looking to surveilled and be part of the spying operation against the trump campaign, unfortunately. and so, along the lines of well have you met them? so it wasn't really meeting with anyone with the exception of this one guy who i thought was potentially a goodhearted person with his heart in the right place. little did i know that he was a high paid government operative hired during the obama/biden administration to spy on the trump campaign or the operation for the campaign at that time. >> host: the perception of the absurdity that you'd be some high level russian spy working for the trump campaign with trump who was a russian spy in their view. and you have never met the man. i think you said you've never spoken to him on the phone, never e-mailed him, nothing. >> guest: yes. soon the horwitz report came out in 2019, there was n

. >> the pad you probably right now has rare minerals facebook a cambridge university last year a youngwoman who had a fairly hostile question and she read on her iphone and i read plied if she's that concerned she might want to get rid of her iphone because of the minerals. we need them and we should be mining them here in the united states because now we mine in a more environmentally protective manner than any other place in the world nowhere else are they following standards and rules that we have in place in the united states. there is this attitude of not in my backyard for extraction and mining in the us and that's below the worst environmental decisions people can make because we do in a much cleaner fashion following the rules and standards. >> to add to his question the more i rely on the tablet and less on the piece of paper the more energy i am using and they say software eats the world more rely on the electronics so that increases not just greenhouse gas emissions but also challenge the energy infrastructure with the outdated power grids and what role does epa play to help

i spoke at cambridge university. a woman who had a hostile question for me, she read it on her iphone and i pointed out, i responded to her question, if she's concerned about the environment she might get rid of her iphone. we need them and should be mining them in the united states because we mine in a more environmentally protective manner than anywhere else in the world. you look at other countries mining these rare earth minerals, the environmental guideline standards rules in place in the united states so there is a nimby attitude as far as extracting and mining in the us and that is i think one of the worst environmental decisions people can make. .. because we do in a much cleaner fashion following the rules and standards. >> to add to his question the more i rely on the tablet and less on the piece of paper the more energy i am using and they say software eats the world more rely on the electronics so that increases what role is epa playing in helping to ensure that our energy infrastructure is modern and eff

chadwick worked at the world famous cavendish laboratory at cambridge university in england. and the head of this laboratory was the so-called father of experimental nuclear physics. this was the new zealand or, earnest rutherford, we see in this next slide as a young man. young earnest rutherford. he had probably fully identified alpha beta gamma radiation. he had fund for proton and with the dales needles bore, which we've seen this side, sitting to the right with rutherford next to him. the two of them had worked out a model of atomic structure, which we have in the next slide. a model of atomic structure where tiny negative re-charged electrons orbited a positively charged nucleus. and a contemporary famously compare this vision of the nucleus within the adam to that of a fly within a cathedral. now rutherford, who in his career with train 12 nobel laureates, he had long suspected the existence of the neutron but he had delegated the work to chadwick. and prompted by some results published by the french has been a wife team, we see it in this fight here. the daughter of m

i had a young woman at cambridge university who said a fairly hostile question to me and she read it on her iphone. i pointed out that if she was that concerned about the environment, she might want to get rid of her iphone because of the precious metals. we need them. we mine in a more environ to -- environmentally protected manner then anywhere else in the world. if you look at these other countries, they are not following the guidelines and standards in the united states. attitude as far as extraction and mining in the u.s.. of the worst environmental decisions people can make. we do it in a much cleaner fashion and we follow rules and standards that no one else in the world has. >> the more overlay on this tablet and the less i rely on this piece of paper, more energy i will be using. eating the world, the more we rely on these electronics, that will increase not just our greenhouse gas emissions but it will challenge our existing energy infrastructure, our outdated power grid. what role is the epa playing in helping to ensure that our energy infrastructure is modern and efficien

now, a spin—out company from cambridge university, xampla, has become the first in the world to makent, richard westcott. everyone in this laboratory is full of plastic, where there lime coats are anyway. many clothes are full of tiny little balls with fragments inside, making them is not so nice and normally they are made of plastic which washes into the environment and stays there for decades. what if you could make them out of something better for the planet? like peas? this is the first company in the world to engineer plant protein into a material that does the samejob as into a material that does the same job as single—use plastic. things like the micro capsules you often get inside a fabric conditioners or cosmetics. at the moment the micro capsules contain plastic which will not degrade and last for ages in the ocean. our capsules are made out of protein which would be eaten by fish eventually. made out of protein which would be eaten by fish eventuallym has taken 15 years to perfect the process. here, they are using peas but you can use other common plants, including potatoe

i spoke with one of their a managing also director at cambridge university's endowment, saying this year>> as horrible as covid-19 has been, it has actually presented us with an opportunity in that we have moved the entire program online. by moving it online, we are able to reach some anymore girls across the u.k. and it has been really interesting to see the connection we are getting in parts of the country we would never have been able to get to. i don't think there is a lack of talent. i think there is a need to get them in the door first. dani: that last part she referred to was in response to makeking her, what do you of the wells fargo ceo's comments that there is not enough talent in the pipeline to promote them? she obviously agreed with that vehemently, saying there is bias against women and there are myths around the money-management industry -- that you need a lot of typically sort of male attributes. part of their work is to dispel these myths and she is confident they can make a difference. matt: thanks very much. dani burger talking about the pipeline. that is it for the eu

i spoke with one of the cofounders who is managing director at the cambridge in -- university endowment was optimistic about the work she is doing and said this year presented a unique opportunity to not just reach more women, but reach a diversity of women. here's what she had to say. >> as horrible as covid-19 has has actually presented us with a strange opportunity in that we've moved the entire program online, and by moving it online, we are able to reach so many more girls outside of the n25 and across the u.k. and it has been interesting to see the connection we are getting from parts of the country that we would never have been able to reach to face-to-face talks. i don't think there is a lack of talent. i think we need to get them through the door first. dani: those last comments were a response to when i asked what the wells fargo saying there was not enough talent in the ranks. shebe humanly disagree -- vehemently disagreed. manus: one could argue it is a narrow funnel of universities that speed the financial the financialed industry and perhaps we need to go backwards to move

asia," weaybreak talked to cambridge university about the movement of dirty money around the world. julius baer head of asia research is with us next. ♪ >> welcome to "bloomberg daybreak: asia." >> asia's major markets have just open for trade. declines after wall street edge back from a correction and europe fell sharply. global stocks and a full day of decline the longest losing streak in several months. global banks face a stormy session amid claims of suspicious financial dealings monday after the report exchanges fell in london. bytedance would retain overall control in the tiktok oracle deal and president trump now saying he could change his mind about approval. shery: japan on holiday. south korea and australia coming online. let's get a check the markets. inhie: checking on the open sydney, to extend losses for fourth straight session. holding below 76. the aussie dollar holding up to day decline against that greenback and the three are yelled pushing below 25 basis points ahead of the rba deputy governor's speech later this morning. ahead of that we have a note from goldman

that is with our experts, virologist chris smith from the university of cambridge and dr bharat pankhaniahe hashtag #bbcyourquestions or email them using yourquestions@bbc.co.uk president trump has contradicted one of his top health officials by predicting that an effective coronavirus vaccine could be ready for mass distribution in the united states within weeks. mr trump claimed the head of the centers for disease control and prevention, robert redfield, was mistaken or confused when he told congress that a safe vaccine wasn't likely to be rolled out widely until mid—2021. the democratic presidential candidate, joe biden, has accused mr trump of manipulating the issue for electoral gain. our washington correspondent, nomia iqbal, has this report. president trump says, when it comes to a vaccine, he's ready. we are ready to go, as soon as the vaccine happens. reporter: when do you want to see it available? what would be a timeline? we will start distributing it immediately. to the general public? to the general public very shortly. i mean, really, to the general public immediately. when

thank you professor kenny armstrong of the university of cambridge.n dealing with this virus is to co nsta ntly bala nce a in dealing with this virus is to constantly balance a range of factors to reduce the risk of harm on wives and indeed livelihoods. and we are in a much better place now than we were earlier in the year. you have a strong and robust database you have a strong and robust data base and an you have a strong and robust database and an effective track and trace system. and that gives us all a level of certainty and knowledge about how this virus is operating. it enables us to have confidence in identifying future patterns and trends. and i want to commend all those public health workers who are delivering that very important service which frankly, is the envy of many other countries. we had the opportunity now to push down on this rising curve of infection and we must take that opportunity. we all know that we are facing into the difficult autumn and winter months which traditionally if the pressure is in our health services and i were

international survey that was done on the ground in barrus it was done by a number of universities harvard cambridge and so on and you know all the data online and talks about trust and government and right trust and the government's response and in some places to distrust is high is 80 percent right and when you look at those countries just not something that happened overnight with with the epidemic but it certainly probably was exacerbated by the right and i guess also the fact that you have sometimes perhaps leaders and politicians casting doubt on the information provided by scientists doesn't help i guess the scientists establish and gain trust from the public i'll come back to that in just a moment let me let me just bring back guy beijing into the conversation guy you talked about the bad actors and there are plenty of them of course who want to exploit this crisis for economic and even play. medical gain but what are the main causes of misinformation that we should be most worried about is it you know the tide coming from political operatives or perhaps social media algorithms unregulated m

ros: but research from the university of cambridge says nose and throat swabs may miss 30% to 50% ofections, as you can have the virus but not be present in your parts of nose and throat where the swab can reach. antibody tests might be better. 'heres one of the authors of the report, saying we still do not have a gold standar test for diagnosing covid-19. the main types of tests have limitations, but we have shown if you combine themt and carry th at the point of care, their reliability can be hugely increased. and thene have saliva tests, as mentioned, beginning trial the u.k.. these can be administered at home. and wiley -- ann wiley has dereloped a test thaived authorization in the u.s., and she has been telling me how it works. >> all we do is collect a very simple saliva sample, so a very simple plastic tube, to pull saliva into the mouth, and collect a that inube. then we can test for it. very easy to do. ros: sounds easier than tests currently being done. is it yombion that ts could replace all the primary other tests? >> it's not. i am not looking to replace all the tests. i

correspondent helen catt we can speak now to catherine barnard, professor of eu law at the university of cambridgemight do —— are you? what seems to have spooked the uk government is the threat by the eu that the uk will not appear on an approved list of third country providers on what are called sps products. if you look on the eu's website, there are a large number of countries that have been approved, which range from countries with might expect, like australia and new zealand, such tarmac and those you might not expect, like afghanistan. ifthe uk might not expect, like afghanistan. if the uk didn't move on some of theissues if the uk didn't move on some of the issues future regulation ship —— relationship, the uk would not appear on this list and that is crucial for the northern ireland border. if we weren't on the approved list, it is possible, not certain but possible, the eu could say, sorry, we don't think that meets our standards. because there isa meets our standards. because there is a danger that that might cross the border into the republic, which is part of the eu and suddenly it cou

but research at the university of cambridge says nose and throat swabs miss around 30% to 50% of infectionst sometimes it's not present in the parts of the nose and throat where the swabs can reach. this cambridge research team has published a paper which suggests a combination involving an antibody test too. here's one of the authors of the report. and then we have saliva tests — these can be administered at home. anne wyllie is from yale school of public health, she's developed a saliva test that's been granted emergency use authorisation in the us. she's been telling me how they work. it is, something that you have to do to collect a very simple saliva sample, with a tube, get a saliva into the mouth and you can take that and actually test for it, it is very easy to do. easier than some of the tests being done, could this replace off the primary other tests? it's not. i think we really need right now is more testing options and especially the tests that we have developed, it has to be processed in a lab, and we are seeing some of these bottlenecks sometimes and what is really helpful for

with me is dr chris smith — he's a virologist at the university of cambridge.lso i'm joined by dr rosemary leonard, a gp in dulwich in south london. welcome to you both, thank you for joining me. let us try and rattle through these questions. chris, a question from mike hall,. today we were told that the fight against covid—19 had turned a corner and not in a good way. but my question is, why is the uk now experiencing a spike in cases of covid—19? this is a transmittable infection and it relies on contact between people. it is simple that the more contact there is, the more cases you will get because there are more virus opportunities for it to spread. in recent weeks we have seen people coming back from their holidays, going back to school, work, now we are people going back to university which adds up to a lot of co nta cts. to university which adds up to a lot of contacts. that is why we are seeing my —— more of contacts. that is why we are seeing my —— more cases. of contacts. that is why we are seeing my -- more cases. 0k, of contacts. that is why we are

with me is dr chris smith — he's a virologist at the university of cambridge. joining me. let us try and rattle through these questions. chris, a question from mike hall,. today we were told that the fight against covid—19 had turned a corner and not in a good way. but my question is, why is the uk now experiencing a spike in cases of covid—19? this is a transmittable infection and it relies on contact between people. it is simple that the more contact there is, the more cases you will get because there are more virus opportunities for it to spread. in recent weeks we have seen people

around the uk, and i am concerned about some of the gaps, for example, in testing for university students which cambridgeommitted to but not many other universities. so, we are really going to have to watch that space on the higher education sector. that is a question of capacity, isn't it? absolutely. and i think that's, you know, this moonshot idea sounds absolutely brilliant, but as we can see from scotland a few weeks ago, where there was really quite chaotic picture when the schools went back and lots of parents requested tests and lots of parents requested tests and now in england. so i think of the next few weeks, we must testing rates because as we were hearing from your last person that you interviewed, mass testing is absolutely a key piece of the jigsaw to get us out of this. so, i think i welcome today's announcements, but welcome today's announcements, but we have still got some distance to travel until we see that working well. thank you so much for your time. that is linda, professor of public health at the university of edinburgh. thank you so much. we have heard from cure this term or in

restrictions. joining us will be cell biologist at university college london — jennifer rohn and university of cambridgeur questions using the hashtag #bbcyourquestions or email them using yourquestions@bbc.co.uk as university students return to campuses across the country, there have been a number of outbreaks. universities are implementing a number of restrictions and much of the teaching time will not be face to face. however in the past few days there have been clusters of the virus at a number of teaching institutions. i am joined now by matt crilly who is president of the national union of students scotland — where as we have been hearing indoor meetings between households have been banned. match, several universities there are also illustrating the point about clusters. what you think is going on? yeah, i think we are really quite anxious about the picture in scotland just now. so essentially what has happened is that students at scotland's universities and colleges have been asked to return to campus, many of them have moved into student accommodation and are now beginning to see cases in that a

but we support this sort of action from employers or cambridge university. sort of place where we need to put that testing. and of course we are bringing in the support for everybody who is on low incomes, who has to self—isolate, the £500. whether you have tested positive yourself or you‘re a contact positive yourself or you‘re a co nta ct of positive yourself or you‘re a contact of somebody who has tested positive and has been contacted. i support the honourable lady in her work to explain to, as the local representative, to her constituents in liverpool, about how important it is to follow these rules. simon clarke. the whole country will recognise the choices facing the government, whatever further measures are in contemplation, can i ask for a plea for proportion nationality and people must have a right to some social contact even at this difficult time? i agree with that 100%. for those who live alone or lived alone during lockdown, we put in place the support bubbles for single households for this reason. i remember, having a... zoom with a lot of peo

we can speak now to virologist chris smith from the university of cambridge and dr bharat pankhania fromave had a whole host of questions on testing. perhaps we can start with this one from molly goodwin which is, she asks, can the increase in cases be explained by an increase in testing? chris smith. to a certain extent. yes. the more test you do the more cases you will find and therefore the more cases of coronavirus you will declare, but we have been testing more for quite a while and we haven't seen the dramatic leap in numbers we saw in the last week or so. to an extent some of this reflects more testing and also better tracking down of cases with we are testing more people linked to coronavirus, so finding more cases, but at the same time clear evidence ofa but at the same time clear evidence of a leap up in overall numbers as well. doctor, i won't of a leap up in overall numbers as well. doctor, iwon't ask of a leap up in overall numbers as well. doctor, i won't ask you both the same question but you have been nodding very vociferously there. the same question but you have been no

our guest will be chris smith, from the university of cambridge.areas of scotla nd true across southern areas of scotland as well. guys like these have been pretty widespread, but a cross northern ireland, it stayed rather cloudy —— skies like this. some rain affecting the very far north west. we will see a change in a much cooler weather conditions this week, so the low today, temperatures of 21 and part of aberdeen sure. 26 degrees across parts of east anglia, much colder weather is going to move in as we head across the autumn. into the middle part of the week, and by the end of the week, northerly winds will drop those temperatures down significantly. overnight tonight, we've got rain across the north west of scotland. that will turn increasingly heavy and persistent here. clear skies initially for england and wales, but mist and fog patches will develop later in the night. particularly around the midlands with poor visibility here, poor visibility also in parts of wales. that low cloud particularly for quite a time before it breaks. northwest,