catholic catholic right so they fortified the barricades and then the first missile from the other side came on us and then the second and then fire bombs and the war went on until the morning. when nobody being to my done when i passed by it i might stop and have a look but it's absolutely pointless she's meeting with us. and it will get worse that's what i think. i know the protesters received twenty five dollars a day. my eighteen year old son went to my dad and it's early days and got paid for it with it. although it was never really peaceful as the last one. when you're shooting yours we the priests have a great amongst ourselves that will do everything we're told for the sake of space if they tell us to lie down we'll lie down go jump will jump to stand we'll stand just so that we have peace. what's terrifying is that people are longing for war not to pace you have a sick need for a war. it's not healthy. to nobody and there were a lot of people on and around the barricades a lot but there weren't many among them who actually for. you as people say now that we do that with the so-

catholic? >> reformed catholic, maybe. >> stephen: come back in the water is fine. i have four brothers and four sisters and i'm right in the middle. >> troubled child. how fast you can name them? i have 11 in my family. >> really you want to go from top to bottom. >> should we race. >> stephen: one, two, three. jimmy, amy, mary, paul, peter, stephen. ( applause ) the album is called "st. vincent. of it's an incredible album. here's the thing. you're something of an art rocker-- if you don't mind the term-- can i enjoy your music or do i have to get it? i want to do the right thing. i do enjoy the music, but if there's something i'm not getting, i want to know if there's cliff notes or something like that. >> of course, yeah, yeah. >> stephen: is this like-- are there concepts in here or can i snap my fingers and still be a band? >> i think i've always tried to live at the intersection between accessibility and lunatic fringe. >> stephen: accessibility and lunatic. >> yeah. >> stephen: yeah. >> i think there's someplace in the middle is where i try to live and it's

aspect in the fall of 1938 says a converted jews that became catholic should be treated as jews not catholic and could not legally marry a catholic kim the pope was irate because it went against church doctrine if you were baptize you should be considered catholic and able to berry and other catholic but one of the major provisions had given the church's right to decide for church weddings what is a legitimate wedding registered with the state so it went directly against the agreement made with fanfare 1929. the complaints we go behind the scenes were entirely about this one issue never any vatican opposition to throw all the led jewish children out the schools or firing the teachers until the papal states were defeated in the '70s. >> pius xii is a very controversial figure and enigmatic almost but it sounds as if your research has shed new light or what baggage he brought. can you give us a sense of how you view during world war ii in light of what you know, with your research? >> many if you are aware there is pressure on the vatican to open the archives ever since they played the deputy became a controversy with his failure t

catholic support. italy was 90% catholic. the population was very much identified with the catholic church. mussolini needed the support of the pope for a couple reasons. not just the population catholic, but one of the largest opposition parties he had to face with the catholic party which had been endorsed by the previous pope, the popular party. ahead of the popular party was the priest. to come to power, he basically had to end the influence of the party and the best way he could do this would get the pope to withdraw the church support for that party in embracing. the other thing mussolini was concerned about was winning international legitimacy for what would be his dictatorship in the pope would play a very important role. now though, although the pope had made a steal in 1922 with mussolini, he had second thoughts, in recent years and now back to the scene on his last days on her, the last two years, seem to be thinking he was becoming a god himself. the other thing that really bothered the pope was the increasing embrace of hitler, a man pope pius the 11th despise. in the mid-30s gr

catholic here in the early 50s catholic? stuart mary. it was like growing up in dublin 200 years ago. the rulers at the edges on them, but will hang. she just died, so i'm almost free. i cannot muster a top web. they all had to be good-looking. the girls i got to class the racers hbead to good-looking and the way the nuns made their decisions totally autocratically. black-and-white milkshakes or chocolate. black-and-white mint b. nielsen. to remember this stuff? been in love with regina thomas from eighth grade to grade school and she never met. i've got to write that without my wife getting mad. it was a long time ago. he went around grde shol. so this one that i want to write about was tip. the funnest job, the funnest job i ever had, besides what i do which you can tell i get a kick out of a lot, especially monday to wednesday unexhausted by thursday. by friday i'm a wreck. but i still love it. billows everything. [laughter] loves the women. likes the girls. go get them. go girl, go. anyway, the best ever i the best ever pursuing speech is present, no doubt. it was the greatest job in the world. in your early '30s and you bop around. your writing speeches on a selectric, the plane takes off at 45 degrees and your typing the notes for the next stop. it was just unbelievable. i write about that in the book about what it was like to lose. got lost in seattle after it was already election day. the whole drama of being on the plane and we've already got the word. sort of like a james bond opening. james bond movies open with the one great scene and then the rest of the movie is about something else. to know what to me? if you get into it like one great thing. even to license like that with schwarzenegger, in the opening scene. i wanted to get the action going. my old english teacher said is like a great action writing. what's the greatest action writing ever? hannah melville. the last chapter is about it. attended the, i write about the pt-109. action writing. get you revved up. then i write about being with the toughest job ever in my life which is working for tip o'neill. i lucked into the biggest job in politics for me, the top guy fighting reagan the great communicator. the great irony is i grew up with liking reagan. we all liked him. he of course was the gipper. the hero of the notre dame movie. speaking of catholic school, one thing they did in catholic school when you're in third grade they bring in the movie projector to show you knute rockne all american so they can begin the indoctrination. this is your orientation as a catholic. he got to know the importance of notre dame. it's all about that team. they are never changing the name by the way. it will always be the fighting irish, always. somebody said it makes it look bad. well, we do fight. i was going to call this book donnybrook about reagan and tip fighting each other. i thought two irish guys fighting wasn't very newsy. two irish guys want to fight? that's interesting. no, it's not. it's boring. they always fight. but they did fight a law. that was the story when i was back there. then i realize when i began to study it, i look back on, yet, the public always ended up making a deal which is different than today. today they just fight. it's like to go down to car dealerships to haggle without any intent of buying a car. imagine, if you

catholic practices ath like, understood the -- practicing catholic, under the contract he resigned. >> this is a district attorney. >> it was difficult. he knew he had made a commitment to the school that he would uphold the catholic teachings, and when he was not able to attest tore live to the mission. he made the decision to resign. >> then the head of the school, sister mary tracy made a suggestion - a way for him to keep his job. did she ask you if you would annul your marriage? >> she never said annul. she said, "would you consider getting a divorce?" she said "if you did, we could perform a commitment ceremony and the school would probably pay for it." >> they told you you had violated the teachings of church by marrying a man. >> yes. >> and suggested you could get a divorce, which is also against the teachings of the church. >> that's correct. >> what did you think about that? >> well, again, i told them that i was not going to get a divorce. this was brazen, i couldn't believe anyone would ask me to do that. i love my husband, i love being married. it's justs very difficult to have someone say "in order to keep your job, will you get a divorce." >> it's a hypothetical "what if you got a divorce?" that wa

catholic institutions. >> the archbishop spokesman came to the door. >> the school decided it had to by faith of to its mission in the catholic school and the arch diocese supports of the school board in its decision. >> reporter: how does this square up with what the pope says about gays? >> well, you know, pope francis reminded us of the limitless mercy of god, and reminded us that as catholics we have a responsibility to live the fullness of catholic teaching, including the teaching ontraditional marriage. >> the school and the arch diocese are not enforcing other catholic teachings. >> prohibition against divorce, remarriage and contravention. the story is not going away. sister mary tracy resigned last week. many say it is not enough to end the controversy. >> friday is z day. supporters are urged to wear one the school colours, orange, and at 1:00 pm eastern time, to take a moment and stand up for mr z. >> if the student voice is strong use, this can carry, that is what started this, that's what continues to propel this for the students. >> the kids have been fantastic. i'm so proud and so honoured of catholic. >> we will be in charge of all of this. we will be able to make this change. right now this is how it starts. high school students challenging the catholic church in the name of equality. >> "america tonight" correspondent sheila macvicar will follow up. we are lo

catholic sell father. -- cemetery. >> catholics wouldn't be caught dead around all these damn lutherans., woody's cousin. he was a drunk. one time we were wrestling and he felt me up. grabbed a handful of boob and woody was right there and didn't have a clue, did you wody? (applause) >> stephen: is everyone in nebraska that honest? >> one. reasons i like living there is that people are fairly plain spoken. >> stephen: uh-huh, uh-huh r there reasons you would live there because i have been there. >> yeah. >> stephen: this time of year. >> grim. >> stephen: it is grim. it is in black and white, all the time. >> yup. >> stephen: with just the corn stubl, laid low like a sailor's beard on a shore leave. and the bleakness, the snow actually somehow makes it seem dirtier. >> yeah, well, now you know why i chose to shoot in black and white it captures that feeling. >> stephen: uh-huh. that might have actually been color film you were using. >> yeah, right. (laughter) >> stephen: the road trip this is a road trip in this movie. >> yup. >> stephen: father anson on a road trip. you've done several

my book if you are unhappy is to find any church probably one close to you if you're born catholic, though catholic, if your method is a methodist and go every week. it is the greatest single channel of happiness that you can systematically arranged for free into your life. all you have to do is show up, and you -- your life will improve. everybody is an expert on happiness. everyone could disagree with everything i have said here or not. i want to close by couple of words about happiness in politics. if you watched house of cards, it is widely regarded, kevin spacey, hbo, as an active portrayal of the poisonous life in washington, d.c. if you watch chris christie today, he was a sad man. if you read the excerpts of bob gates' memoir, it is burdened by greece. that's the grief of a sector of defense and the seriousness of sending young men and women off to war, some of them don't come back. some comeback terribly, terribly injured. it is a difficult thing to be in politics or the media and remain happy. so why do people do it? you have to ask yourself, why? because they are called by duty which is

catholic professor writing about capitalism and the jews? >> i don't think the fact i teach at a catholic university has been a major factor. i have been here much of my life and i have been productive here. i am not catholic, i am jewish, though. and that may have played some role. but on the hole, people respont respond to the arguments of the book >> how long have you been writing about capitalism? >> on and all throughout my professional life. i started in the later 1980s. i worked on a book called "the mind and the market" and that had to do with how modern people thought about capitalism and its moral and cultural ramifications. while i was working on that i published a book on adam smith calls "adam smith and his time in ours: designing a decent society" and after the "mind and the market """came out i contind think about this. and i had a piece called "capitalism and inequality and what the right and the left get wrong" and i am still working on that article. >> is there a date certain when it was founded? >> no. in fact, one of the interesting fallacies i think in writing the story was when i could find a starting point. and there was a debate on who was responsible for the capitalism and was it p

catholic. that's no disrespect to the catholic church. >> i get it. >> anybody who reads the book will understandean. >> deep recovery. and i think it's the biggest thing that i got from it is guilt. the guilt is ridiculous. i feel bad about everything. and that's reflected in the book as well. but also just damnation and fire and the devil and hell. that was horrible to deal with as a child. it was just so over the top. and i still can walk into a church and recite the whole mass. and it's really scary how ingrained. >> do you pray regularly? >> i do pray. isn't that crazy? i do still pray. >> it's not crazy, actually. i can understand it. because if you read the book, it's so -- in a way it's incredibly inspiring. the fact you came through all this and became this hugely successful star and actress and kept it together is miraculous. let's come back and talk about spike lee. because his movies made you hugely famous. but he's come out today with a great long spike lee rant about the gentrification of brooklyn. you're a brooklyn girl. i want to know is he right. >> i think he is. >> don't answer

catholic. i'm not super crazy catholic.oining us for this "bay area proud" special. you can always catch news stories tuesday and thursday on our 5:00 p.m. newscast. we post all of our stories on our website. just go to nbcbayarea.com/bayareaproud. [ female announcer ] at 100 calories, not all food choices add up. some are giant. some not so giant. when managing your weight, bigger is always better. ♪ ho ho ho ♪ green giant tomato florentine soup, it took a little time to get it just right. [ ding ] ♪ but finally, it happened. perfection. at progresso, we've got a passion for quality, because you've got a passion for taste. but add some sauce, pepperoni and cheese and fold up the crescent dough and presto, tuesday night just became crescent pizza pocket-tastic pillsbury crescents. make dinner pop. he loves me. he loves me not. he loves me. he loves me not. ♪ he loves me! that's right. [ mom ] warm and flaky in 15, everyone loves pillsbury grands! [ girl ] make dinner pop! >>> right now at 5:00 the rain returns. we'll show y

catholic, lutheran catholic, lutheran, methodis t, evangelical, a jewish jewish, orthodox, conservati islam, you don't have to practice any religion at all. it is a wonderful things that we have to practice as you please but it is not guaranteed. you have to protect and defend it to prepare your right to practice means defending the other person's right to defend there's. so the only way to go forward congress shall pass notes law establishing a state religion. . .

i'm not that religious, i'm catholic, but i'm not super crazy catholic, you know.god just put me here really to take care of the kids that don't have love in their life. >> thanks again for joining us for this "bay area proud" special. catch new stories every tuesday and thursday in our 5:00 p.m. newscast. we post all the stories on our website. just go to nbcbayarea.com/bayareaproud. have a great night and we'll see r own are fantastic. but add some sauce, pepperoni and cheese and fold up the crescent dough and presto, tuesday night just became crescent pizza pocket-tastic pillsbury crescents. make dinner pop. he loves me. he loves me not. he loves me. he loves me not. ♪ he loves me! that's right. [ mom ] warm and flaky in 15, everyone loves pillsbury grands! [ girl ] make dinner pop! ] everyone loves pillsbury grands! >> announcer: the following program is sponsored by operation smile. every year, hundreds of thousands of children are born with cleft lip and or cleft palate. >> dr. bill magee: why should any child, anywhere on this planet, have to live a life of

catholic school. a teacher at the catholic school in montana. the decision to fire was made by the helena diocese. should the same that recently had to file for bankruptcy due to 362 free sex abuse claims. it is unfortunate but justified due to the contract at the teachers' fund. had been employed nine years. >> after a concert in milwaukee. charges are pending against three people arrested monday and this case. they found the violin in the apartment of one of the suspects. hills made in 1715. >> prepared to shed electronic units. the model of the chicago auto show will take a look at the hottest trends in cars this year. klienlvin den >> bingo! >> it's a shame sadie isn't here today wins. she always coulda won the big prize. >> you know, that coulded her with some of jim's f have helps.uneral expense >> there wasn't any >>life insurance? no, there wasn't. i'd been trying to convince her to call penn progra about the colonialm. >> i have life insurance with them, too. my acceptance was guaranteed. >> well, i sho some life insurance for myself.uld get i'm gonna give them a call. p >> and now you ca

i'm catholic, but i'm not super crazy catholic, you know, but i sometimes feel that god put me here really the kids that don't have love in their life. >>> thanks again for joining us for this bay area proud special. we have posted all of our stories on our website. go to nbcbayarea.com/bayareaproud. have a great night and we'll se see you next time. ♪ it takes two to make a thing go right ♪ ♪ ♪ it takes two to make it outta sight ♪ ♪ ♪ it takes two to make a thing go right ♪ ♪ ♪ it takes two to make it outta sight ♪ ♪ [ female announcer ] only yoplait light and yoplait greek 100 are endorsed by weight watchers. so many delicious flavors that taste outta sight. >>> hi, everyone, welcome to "on the money." a wild week for the market. worries about emerging markets. the fed makes a move. what all that means to your money. americans retirement crisis. does president obama's plan help? are you saving enough. plus matt damon, bono, not just dropping names here. why they brought their star power to switzerland and how some big celebrities are adding to the resume. >> my dad used to say to me whe

it is a civil situation. >> that's right. >> secular. >> the catholic church -- >> they have equal rights. >> the catholicman and a woman is really about being one versus two, love versus not having love. that's what it's about. >> i have christianity, judaism, muslims, i have mormons, most of the world who regard this idea as being bizarre. that two men should get married. this idea that two men should get married because they are in love with each other, i don't know. >> you say love is important to marriag marriage. >> love is a condition of marriage is very new. if people were -- hopefully -- my daughter got married last july. hopefully she'll stay happily married. >> i can't even -- i don't know where to start that love is not a condition of marriage. i mean, really. >> duty and commitment. >> of course, but they grow from it. and the last point is this. you are in a tough spot. here's why other than just sitting across from me which is always not pleasant. here's the problem. these christians who are more of the extreme who take the bible as literal interpretation or they are following a specific pa

catholic church. >>> the vatican has ronned to the un's report, it called it distorted, unfair and ideologically slanted, but added it would study it thoroughly. and said the catholic church is committed to protecting children from abuse. jack va lair row is from catholicces. he joins us live from london. what is your response to the un report, jack? >> hello, i think it's a terrible report, full of so many mistakes it's hard to know where to start. i would summarize the problems in three areas. first, it takes absolutely no account of the history of abuse reform that has been going on in the catholic church in this the last 12 years. the guidelines and procedures that have been developed to tackle this problem which were very real -- >> and still ongoing. >> well, this is what is not true. because the procedures and guidelines that have been developed in the catholic church are the best in the world. this has been said by goes in the west. the catholic church has been the catalyst to change in the uk it has lead the change in many institutions, in schools, local authorities, other institutions -- >> if that is the case how come nobody has been brought to court for instance? how come there is nobody there -- >> lots of people -- hundreds of priests are

i'm catholic but i'm not, like, super crazy catholic, you know. care of the kids that don't have love in their life. >> thanks again for joining us for this "bay area proud" special. you can always catch new stories every tuesday and thursday in our 5:00 p.m. newscast. we've posted all our stories on our website. just go to nbcbayarea.com/bayareaproud. have a great night, and we'll see you next time. [ male announcer ] pillsbury grands biscuits. delicious, but say i press a few out flat, add some beef, sloppy joe sauce and cheese, fold it all up and boom! delicious unsloppy joes perfect for a school night. pillsbury grands biscuits. make dinner pop. so i should probably get the last roll... yeah but i practiced my bassoon. [ mom ] and i listened. [ brother ] i can do this. [ imitates robot ] everyone deserves ooey, gooey, pillsbury cinnamon rolls. make the weekend pop. everyone deserves ooey, gooey, pillsbury cinnamon rolls.

catholics tonight are being warned about a man posing as a priest. as we report, the fake priest has been celebrating mass and then asking for donations. >> reporter: a warning from the sacramento catholic disease. they say this individual is posing as a roman catholic priest or bishop inviting himself into the homes under false pretenses and celebrating mass. he is said to be focusing on the spanish-speaking community. >> my experience is that a lot of people in the mexican american and latino communities are welcoming and they enjoy being around their priest and it's like somebody is taking advantage of it. >> reporter: the diocese is also worried that this man is asking people for money. they have reports of trips funded to florida for an event. so just who is he? he has a facebook page filmed with religious references. they believe he's in a group in santa barbara and belongs to a church that split off from the catholic church 200 years ago or so. this father warns his sacramento congregation. >> we have to protect them from deceiving and from misbehavior. >> with any information on him, call local authorities. >>> it being a national freedom day people all over the world are trying to call attention to child slavery. one north bay girl is takin

catholic priest. he was ordained in st. louis. his wife and daughter were there. he is a member of the catholic church with roots in the middle east. many eastern catholic priests are married. for the most part it has been banned since the 1920's. it is not clear whether that move will open the door for married men. >> someone breached security and made the first video of the u.s. supreme court in session. no cameras are allowed inside the supreme court. an advocacy group got a camera past security. the group is pushing for campaign finance reform after the court ruled to ease restrictions on corporate campaign spending. the man was arrested and charged with violating federal law. court officials say they are reviewing security procedures. >> several city aldermen are deciding whether a building should be named after a crime fighter. they're against naming the bureau headquarters after elliot ness. he was from chicago and the leader of the untouchables. the city council committee will hear comments from the former irs agents. does not deserve credit for putting him behind bars and played no role in the prosecution. u.s. senators want to change the name

catholic reporter an independent catholic publication. good to see you, thank you for your time. i want to jump right in on this one. the report find the vatican, i just mentioned, systematically adopted policy that his allowed priest to his molest, rape, thousands of children over decades. what is your reaction to the u.n. report? >> well, i don't like that particular language. it's not like the vatican was encouraging priests to go out and do this. now, i mean that's silly. what the vatican and the church did was a very bad job in dealing with these priests when they got involved with abuse. that i was tragedy. this was terrible what was to these children. the now, the most part, these actions took place in the '60s, the '70s, the early '80s. >> father, you just said a bad job, is that understating the issue dramatically? >> of course it's a bad job. it was a terrible job. >> better. >> you know, these -- we should have responded to and dealt with these priests ride rite way. now we have in place policies that say any priest involved with abuse should never be allowed to be a priest again and is thrown out of the priesthood. in the last -- >> should they be turned over to prosecutors? >> the church policy is that the church, the local churches are to follow the laws of the local area. just as j.just this monday i had to go to a class here in washington, d.c. where we were reminded of our obligation to report any allegations of abuse, any cases of abuse that we became aware of. i mean, this is the policy in the united states right now. you have to report to the police any case of abuse. >> father i want to to stand by i want to run that piece and then more questions. >> reporter: the haven't a dead -- they are not willing to recognize the scale of the program or take responsibility for it. it accuses it of policies amount to go a cover up. >> the holy see has consistently placed the preservation of the reputation of the church and the protection of the perpetrators above children's best interests. >> reporter: the report lists many failings and has many recommendations. the church is still moving guilt a boozers from perish to perish to avoid prosecution, that must stop. there is still a code of silence whether it comes to reporting abuse, that must stop too. all known and suspected abusers must be removed. and reported to the police whenever they are. the church must pay compensation and provide rehabilitation to victims. pope francis has set up a new commission to deal with it. the committee says he must call on outside help and everything must be made public. the. >> the credibility of the church will always be at stake unless there is possibility of having total zero tolerance towards predator priests, protecting children to the hilt, all the protection that they need and they deserve. >> reporter: the report's tough stance will be welcomed by victims of abuse worldwide. the committee numbers them in the 10s of thousands. >> for so long, we have been disbelieved. for so long we have been criticized because the church said that we were only after money or we were anti-catholicorter: this is a real clash of cultures between the u.n. determined to uphold the rights of the child and the vatican. a higher ar hierarchy instituti. can pope francis change the atmosphere in to i change in the secretive culture of the catholic church. simon mcgregor wood, al jazerra, geneva father reese is back with us. boy in, that report there, it was noted that the moving of abusing priests from perish to perish continues. that has to stop, doesn't it? it has to top. >> my response to that is name names. tell us, where and we'll take care of it. we'll remove them. the policy of the holy see. the policy of the church is zero tolerance for abuse anywhere in the world. if it's not being implemented, then we need to know about it, we need to enforce it, we need to do it. but these sweeping allegations, i just -- they are not helpful. the policy is zero tolerance of abuse by priests anywhere in the world. >> -- that's the policy of the church. >> and it can stand by that position beca

familiar too because i grew up with rooting for the captive nations of eastern europe, catholic school, a lot of catholics went to school with us from ukrainian. we rooted like hell for them. we spent is the entire cold war avoiding face to face military conflict with the soviet union. we didn't want to fight him and i think we're on the same tricky slope right now. make our values clear but don't let it get to be the russia and putin who is very much like the soviet union fighting over turf. don't let it become that will because that is means real trouble. >> that, judy, is what you heard ambassador rice insist on, that's not how president obama wants this to be ued. >> that's right. you asked her ifs in a return to the cold war. you heard her say, that's not how we see it. and but for the united states, it is -- it is crucial in that it affects europe's stability. it's another plates. the u.s. needs russia right now to work with us on syria. you asked her about syria. the u.s. needs russia to work with us on iran. these are countries that have a direct relationship right now to some of the international

catholic charities, kim? >> there has been overt discrimination but this administration towards catholics and certain groups whether it is higher institutions of learning or colleges and hospitals. we've seen it across the board. and i would never question this president's religious beliefs but i do question and find disappointing his intolerance. >> so really, the intolerance is from the mayor, on the left, and the views he held of catholicsnot marching in the parade. which, by the way, mayor koch, and mayor bloomberg, everybody except comrade de blasio will march in the gay and lesbian parade. why doesn't he just march? >> tolerance for everybody unless you disagree with me, otherwise i will be intolerant to you. >> friends at the five, i enjoyed cooking. >> sean, i have a picture of us eating your steak. if you want a snap shot -- >> the think about the steak from "hannity," you know it is good quality. >> of course it is great quality, and i'm a good cook. >>> and coming up, it is the nanny state unhinged tonight. you wouldn't believe what your elected representatives want to ban now. and we sent our friend, cary pickett, at the nancy pelosi event. what do you think? we'll play it for you. and? >>> the continual statement, always being against the president, how many of you say, i'm against the president. >>> and our great american panel will respond next. >>> and tonight, his final show as the host of "the tonight sho

catholics around the world showed they think the catholic church is outdated and out of touch with them. to talk about that i'm joined by mass imo franco, a journalist. he wrote a book about the vatican. these are issues engrained with the catholic church tradition. can pope francis and the card analyse change that. >> first of all, he changed the approach. on some topics, there will not be major changes. i think about divorce couples which can remarry. at least there is a debate in the church, and francis wants to approach this prop in a different way. this is a major novelty. we must not undervalued it. >> in the basilica benedict xvi is in there making one of the few appearances. some things his presence makes it more diff for pope francis to make changes at all. is this what you thing? >> who knows. nor sure it's a correction. the real risk is there's conservatives using against his risk, pope benedict, pope emeritus as an adversary of reforms of pope francis. this is a question mark for the papacy. >> thank you for joining us mass imo. this meeting was a run-up of an important meeting of college of bishops that will take place. issues will be discussed again, and important changes on the topics, such as homosexualitily or d

catholics who then remarry to receive confession. well, the officials stance from the vatican and the catholic church is that if you get an official annulment through the catholic church you cannot get confession. now everybody seems to agree that needs to be scrapped. that will seem easy. one thing is to allow divorce and remarried clothes to receive confession. another is to change the catholic church's ideas and restrictions and when it comes to homosexuality, abortion, and birth control, pope francis is a strong voice and he has a strong drive for change. we'll see where he stands on that. >> tell us about the significance of the demographics from the cardinals. none from the united states and far more from the previously stated developing world. >> well, even more importantly is that more than half of them were from outside of europe. most of them usually are from europe, and many usually are from italy. but this time pope francis in accordance with his idea of far reaching church, they are mostly from south america and developing countries. well, that is, of course, him trying to shift the way for balance of power. but as you mentioned in your intro it's

catholic school professor been writing about jews? >> i don't think it has been a huge factor. i have been here most of my career. i am not catholic. i am jewish. and that may have played some role in it. but on the whole, i think people responded to the arguments of the book more than where i teach. >> how long have you been writing about capitalism? >> on and off for a lot of my professional life. i guess i started writing about it in the later 1980s. i worked on a book called "the mind and the market: cap capitalism and modern european thought" and it had to do with how modern thinkers thought about capitalism and its moral and culture ramifications. that ultimately came out in 2003. while i was working on that book i published another smaller bock on adam smith as a social and political thinker called "adam smith and his time in ours designing a decent society". and then i worked on jewish themes and continued to write and think about the history of capitalism. last year, in the march issue of the journal of foreign affairs i had a piece called "capitalism and inequality: what the right and left get wrong" and i am still working on that one. >> is there a date certain when it was founded? >> no. in fact one of the interesting fallacies in writing this history of capitalism is despite the notion of finding the starting point. there was a big debate about who was most responsible for the orig origins of capitalism. was it puritans or was it jews. it is more accurate to think it about capitalism as an extension of a process that has been going on for a long time. trade has been going on in one form or another for as far as as we know. for a lot of the middle ages, from the high middle ages on, there was substantial amount of commerce in europe, but it was confined to european islands within a larger agriculture sea. capitalism picked up a lot after about 1600 and since then it has expanded in its geographical range. first it was about trading things and then it moved into the realm of production and that is capitalism through wage labor. capitalism has gone through many stages and it is hard to find a point where it begins but one can see the expansion into more and more areas of the globe and life. that is one of the themes that interest me and i think i will explore in the 4th coming back and that is the many ramifications of the state and change of the function and family and its relationship to culture and define themselves and produce in the capitalist process. it is a process that has many ramifications >> we have talked about jews, you have mentioned the prodstants and pureitants, is there a connection between religion and capitalism? >> there are lots of connections, but it is hard to pin down. that is to say it is clear the actually doctrinal attitudes played a role in whether they went capitalist or not. the prohibition in medieval catholicism probably played a role in creating a space for others, in this case good part jews, to play a prodominent there. the stigma of lending money at interest had a retarding influence on some elements of muslim economic development. it is important to keep in mind there is often a big gap between what religion doctrine says people ought to be doing with their economic life and what they actually do. they are such links but they are difficult to pin down. calvinist in the early modern europe were disproportionately successful in capitalists economic activity in many parts of europe and in parts of the new world, too. vapor thought that had very little to do with the actual doctrines of calvins about money making. he thought it had more to do with the mentality that c calvanism created. they didn't want to overspend and emphasis work. and he thought this was important to economic success and calvinist success. it is striking that countries that were prodstent and catho c catholic, the prodstants would stand out. >> you are watching booktv on c-span 2. we are talking with jerry muller, who is a professor at a catholic university. here is his book "capitalism and the jews"