and then many different ways to tax carbon emissions. you can text the entire economy or just a specific set. some taxes only target companies of a certain size. a lot of the carbon taxes worldwide taxes on fossil fuels. that means fossil fuel fans must pay for every lita or cubic meter of oil, gas and coal they extract. but in many cases, the additional cost is passed onto the consumer, incentivizing them to use less of it. the next question is what to do with all the money you just collected. one way is to reduce other taxes in sweden. one is called this the green tax shift. this is christy on to him on he advised the swedish government on tax policies for 10 years. one use an increase in environmental takes ation to reduce the taxes on labor that would be considered to be a growth enhancing reform. switzerland uses 2 thirds of its revenue to reduce health insurance and social security payments and invest the rest into low emission effect as canada takes it one step further. revenue we collect from that federal fuel charge. the vast maj

then many different ways to tax carbon emissions. you could tax the entire economy or just the specific fixed up some taxes, only target companies of a certain size. a lot of the carbon taxes worldwide taxes on fossil fuels. that means fossil fuel firms must pay for every lita or cubic meter of oil, gas and coal they extract. but in many cases, the additional cost is passed onto the consumers, incentivizing them to use less of it. the next question is what to do with all the money you just collected. one way is to reduce other taxes in sweden. one is called this the green tax shift. this is christy on to him on he advised the swedish government on tax policies for 10 years. one is used, an increase in environmental takes ation to reduce the taxes on labor. that would be considered to be a growth enhancing reform. switzerland uses 2 thirds of its revenue to reduce health insurance and social security payments and invest the rest into low emission infective. canada. takes it one step further. revenue, we collect from that federal fuel c

any action that pushes _ carbon emissions. any action that pushes companies - carbon emissions.issions. any action - that pushes companies to become more transparent — be it on climate change or anything else, but particularly on climate change — is definitely a welcome development and should be supported, because that's how we improve governance and that's how you improve dialogue. but the big question remains — are these companies going to deliver because of that shareholder activism and pressure? and here we have to also be a little bit more balanced and look at what they have been doing so far. and some companies are doing better than others in terms of reducing their carbon footprint, but, of course, a lot more has to be done. but definitely any action that encourages greater transparency — and that is perhaps the most important contribution of shareholder activism that we expect to see push and force companies, including shell, to disclose more of their strategy when it comes@impact on climate change and what they are doing to reduce their carbon footprint.— to reduce thei

so why is it so hard to produce demand with that carbon emissions is the main ingredient also of estimate and in the killed process, there's a lot of students who are coming out of the live stones. this is yeah, and toilet and he's a 30 year veteran of the cement industry. we try it about to, to reduce the amount of blinker in. so that's, that's a decreasing factor. but there is an image because at the moment you will cement will not perform anymore. you will not have completed the list which has the forms that, that it needs. so there are technical limits. safety yes, technology is intended for use in cards to a bait sector is like steel chemicals and the cement industry. industries at toms completely eliminate carbon emissions. but why is the heidelberg materials coming all the way to norway for this? to find out more, we have to go to germany. c. c. s technology is bound here. economics minister who about topic wants to change this. he also paid a visit to private. but 15 years ago, things looked a lot different in german states like states, the hardest time people took to the streets

so why is it so hard to produce demand with i'd carbon emissions. that is the main ingredients also an estimate. and then in the killed process there's a lot of c 2 coming out of the livestock. this is yeah. and toilet. he's a 30 year veteran of the cement industry. we try it about to, to reduce the amount of blinker in some, and that's a decreasing factor. but there is a limit because that was not the moment use amendment loss of the form anymore. you will not have to read the list which has the form is that that it needs so that there are technical limits. safety as technology is intended for use in cards to a base sector is like steel chemicals and the cement industry. industries at toms completely eliminate carbon emissions. but why is the heidelberg materials coming all the way to norway for this? to find out more, we have to go to germany. c. c s technology is bound here. economics minister who about topic wants to change this. he also paid a visit to private but 15 years ago things looked a lot different in german state sikes, the, it's the h

they also burn diesel, producing a significant amount of carbon emissions. thinking of ways to make the network leaner and more efficient. it is a 25 kilowatt turbine. this is one of them. andrew banks runs a ferry service to and from the islands. this wind turbine provides his vessels with all the power they need when they are moored up between services. he is also invested in modern catamaran ferries but he thinks in the future more radical technologies will be needed. for me, i think the way forward is hydrogen, because in orkney we produce so much electricity and we are well placed to produce hydrogen. it is not the only possible solution. a trial of two fully electric hydrofoils is due to start on interisland services from next year, backed by £15.5 million of government money. ferries like these offer vital economic and social links to the island is here in 0rkney but the lessons learnt here about making them cleaner, more efficient and cheaper to run will notjust be relevant for the orkney islands, but also for other remote communities across the glob

fossil fuels, which released the greenhouse gas emissions causing climate change. training a single ai model produces more than 5 times the amount of carbon dioxide emissions generated from a car. and it's lifetime, that's including the emissions to manufacturer of the car, and it's fuel consumption once it leaves the factory. it's an astounding amount training in a model and then ensuring its continued existence through large data centers is a massive brain on natural resources. and also drives up what researchers call embodied carbon. so that's going to be the amount of carbon it took to, let's say, build the hardware just starting by mining the rare minerals that goes into the g p . use shipping that across the world to then be manufactured into a g, p. u, and then tripping that gpu to its final destination at a data center. that doesn't cur, a really large environmental impact. it's this impact that companies like microsoft are trying to take into account as a set climate goals. microsoft says it's aiming to be carbon negative by 2030, not just neutral, but negative. and one way it's hoping to get there is through bolivia. more than 9

we were - we can reduce our carbon emissions and we are doing so. on targets and we are leading the _ our carbon emission targets and we are leading the way— our carbon emission targets and we are leading the way on _ our carbon emission targets and we are leading the way on that. - our carbon emission targets and we are leading the way on that. our. are leading the way on that. our renewables— are leading the way on that. our renewables are _ are leading the way on that. our renewables are now— are leading the way on that. our renewables are now producing i are leading the way on that. our. renewables are now producing 40% are leading the way on that. our- renewables are now producing 40% of our electricity— renewables are now producing 40% of our electricity in _ renewables are now producing 40% of our electricity in this _ renewables are now producing 40% of our electricity in this country - renewables are now producing 40% of our electricity in this country but i our electricity in this country but there _ our electricity in this country but ther

when carbon bonds with oxygen 50 comes gaseous world wide, it's these carbon dioxide emissions that we need to reduce. that's because the colors and photo lift gas is considered the main cause of global warming. and that is the 2nd weather patterns everywhere from the polar forest in the north to the amazon in the south.

for example, in carbon emissions, we are reducing our logistics, transports and doing it digital.nel.com sign increase in traffic of 30% that is 16% reduction in carbon footprint. francine: how much comes from heart of trying to do good? in five to 10 years there will be a bit more focus on this. quex i think clients believe luxury is sustainable because they know we make beautiful things, we make them with hand in that genuine desire by clients to see us continue to sustainable is only going to go up. more gen z and alpha are buying and they buy because they want to buy less and by better, which is their right mindset to engage with luxury. it is increasingly important. francine: in sustainability do you need to be a risk taker? the idea that as a chief executive you need to be careful, but is there anything, and where you will challenge your risk-taking? quex i think for all of us, the world today it's moving fast. you are constantly a child taking. for me we are courageous brand because we walk in the footsteps of a courageous woman. she lived the life she wanted, courageously,

it's these carbon dioxide emissions that we need to reduce. that's because the colorless and photo lift gas is considered the main cause of global warming. and that is the 2nd weather patterns everywhere, from the polar forest in the north, to the amazon in the south. the many phases of carbon coming up on tomorrow today.

we are one of the few luxury players who want to really reduce our carbon emissions. for example, in carbon emissions, we are reducing our logistics, transport and carbon footprint to do it digital. chanel.com saw an increase in traffic of 30%. francine: how much of this comes from the heart, trying to do good, and how much does this also play with consumers? in 5, 10 years there will be even more focus on this. leena: i think clients believe luxury is sustainable because they know we make things and we make them in beautifully and we make them by hand, and a genuine desire by clients to see us the sustainable is only going to go up. they buy because they want to buy less and by better which is the right mindset to engage with luxury. it is going to be increasingly important. francine: do you need to be a risk taker? the idea that as a chief executive you need to be careful, but is there anything coming where he would challenge or risk-taking? leena: i think for all of us, the world today is so complex and moving fast that you are constantly adjusting. for me, we are

complete extraction of oil and gas from offshore, that will be at least two billion tons of extra carbon emissions planetary atmosphere. with the projects and the developments that we're doing here, investing in the latest technology, lower emission intensity developments, we're reducing the overall emissions footprint of operations today. and as a corporation, we're committed to the pathway to net zero by 2050. we're on it. it's a pathway. you don't get there overnight. and we can't meet the needs of society today if we just turn the lights off. this year, republic day in guyana came with an air of defiance. we shall never surrender an inch of our territory or cede national sovereignty. neighbouring venezuela is pushing on and offshore claims over essequibo, a vast chunk of guyana's territory. caracas has issued threats and demanded that exxon cease its operations. it is an unequal standoff. guyana hasjust1i,000 men and women in its security forces. venezuela has a military of at least 125,000. guyanese president irfaan ali's defiance relies heavily on the support of powerful allies, most notably

so why is it so hard to produce demand with that carbon emissions? is the main ingredient also an estimate. and in the killed process there's a lot of students who coming out of the livestock this is yeah and toilet and he's a 30 year veteran of the cement industry. we try it about to, to reduce the amount of blinker in. so that's, that's a decreasing factor, but there is an image because at the moment you will some, and will last but the form anymore. you will not have to create the list which has the forms that, that it needs so that there are technical limits. c, c s technology is intended for use in cards to a base sector is like steel chemicals and the cement industry. industries at toms completely eliminate carbon emissions. but why is the heidelberg materials coming all the way to norway for this? to find out more, we have to go to germany. c. c. s. technology is bound here. economics minister who about topic wants to change this. he also paid a visit to private. but 15 years ago, things looked a lot different in german states like states, the

so we want to really reduce our carbon emissions. for example, we are -- in carbon emissions, we are reducing our logistics, transport, and carbon footprint to do it digital. chanel.com saw an increase in traffic of 30%, with a 16% reduction in carbon footprint. francine: how much of this comes from, i guess, the heart, you know, trying to do good, and how much does this also play with consumers? because in 5, 10 years, there will be even more focus on this. leena: you know, francine, i think clients believe luxury is sustainable, because they know we make fewer things, and we make them beautifully, and we make them with hands. and that is a genuine desire by clients to see us as sustainable is only going to go up. i mentioned about more gen z and alpha buying. and they buy, because they want to buy less and buy better, which is the right mindset to engage with luxury. so it is going to be increasingly important. francine: leena, in sustainability, do you need to be a risk taker? like, the idea that, as a chief executive, i guess you

we are pretty close to what we predicted would happen has happened as carbon emissions drive climate change the warming temperatures of the world's oceans keep breaking records not more than about five to 10% at this rate, over predicts only a fraction of the world's coral we'll still be alive 25 years from now you're talking about a mass die off yeah. as this moved past coral reefs, bleaching so this is what's fascinating i think, and quite terrifying is that the number of disasters that are happening is increasing on a decade by decade spaces, be that a huge forest fires in many parts of the world or massive floods some of australia's most recent floods the port city of cans, a main gateway to the great barrier reef on december 18, 2023, the worst reigns in decades, flood parts of the city. >> the whole strip was the river, including the home of thomas herridge and trini hustle lead you water up to here when we left by girls, we had one age record hide floods, a growing threat across australia we're, here to, get your side of the store. a bribery, prostitution. >> why do we keep en

the sector that sprung up to reduce our carbon emissions. but can these businesses really, really shape the future? this very good question. so yes, i decide every day to work. this is much use margins and he told us about his green business, a german company that's created clean tech software. the app helps people switch from fossil fuels to renewable energy, and it allows them to monitor how much electricity they're using and when to use their devices to help save on their bills it can get cheaper, but it's a lot of fun for instance. and then it can also get more expensive and we want to shift the customer consumption to those times when is actually cheap. mathias is one of the thousands of new entrepreneurs that are drawn to clean check for clean technology, new products that we need if were to help save our planet. this is the norm as privilege to be here on earth today. to join in signing this historic agreement, global leaders signed an agreement to limit global warming to a level in which we'd still be able to live comfortably and hav

in australia. >> do our part in the global effort to reduce carbon emissions and to make sure that wealia two more and you're able energy to get to our target of 82% renewable energy by 2030 but just last year, the same government approved opening for new coal mines what i want people to know about australia is that way, one of the world's largest fossil fuel exporting nation and that's been a position that we've helped quite some time. it's not one that anyone should want. >> zack scofield is an environmentalist and resident of new castle he's activist group rising tide has staged protests briefly stopping one of these trains in another waterborne sit in scofield was briefly arrested while blockading coal ships in the port do you want this shutdown? not immediately, not overnight that's not going to help anyone in newcastle, lauren, australia, but what we do need is no new fossil fuel projects to be approved because that's just going to make the problem worse. as you can say to die, we've got so much sun, so much are wind. we've got a perfect opportunity to be we kind of renewable su

they dominate the global economy, but they also generate the vast majority, 70%, of the world's carbon emissionsthe world, it has become more populous than at any point in history. and since 1980, the proportion of people living in urban areas, it has soared. in that year, it was just over 39%. by 2007, for the first time, more than half of the global population were living in an urban setting. and here in 2024, that number is now nearly 60%. it's projected to be 68% by the middle of this century. and if that trend continues, more than 80%, or four in five of us, will be living in towns or cities by 2080. that means there'll be six times as many big cities with a population of more than a million people. but some regions are becoming more urban than others. south america, for example. it's the most urbanised continent, with 85% of people living in towns and cities. while in africa it's around 46%. and we're going to hear from our colleagues in lagos as well as sao paulo in a moment. but first, let's head to india. we know that country is the world's most populous, but it's still very rural. fewe

community has significant role to play in reducing carbon emissions. unfortunately, we have no idea and no requirement that they disclose anything about the carbon footprint, the core operation and sp360 stands for the basic notion that large corporations should be transparent about the carbon footprint. it makes all the sense in the world and very common sense but is controversial. any time you are proposing a policy that is going to make real change and that will change behavior because we know that when corporations have to disclose and be transparent and have that kind of accountability, there is going to be opposition. >> we have to provide technical assistance to comply with the state legislation sb1383 which requires them to have a food donation program. we keep the edible food local. and we are not composting it because we don't want to compost edible food. we want that food to get eaten within san francisco and feed folks in need. it is very unique in san francisco we have such a broad and expansive education program for the city. but also tha