the pandemic had widespread effects for latin america and the caribbean. latin america counsel is just 8 percent of the population. the region has seen almost 30 percent with mexico suffering some of the highest after the united states. some of the groups have the greatest risk including the amazon vaccination and women who make up 70 percent. people of african descent and prisoners. unfortunately the rollout has been slow. 37 percent of the population and the caribbean countries barbados and bermuda vaccinated more than 20 percent of their population but several nations that president biden to prioritize latin america to donate surplus vaccines along with the caribbean caucus to expand the program of the astra event on - - astrazeneca vaccine and then to provide the same vaccines and in other nations in the caribbean are experiencing a spike in cases. it is important for economic recovery for countries that rely heavily. latin america already experienced the greatest income inequality. and the economic contraction has increased poverty with income inequal

but the caribbean remains vulnerable to extreme weather and natural disasters.any families are suffering from a false sense of a cure on - - security. recent study about honduras with field a family may leave their land due to climate change but leave their country because they lack safe spaces. so i will propose multilateral ways to connect between climate change violence poverty and migration. and with the financial institutions but then to create opportunities for job creation and leadership and access to education so throughout my time in washington i have been an outspoken advocate and we may not see it lie. i was a member of the garson group and i was proud to engage with leaders to brought on - - to try to bring our country together. i also believe with cuba is time to reverse back to the obama era relationship with the country. it is crucial we put industry into the city of havana and then support relationships. but then to have a window of opportunity who was also part of the group and reach the solutions to end the suffering. as of a couple weeks ago i

the caribbean during the 19th century. dr. carter richie believes that history is an argument without end and that students are best attracted to its study. when the educator exudes a love of learning and we couldn't agree more. so, please welcome dr. jeffrey kerr-ritchie. thank you adam for those introductory remarks. i'd also like to thank graham dosia the museum for both the invitation and also assistance in putting together this talk which originally was. planned to be in person, but of course through our through events over which we have no control. it's currently being streamed i am i'm gonna talk for about 35 to 40 minutes, and then hopefully we'll have a dialogue and some of you will pronounce some questions because i think that's very very useful. um, i cannot promise that my comments are going to be as exciting and and as titillating as the the future speakers on virginia bed chamber habits, however, i shall try to engage you with. a very important historical event and why we should care about it. so graham if we can

the commodity itself but also the knowledge to make that commodity travel from barbados, to the caribbean and as well as north america, england and scotland even. >> and went on the island of barbados are they using? >> so, when they native people are brought from south america, they bring with them though some sugar cane. and so, at the base ingredient for romney is usually the waste products of sugar. and so, that's kind of the base ingredient, usually. >> and how is it made? how days it being made at this time? >> so again, you would take kind of waste products you have, so we're talking about sugarcane that might have been damaged when it was eaten by rats, or damaged in a hurricane or the molasses that's kind of taken out of the sugar as it's being turned into the granular sugar. and they're taking all of these waste products together, mixing them together, mixing them with some water, some source of yeast, allowing the fermentation process to take place for maybe two weeks, as the sugar becomes alcohol. and then they're putting in a closed copper still, where you're able to attract

the hurricanes that batter the united states, the caribbean and central america are more severe and more frequent. the individuals who depend on tourism or for fish for their livelihood directly feel the increasing threat to our climate. the air we breathe, the water we drink and the health of our loved ones here in washington dc are linked to our neighbors in ottawa, mexico city , sing town, deforestation, protecting the environment. it will all have a dramatic impact on our collective prosperity. that's why i viewed trade policy has a legitimate and necessary tool to help solve this crisis . it won't be easy but bold collective action will create enormous new economic opportunity. it will create good paying jobs in the united states, throughout the americas around the world. and bold collective action will build the industries of our future. this is a valuable lens through which to view our arrangement with the rest of our trading partners inthe caribbean and central south america . for example, economic reform and the trade benefits of the caribbean basin initiative at health territor

latin america and the caribbean is experiencing three crises at the same time. they are all globally linked and economic crisis and inequality crisis. our region has just 8% of the worlds population that accounts for almost a third of all covid-19 deaths. we are eyeing a return to normality however the last several weeks have been our most devastating. in my home country of honduras the recent pandemic related deaths every ten minutes and latin america and the caribbean will soon reach the dark milestone of 1 million deaths. as you just mentioned, it's the worst in 200 years and it's on the poor and most vulnerable have been affected the most. to add a fourth crisis the region has an acute own ability to the effects of climate change. you know that there is no recovery without vaccination and this is a global common goal to ensure equitable distribution. that is why we have mobilized $1 million for vaccine purchases and development of our countries, including [inaudible]. this pandemic is not exclusive on only small countries but it's for the whole region. we ar

the hurricanes that batter of united states, the caribbean, and central america, are more severe and more frequent. the individuals who depend on tourism or fish for their livelihood directly feel the increasing threat to our climate. the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the health of our loved ones, here in washington d.c., are linked to our neighbors in ottawa, mexico city, tucson, bogota. >> and protecting the environment, they will have an impact on our collective prosperity. that's why i view trade prospects as a tool to help solve the crisis. it won't be easy, but bold, collective action will create enormous new economic opportunities. it will create good paying jobs in the united states, throughout the americas and around the world. and bold, collective action will build the industries of our future. this is a valuable lens through which to view our engagement with the rest of our trading partners in the caribbean and central america. the caribbean basin initiative have helped countries and territories in the region with niche manufacturing in several countries, but the

it is a step in the right direction, and i think a lot of countries around the world, in the caribbeane caribbean, and africa, will say "germany, you've payed back the dues, america, you've payed back the japanese. now it's time for the namibians, we want our reparations," despite the fact that germany does not want to be seen as that. but i think it's a very positive step in the right direction. it's interesting, clive, putting in the context of britain and other colonial countries. germany has a record of apologising for terrible things it's done in the past. maybe other countries — france, britain — don't necessarily have that. president macron in rwanda saying you know, we should've listened to the warning. this isn't an apology, by the way, he said very specifically. absolutely, because that brings legaljeopardy, i and that brings having two hand—outs, you know, - reparations, whatever, so you try as a societyl or as a government to frame youri apology or your level of culpability in a way that will not leave . you open to having to fork out millions and millions. and it's tricky

the hurricanes that -- the united states and caribbean are more severe in more frequent. the individuals who depend on -- fill the threat to our climate, the air we breathe, the water we drink in to our loved ones. kingstown, bogota -- tackling climate change, deforestation, and protecting the environment all have a collective impact on our prosperity. -- it won't be easy, but global collective action would create an norm's economic opportunities. it will create good paying jobs in the united states, throughout the americas, and around the world. it will build the industries of our future. this is a valuable in. economic reform in the caribbean basin initiative help companies in the region diversify their product exports, but there is still unused tendril in this program. the purpose of revisiting trade programs with the goal of exploring and capitalizing on all opportunities is particularly important as we face order challenges. millions of people in the region experience acute suffering. that insecurity has forced many to flee their homes in search of safety, debility,

music industry are you know caribbean descendant. colombia and you know that are making a sort of makes between pop and. yeah caribbean sounds you know what i do still is art and it's not something that is readily. sold to the masses like some of the pop that's out there but i do feel like because music in spanish has been more a sceptic. i don't really because you know 2nd and 3rd generation people my age and like the youth are listening to the music you know their culture and their country to represent them so i feel like the music industry simply reflecting what the audience wants you know and because it's still an industry and because it's still a business a business they're realizing that they have to make space for other languages and other cultures and we still have ways to go but you know i embrace any kind of change in the right direction. open the enter back on the stream after a 3 year hiatus over a scoring always fascinating. class yes. yes yes amy. thank busy busy busy. next on our play list my mood i use this a k. a mov

how do you view china's growing economic engagement in the caribbean basin at this time? and do you have any recommendations for increasing the u.s.'s engagement in the caribbean basin in terms of trade and investments to counter the influence of china in the regional? >> thank you so much. i think, you know, again the chinese have deployed their efforts and their resources very strategically around the world, and we need to pick up our pace in terms of engaging with our friends, our neighbors, our close neighbors especially, in the caribbean to show our leadership and our partnership. i do want to say that i think that the country in caricom in the caribbean is just the right thing to do to be robustly engaged, set aside china, but put china in the equation and we have even more reason to be enhancing our engagement. you know, let me check on the question you have asked about the tfa engagement across the board. i think that there are a lot of these trade investment framework agreements that we have struck as the united states with other partners and it is a program that

tom: do you think royal caribbean will be a dow component in the next couple of years?'t know about that, but we are getting closer to restarting not just cruises to alaska. that has been the focus of the industry the last few days. the story today is that royal caribbean has received clearance from the centers for disease control and prevention to run test cruises of a ship called freedom of the seas from the port of miami. that is sort of a first step to being able to restart cruises from miami as opposed to just from seattle to alaska, which is really what the industry has been talking about for the last few days. we've got a company that is big in internet-based security software, and their market value is about the same as royal caribbean, as it turns out. the fiscal third quarter results beating analyst average estimates in a bloomberg survey, and they raised their fourth quarter earnings and sales forecast as a result. this company has made a history of being well above rejections, and the kind of cap that going last quarter. i've got one more for you. nordstrom

. >>> royal caribbean will soon be operating test cruises out of miami. be the first to leave from a u.s. port since march of last year. the cdc gave royal caribbean approval to start the test cruises in late june. volunteer passengers will be on board while the ship experiments with new covid protocols. >>> as the pandemic eases more americans are taking to the skies and the long holiday weekend ahead could mean more violent in-flight confrontations. one woman is accused of brutally attacking a flight attendant as reports of unruly passengers surge. with more than 37 million people expected to travel for memorial day, the number of fights between passengers and airline workers are on the rise. >> if we don't stand up, it's only going to get worse. >> whoa. >> reporter: one of the more serious incidents happening on a southwest flight from sacramento to san diego. new video shows the passenger being escorted off the plane after allegedly striking a flight attendant so hard, they knocked out two of their teeth. southwest telling abc news, the passenger rep

the caribbean, usa. that really does _ eu. the caribbean, usa. that really does start— eu.ly does start to open things up. obviously things like measurement and proof— obviously things like measurement and proof you've had a vaccine and faxing _ and proof you've had a vaccine and faxing passports wherever it may be. people _ faxing passports wherever it may be. people don't have to go and i do know— people don't have to go and i do know a _ people don't have to go and i do know a few_ people don't have to go and i do know a few people like that. i still hope _ know a few people like that. i still hope that— know a few people like that. i still hope that we can. certainly people were stranded last year or messed up or having _ were stranded last year or messed up or having to— were stranded last year or messed up or having to come back to quarantined. going to be smart about this. ., , quarantined. going to be smart about this. ., quarantined. going to be smart about this. . . quarantined. going to be smart about this. ., ., ,. ., , this. there was a real scramble about this

in america and the caribbean are grappling with a 2nd wave of covert 1000 infections the region's recorded nearly 40 percent of new cases worldwide in recent days in peru putting an increasing strain on the health system and as the death toll rises cemeteries to reports. it was only when her case attracted national media attention the local cemetery found a place for guinea his brother joy she was desperate and the community human revenue we have decided to bury him in the garden in the front of my house because there's no other solution what could i do with my dead brother in my house with that smell grew in the last 2 months is recorded more than 15000 deaths from the covered 1000 virus health experts say the truth is probably much higher symmetries are overwhelmed despite doing all they can to accommodate the increased demand. as you can see the sun is ari symmetries on the verge of collapse which is complicated by the situation the world is in so we're trying to adapt our teams to mitigate the situation in our cemeteries but despite their best efforts it's not enough not with nearly 20

venezuela affecting the east analysis of the caribbean particularly around the way in which we could see some very heavy showers here as we go on throughout monday through the showers little widespread as we go through choose day full the other larger islands for hispaniola for jamaica cuba might catch one or 2 showers but nothing too much to speak of will be some heavy showers too into southern parts of central america but for a good part of mexico is fine dry and sunny. sponsored paul qatar airways. talked to al-jazeera we are you tell me what the government you represent is now illegitimate and we listen we do not sell the fence material any country during the conflict in yemen we meet with the global news makers and talk about the stories that matter on al-jazeera from the al-jazeera london broadcast center to special guests in conversation when society is divided when women are divided the only thing that benefits from this future itself unprompted uninterrupted says the 1st once good girls are those who are. foreigners in this sad fact. if you like to think that there's nationa

sunshine we have got a few showers just around the eastern side of the caribbean but i think that we feel and further between as we go through the next heaviest showers into the western side of the region side nicaragua a costa rica sinks and lively showers from time to time elsewhere she can say also of lovely tropical sunshine. frank assessment it's. exactly how. taking for the situation might not be repeated again informed opinions is the u.s. with thinking military positioning in the middle east or is it just to simply. the ministry has said this is a message to the region the united states here's a rethink you're here to military posture in-depth analysis of the day's global headlines inside story. welcome back a quick amount of our top stories here this hour at least 20 palestinians have been killed after israeli air strikes in gaza israel struck targets across the city after hamas fired a barge of long range rockets from the gaza strip into jerusalem. all that happened after israeli forces fired rubber coated steel bullets tear gas and stun grenades at more than $300.00 palest

want to take it to the caribbean right now, and you know, we've had our cluster storms over the last little while that have instability through his spend your life eastern section of cuba and the you could 10 peninsula, some of those strong storms are starting to ease but toward guatemala, as we head toward close to recon panama, that's where our heavy bouts of rain will be. okay for south america, the amazon basin rivers running through there are at near record levels just because of how much rain has fallen lately. and we've had nasty weather maker impact areas of argentina into uruguay, montevideo this is really whipped up your wins. additions will eventually improve montevideo as we head toward tuesday, the on candidate because china is in terms of millions of we goes, has less than company scrambling. one wine supply chains off the huge job losses. when will the tourism industry recover? cloth and how robot could transform the trade? counting the call hold al jazeera ah shoot. 8th of the best documentary films across the network on al jazeera. ah, the me. again, what you remind

sunshine we have got a few showers just around the eastern side of the caribbean but i think that we feel and further between as we go through the next day i also have your showers into the western side of the region side nick iraq you are costa rica sinks and lively showers from time to time elsewhere as you can see most of lovely tropical sunshine. but you feel your holiday has already begun with a dream and. those with a taste for the final night. of the film at least the next. least connected it's the details that make such an impact the warmth and hospitality make it feel like qatar airways places to. you. you're watching al-jazeera time to recap our headlines now more than 20 palestinians have been killed after israeli air strikes hit gaza israel struck targets across the city after hamas fired a barrel of rockets from the gaza strip into jerusalem that happened after israeli forces fired rubber coated steel bullets tear gas and stun grenades at more than $300.00 palestinian worshippers the no azza mosque for a 2nd time this week. has been widespread international condemnation

humanely but across the board no matter where you're talking about people who are from africa from the caribbean or from africa continent you're treated worse than immigration proceeding think anyone else consistently meeting the hardships that we're having with the diversity visa right now the number of deportations that you have seen all the problems you see in deportation centers there really hasn't been a clear class in exactly which of those children were separated exactly which countries are prone if you have heard so far from central america but we don't know the other class the actual very 1st class of separation was a black immigrant so those issues are part of the racial equality this country must face and make immigration part of the conversation about how we're going to do this justly process and some of our regard to someone's race or color or ethnicity and alan is you so eloquently pointed out it seems like the equity lands is failing and multiple areas including on the immigration front we know that the media leaves out migrants like those from haiti cameroon and other nations why

country why we should be more considerate of people from the african continent or people about the caribbean . that we were having this conversation in general about just racial reform in this country but when they're the only ones that are being deported that's a problem and when you look at numbers as you see that are being deported in their children that are being deported right now it's unconstitutional because you're deporting them to a place that doesn't have a stable government so they can receive them and as soon i think yesterday there was a white 32 people that were supposed to be deported to haiti might have i don't have confirmation yet but that should stop enough people should you know or so i don't know part of what congress is doing now is this you know until the midterm. republicans have been clear that they don't want to work with democratic party and they just want to talk about immigration and it's time to stop talking about immigration as if it's one thing and realize that these are people and push these policies through that we've been talking about 10 years and really q

and royal caribbean will only allow passengers who are fully vaccinated.rt ban takes affect july 1st. and governor ron desantis insists there will be a $5,000 fine for every violation. overseas, cruise ships are stocking up to set sail? europe. elizabeth palmer reports. >>> when the ionna sailed in to south hampton two weeks ago, she made quite the splash. 5,000 passengers will board later this summer for her maiden cruise to scotland with captain wesley dunlap in command. >> how lucky am i to be at the helm more it, i can not wait. >> reporter: the challenge is the floating nightmares from last spring. remember the vandam, being turned away from country after country with a deadly outbreak on board and the 2 and a half thousand people who were on the diamond prin is ses in quarantine in japan. this is a travel writer. >> it's a huge pr challenge. the people who are most vulnerable to covid-19, older, travelers, are the absolute prime demographic for the cruise industry. >> reporter: the industry is trying to build confidence, aboard one of the first briti

across the board no matter where you're talking about people who are from africa either from the caribbean or from africa the continent you're treated worse than immigration proceedings than anyone else consistently meaning the hardships that we're having with the diversity visa right now that never. court cases that you have seen all the crimes you see in deportation centers there really hasn't been a clear class on exactly which of those children were separated exactly which could use the room if you've heard so far from central america but we don't know their actual 1st class of separation was a black eye so those issues are part of the racial equality this country must face and make immigration part of the conversation about how we're going to do this justly process in some regards as someone's race or color or ethnicity and alan is you so eloquently pointed out it seems like the equity lintas failing in multiple areas including on the immigration front we know that the media leaves out migrants like those from haiti cameroon and other nations why do you think that is and we've seen mo

unlike florida or the caribbean, the alaska cruise season is limited to just a couple of months during the summer >> alaska's cruise ship season is not like florida's. it is the months of june, july, august, and if you're lucky, a little bit in september. >> reporter: while cruise lines prepare for alaska, sailings out of florida, which accounts for 60% of cruises, remains unclear. florida governor desantis continuing to ban cruise operators from asking customers to show proof of vaccination this as a new survey shows 86% of people planning to cruise support vaccine requirements just minutes ago, royal caribbean, the first cruise line to receive cdc approval to conduct a mock voyage this june out of miami where the cruise operator will attempt to prove to health officials that its covid protocols work on nonvaccinated ships. shep >> seema, thanks. >>> carry a gun without a permit, without a license, without any training at all. texas poised to sign that into law. tonight, the support behind it and the concerns from law enforcement. >>> the man who shot and killed nine people at a histo

had and they reflected gaming throughout not only nevada, but throughout the united states and the caribbean. and we have the largest collection of original gaming records, to my knowledge, in the united states and possibly the world. you have to remember that when gaming started, it was kind of a contrast -- kind of a contest between the person operating the game and the various players. and, if you couldn't control the game in the early days of gambling, say from 1850 on and things like that, you were probably going to lose your money. and the ability of the gambler to basically cheat is what ensured him of a win in the early days of gaming. this eventually changed and was cleaned up a lot. we have some items here that reflect the earlier days of gaming. this is the dice wheel. we also have the one-man tub, which could be operated by a single dealer. so if this were in a small club , or like a basement club during the prohibition, a game like this was easy to operate. now, in order to control a game like this in the early days, they would use various forms of -- they would use special equi

and in the caribbean than with the middle almost and those kind of stories to tell was that actually solidarity isn't something new right and i think there are lots of stories that we need to begin to tell because there are alternatives often what we need is solidarity in the global north because it's your corporations your banks your multinationals that are repressing theirs so the one thing that we can do is of course shop less but also take action against our banks on our. our political system and allow this aside some flowers to bloom right on to allow them to grow and then be able to weave more stories because if we can describe the world we want how do we expect people to go along with us yeah thank you for your question here i think final thought for me the future that we want to have is still very much up for grabs and so it's very easy to feel apathetic and that's one of the things that happens during the climate crisis is that there is a sense of like. something you could. do whatever you want but in actuality we still have the window of opportunity so leg don't lean into a

they said we have more in common, more in follow diety, with the slaves in the and in the caribbean, them with the mill owners. and those kinds of stories to tell was that actually solidarity isn't something new, right? and i think there are lots of stories that we need to begin to tell because there are alternatives. often what we need is solidarity in the global north. because it's your corporations, your bank, your multinational repressing is. so the one thing that we could do is of course shop life, but also take action against our banks and our political system. and allow these eyes and flowers to blue, right? and to allow them to grow and then be able to weave more stories. because if we can describe the world, we won't. how would we expect people to go along with this? yeah, thank you for your course. thank you. i think final thought for me, the future that we want to have is still very much up for grabs. and so it's very easy to feel apathetic, and that's one of the things that happens during the climate crisis is that there's a sense of like, yoga, whatever, there's nothing

they used to bring the cotton of calls from the slave plantations in the caribbean. i'm from the faith. and during the civil war, there was an embargo. and so there was no cotton coming through the talk about a cotton family in the u. k. with comb, factory work is left destitute. the merchants of liverpool club together to buy a war ship to break the embargo to get cotton over to the u. k. and when he came to the u. k, and he came to the bills workers in the u. k. refuse to handle that cotton said we have more in common a more in follow diversity with the slaves in the, in the us and in the caribbean. them with the mill owners and those kind of stories to towers. that actually solidarity isn't something new. right. and i think there are lots of stories that we need to begin to tell because there are alternatives. often what we need is solidarity in the global north. because it's your corporation, your banks, you're multinational, repressing us. so the one thing that we could do is of course shop life, but also take action against our banks, our political system, and

after victory was achieved afro caribbean hindu african american cannot get african and asian soldiers from the french and the allied armies paraded on the show salusa and to the cheers of the crowds. this is the story on the program the human exhibitions after 1900 different now they are no longer savages around of course they remain natives and are not our equal signal but they no longer live in darkness if they are on the road to civilization and are portrayed as being at the service of the great colonial ational self is the gone national going to be the pacification of these territories the state and locals with the help of folklore exoticism it would be even a rada system if the truth of the result is a world that only functions due to the domination of the west just was the message remains the same george we are the masters and they are the native soil ago is a shit. color we was 21 when he agreed to leave his new caledonian homeland to travel to paris with 100 connex. it was 1931 he trusted the french official who suggested he in the others present they cannot culture at the col

south and the caribbean, and urged her to complete a phd in anthropology at columbia. the free-spirited hurston chafed at academic regulations and never completed the degree. perhaps the most problematic of these folk west charlotte osgood mason, a wealthy white widow who out of her investment in primitivist art sponsored langston hughes, cobra vs, and eventually hurston with her particularly between 1927 and 1932. in return for monthly stipends and funds to purchase cars and the likes, mason demanded her proteges consistently referred to her as godmother. largely supplicate themselves to her, and have their publications vetted and limited by mason as she did with hurston's collected folklore. jb lippincott co. was the publishing house that secured hurston after the appearance of the gilded sixpence. in part because hurston lied, saying she had almost completed a novel that in truth she had not even begun to write. but in a productive flurry she produced "jonah's gourd vine." abandoning graduate studies at columbia when they reneged on the terms of the scholarship, hur

i'm going to tell the revolution closes the caribbean and some european ports to trade from the united states. the great napoleonic wars that begin after the sort of half-time dressed in the treaty of amien, they will close everything else effectively and make it enormously dangerous for american traders to operate on the high seas. this is just an illustration to remind me to tell you that those wars effectively began at the conclusion of the french revolutionary wars, they effectively began in 1803 and through 1815. they continued and the economic warfare between continental france and insular britain the economic warfare that the two conducted during that period of a dozen years effectively strangled american-neutral trade and it forced further the pressures on commerce and forced further further our focus on the orion. these are some cartoons of the period one of the great sources of american exasperation with the british during the course of that war was the british tendency the british determination to board american flag vessels to interrogate the crews and to remove from those