carmina is here before sunrise to get a closer look. >> we are at the northern end of aetna at around 3100 meters. this crack is due to the abruption which is typical. the magma has risen to a very high level. at any moment, a new crater could open up, or there could be an explosion without any warning . >> even so, carmelo, what -- one of 40 rangers, leads us to the volcano. it is a tough climb in thin air and through ankle-deep volcanic ash. there it is. with each explosion, the crater belches out glowing molten lava, strewing around for hundreds of meters. the earth heaves and shakes. only the rangers brave the volcanic activity to get closer. tourists, however, have to keep away at a distance of 300 meters. >> these tourists have read the sign. their excursion ends here. they have to turn around, but they can stay here and watch. >> but there are always some people who try to defy the warning signs. we are in the control room of the institute of all the knowledge he -- volcanology. it's a high-tech nerve center to monitor the volcano. >> two colleagues monitor the volcano around t