where do you think your students in carnegie mellon are looking at most actively?s it europe that is going to be hot at the heels of the u.s. or china or india? which country is thriving the most as the u.s. loses the battle? >> they are going back to their home country. chinese students are going back to china. as i said earlier baidu has , better artificial intelligence than apple has. in china, they are doing gene editing where you edit living cells and so on. china is leading the way. they are publishing papers and making all sorts of advances. china might be ahead of the united states in that. in robotics, japan is doing amazing stuff. korea is building self-driving cars. india is working on lunar landers. there is a company shooting to put a lunar lander on the moon. it is a small start up company. before, this was the only place it happened. silicon valley for tech, the u.s. was the center of gravity. and then you had some sites in europe. now you can go most anywhere in the world. you can go to brazil and see the amazing stuff they are doing. you can go to

he is also a distinguished fellow at carnegie mellon.has written extensively on h-1b visas and the tech work. >> they are doing the same stupid thing they did with the muslim ban. and now they are haphazardly last-second applying them to the -1b visa is. it doesn't make sense. if they are locking out computer programmers, it means my students at carnegie mellon, stanford, can no longer get jobs here. why do we want to lose these brilliant kids? they are going to go back to their home countries, and is going to hurt us, it will benefit the rest of the world. caroline: you are looking at the average salary for these high demand h-1b visas is $72,000. many have felt this is what needed to be driven up higher to ensure this is not about getting cheaper tech talent in, but the more educated and better tech talent into the united states. would you agree the h-1b could be changed? how would you advocate it being changed? vivek: h-1b is a flawed visa, but the next step is the green card. that is the problem. when people apply for permanent resid

if they are locking out computer programmers, it means my students at carnegie mellon, stanford, cannger get jobs here. why do we want to lose these brilliant kids? they are going to go back to their home countries, and is going to hurt us, it will benefit the rest of the world. caroline: you are looking at the average salary for these high demand h1-b visas is $72,000. many have felt this is what needed to be driven up higher to ensure this is not about getting cheaper tech talent in, but the more educated and better tech talent into the united states. would you agree the h1-b could be changed? how would you advocate it being changed? vivek: h-1b is a flawed visa, but the next step is the green card. when people apply for permanent resident visas, they are stuck in the h1-b visa loop. the easiest fix to the immigration problem is this issue about declining salaries is to untether the visa from a company. if they hire someone with h one b visa, then they get someone with a higher salary, they can leave and continue over there. that would get rid of the problem in one fell swoop. why

that means my students at carnegie mellon and stanford can no longer get jobs here.hy do we want to lose these brilliant kids? they will go back to their home countries. it will hurt us. it will benefit the rest of the world. caroline: the average salary visasfor high demand h-1b is $72,000. many felt this needs to be driven higher to ensure this is not about getting cheaper tech talent in but the more educated and better tech talent into the united states. would you agree the h-1b could be changed? how would you advocate it be changed? >> the h-1b reset is flawed. the problem is the next up, the green card. when people apply for permanent resident visas, they are stuck in the loop. the easiest fix with the crime stoppers is to an tether -- untether the visa from the company. a they get someone offering higher salary, they can leave and continue over there. that would fix the problem in one fell swoop. why don't we do that? this way, there is no cheap labor anymore. caroline: is more about the green card. you have written on the immigrant exodus, why america is leavi

.; and, vivek wadhwa is a distinguished fellow and adjunct professor at carnegie mellon university's college of engineering. he teaches and writes on technology and entrepreneurship. welcome to you both. daniel costa, i'd like to start with you. you heard the brief introduction that i made about these visas. explain what is the intention of the h-1b visa? >> well, the program is usually sold by the companies that use it as a program to bring in the best and the brightest workers from abroad and also to be used when no qualified u.s. workers can be found. and the reality is, though, that's not what the law requires. employers are not required to search for and offer jobs to u.s. workers, and they can also pay much lower wages, based on the way the wage rules are set up in the program. and so that's sort of the two main things that are wrong with the program, and so the probable prm doesn't have a lot of credibility, and some fixes are definitely required. >> brangham: vivek wadhwa, the president argues there is a ready supply of american tech workers to fill these jobs and the visa pr

. >> kroft: bloomberg sees personal philanthropy in the tradition of carnegie, the rockefellers and the mellonst as a threat to democracy, but as a way to do important things that are not politically feasible. and as always, mike bloomberg trusts his judgement. >> kroft: is there anything you want that you don't have? >> bloomberg: i like what i see when i look in the mirror. if i get sentimental, i look and say, "huh, it's a bad day. they beat up on me;" this, that, and the other thing. but, you know? we've spent $1 billion trying to convince people to not smoke. it's been phenomenally successful. we've probably saved millions of lives. there aren't many people that have done that. so, you know, when i get to heaven, i'm not sure i'm going to stand for an interview. i'm going right in. ( laughter ) >> quijano: good evening. congress has until friday to pass a spending bill to avoid a government shutdown. u.s. steel, coca-cola and mcdonald's report earnings tuesday. and a fur coat worn by a "titanic" survivor sold for more than $192,000 this weekend. i'm elaine quijano, cbs news. hurrfor huge s