carol werner: great. thanks very much, bill. are there any questions -- other questions or comments? one issue that i wanted to just raise from what you were just saying bill, is in terms of looking at the different chapters and i think that there is also one that talks about innovation. and that pursuant to the original enactment of the clean -- the clean air act and the clean air act amendments, it struck me that one of the things we saw there was there was a lot of innovation, a lot of costs that were much, much lower than people anticipated, that a lot of things were driven toward that were not necessarily anticipated. i was curious whether each of you could comment about that? what your experiences and what you are seeing and if there are any particular states or other industries you think are looking at that? >> happy to comment, carol. i think that is a great question and one -- because most of the energy offices report to their governors, they have a particular focus on development. it is incredibly important and i think

carol werner: david? david terry: sure. a terrific question. we have several things going on in this area. first and foremost, i mentioned we had case studies we are working on. one of those is in the low income sector for retrofit of low income homes. the energy offices, as a group are always confirmed -- concerned about affordability. 26 of the offices run weatherization retrofit programs. most of that is federally supported. some of that is utility supported and private sector engagement. hundreds of millions of dollars a year investigated in the retrofit side of that across the country. those programs are very well monitored, measured, verified and the public dollars are guided very carefully. the benefits to the resident are multiple. certainly, help, comfort, safety. but most of their energy bills are supplemented. it lowers those costs. so that is another important piece of that. i would also say there is, you know, anonymous private voluntary efforts that are being captured. they have done over 4000 new efficient homes and guarantees th