why celia? these are groups that want to talk about racism in the 21st century, cecilia is part of a narrative -- so celia is part of a narrative from a racism then, racism today. we still have racism in fulton. celia tells a long story of racism in this local community where she lived and died. finally, there have been two stage productions, one locally in fulton and the other in london, england. both dramatizations of celia's story, powerful bringing celia's story to mass audiences. but in both instances, playwrights taking important creative license to give celia words we know she never spoke. from all the records we have, we have no unmediated words of celia. celia's story reaching large audiences of becoming fictionalized. remember we talked about harriet tubman and the hillary clinton moment when she quotes tubman, the dangers of the fictionalization. with scholarsect coming back to the case is doing the work of trying to understand these new archives, these additional archival materials t

celia narrates the story. a justice of the peace listens to the story, writes his own interpretation, if you will, of her words. and then celia signs it with an x, but we are right to be skeptical about this sort of artifact, precisely because we know celia herself could not read and review the document, even though the x suggests she somehow assented to its content. we know literacy is a piece. a number of you mentioned isolation. isolation in celia's story takes a number of forms, doesn't it? jacobs lives in a small town where she has regular access -- we will come back to her family, but even in the intercourse of with free-day life, african-americans, other white people in edenton, jacobs has a kind of world that becomes critical to understanding how she resists the doctor and ultimately how she escapes. it is that proximity to other people. celia, by contrast, you are absolutely right. what her life was like in audr county, we can't say. we do not know. we certainly know when she makes that brief migratio

celia case.at we have in the record are sworn testimonies prior to the trial as part of the inquest. some of the figures local farmerers who came to the farm have talked with the family. talked with celia. talked with george.e cd theyc]ck provide sworn statements to the inquest body as they determine whether or not celia should be indicted for murder. so here william powell who we know is a local farmer tells us something of what we know about this i think important, but again hard to figure out figure. that's george. i don't know about you. after i read celia's case the first time george was one of the most intriguing important but difficult to situate figures. you have read some of mclauren's interpretation of george. today we'll back up a little bit and come back to the evidence. i want to ask how you think we should understand the role of oh george in the story based upon the testimony we have. here william powell a local farmer. he's relating his confrontation with george the day after newso

retell in a sense celia's story, celia's version of events.f the things that becomes clear at trial, while there is facts in dispute, and we'll come back to a couple of them, the core of celia's story is never in dispute. there never is a question about her relationship to newsom the long standing sexual abuse to which she's been subjected and even how with her third child, she has become sick and has tried to avoid and to fend off newsom's sexualed a ed aadvances even before striking him with the club. this story celia's own story is one that we see in parts adopted by the local farmers who have investigated the case, by members of the newsom family themselves and ultimately by the court, this core narrative is one on which everyone comes to agree. celia is ultimately found guilty by a local jury, we'll come back to the jury dynamics in our discussion. she is sentenced to death by hanging. there's a curious interlude that i think we know too little about still, celia is secreted out of the jail and avoids the initial hanging date because she'

teach celia. but the work continues. celia still is not as well remembered as that other 1850s missouri case involving slavery, dred scott versus sanford a case that we've mentioned and many of you know about in which an enslaved man sues for his freedom having been brought to free territory, ultimately decided by the supreme court that he is a slave. the dred scott case is one we study and read and situate in the canon of slavery and law. celia, perhaps not yet, has not quite made it to that sort of space, but there are important local figures who have worked to preserve the memory of celia. so i want to just point to some of these in closing. here in 1995 on the left you see margaret bush wilson. wilson was -- now deceased but was a long-standing and much-admired attorney, civil rights attorney in st. louis, missouri. and she herself learned of celia's story and became much admiring of celia and wanted to work to help to remember celia and to bring her story to light. she commissions in the 1990

lawful as itly applies to celia? >> it makes the assumption that woman in question has lived, in ill fact. i know that as a slave no such recog will exists, that is why they cl didn't recognize her self defense claim.man a >> itga is any woman against her ns will. the key questions here, that court must implicit lyly ask itself, is celia a woman with ill will? does she hass a will, such that shehe c can resist? >> s >>. >> to orderl something to the es, but slaves but that upon convictioneof sa therefore, those two things -- >> here, every person, being including nusome, upon coul conviction, could nusome have been convicted? could he have been convicted in the same local court for the defilement of celia? >> less so about her will and about more, if it was unlawfully against her will. >> slpt, excellent.bout excellent, close reading.s here we have a judge a slave holding man enslaved woman, is the will of the master absolute. that celia has no will to resist. is the phrase, any woman actually implicitly qualified? d

first, there is very little for us to say about celia's young life. we don't meet her in a formal sense in the historical rd

un minuto se convirtiera en horas- horas en dias , dias en mese o anos era horrible" y asi es como celiaresto en una de la redadas celia alejandra alvarez/ arrestada en operativo de arpaio "estaba trabajando, simplemente estaba trabajndo. eso es todo." ella es una de 780 personas quienes enfrentaron cargos criminales super lydia guzman / respeto "supuestamente estaba enforzando esta ley- y cuales empleadores fueron sancionados" el proposito d ela ley era sancionar a empleadores que contrataban a personas indocumentadas pero desde el 2008 cuando la ley entro en vigor tan solo un empleador a enfrentado cargos- los otros eran empleados quienes enfrentaban cargos con agravantes lo que significa que nunca podrian entrar al pais de manera legal- la organizacin puente y otros grupos presentaron una querella legal diciendo que la unidad era inconstitucional super carlos garcia / puente "vamos a continuar con nuestra demanda pidiendole al juez que haga esto permanente no solo para arpaio pero que ninguna otra agencia pueda hacer esto: siempre desafiante arpaio dijo que esta culminando una ultima

celia's lawyers, you will recall, have attempted to introduce offend and to argue that celia, while sheled newsom newsom, is not guilty of first degree murder. why? because by missouri law, an individual who understands him or herself to be the imminent victim of a felony to be in the imminent fear of body harm has the right to respond to that

. >> la doctora coincide con celia y mercedes y dice que para llevar una vida sana ademÁs de moderarortante en la vida tan importante como otras acciones que hacemos. >> la doctora asegura que una vida sexual activa tienes muchos beneficios para la salud. muchas personas que estÁn deprimidas no quieren sexo pero si tienen sexo por ejemplo es uno de los indicadores que va a aumentar la felicidad. >> estudios publicados indican que el sexo es mejor para la felicidad que el dinero. >> con el dinero uno no puede hacer nada pero con el sexo si porque si es una persona que tu quieres mucho olvÍdate quieres matarlo. >> new jersey se encuentra entre los estados que estÁ menos preparados para enfrentar el brote de alguna enfermedad infecciosa. las autoridades estatales de salud cuestionaron los resultados ya que en la semana otro reporte hablaba de los bajos niveles de reportes en el estado jardÍn. ya regresamos! >>hoy tenemos un dÍa soleado con temperaturas en los 40. >>la temperatura mÁxima esta tarde con la brisa se ha sentido 37-39 en horario de mÁximo calor. la brisa ha estado moderada p

. >>> celia jimÉnez es de guatemala dice que aquÍ pudo hacer su sueÑo realidad. >>> encuentro lea oportunidadltima dÉcada aquÍ se ha duplicado la comunidad inmigrante y los reciben muy bien. >>> mexicanos son lo mayorÍa. >>> viven personas demÁs de 20 paÍses guatemala, el salvador. >>> reo que aquÍ entendemos que no solo esas familia se beneficia cuando le ofrecemos recursos y oportunidades para moverse, sino que la comunidad en general. se beneficia cuando tenemos inmigrantes que traen un espÍritu emprendedores. >>> por eso no es casualidad que el presidente barack obama escogiÓ esta ciudad para promover un mejor proceso de integraciÓn de los inmigrantes a la sociedad estado unidense y defendiÓ nuevamente sus acciones ejecutivas. >>> el presidente tambiÉn se reuniÓ con la comunidad y respondiÓ a preguntas, muchos tenÍan la misma preocupaciÓn qÉe pasarÁ con las personas que se verÁn beneficiados ahora por la acciÓn diferida despuÉs que el deje el poder? >>> porque no sabemos que va a pasar con la siguiente administraciÓn, y quÉ pasa si ellos revocan esta acciÓn ejecutiva y especialmente las p

next, professor martha jones talked about the mid-19th century court case of celia, a female slave who killed her master after repeated sexual assaults. the class discusses what options she may have had, and the involvement of her fellow slaves

here being experts in the field are familiar with it but public safety realignment is as john peter celia has described as a titanic shift in the criminal justice system. a law called a.d. 109 shifted the primary responsibility for incarceration in the state of california from the state prison system to the local counties. it localized essentially our criminal justice system. by doing so you did a couple of things. one, first and foremost is that had an immediate reduction in prison population not because it opened the doors to these prisons. -- to release prisoners. in fact public safety realignment did not do that but it change the issue of the source that went into the prison system. in other words it was essentially the law equivalent of the spigot to the faucet for hose. what is was a change to goes into the prison system and how. so whereas you have the vast majority of crimes are felonies that would lead to imprisonment in our state prison system which led to the overcrowding problem, we now have a system through public safety realignment for the vast majority of crimes specificall

[laughter] >> we also have administrator, secretary arnie -- director celia munoz, we have secretary thomas perez -- >> good afternoon. >> and director katherine arc arcchuletta. >> do you want me to start? is my mic on? is this working? okay, perfect. you've heard plenty from me, so i won't say much. i just wanted to reflect a little bit personal limit as my kids were growing up, and they grew up very much in the outdoors of the pacific northwest, we used to sail. we'd go on sailing vacations together. we'd trail it behind the car, drop it in the water. and every night when we went to bed, we'd plug in a cassette tape. you may not know what that is -- [laughter] and then it became a tv of a -- cd of a wonderful storyteller, johnny moses. do you know johnny? some of you may. you know him? all right. [applause] so we first heard johnny when we visited friends in decatur island in the san juan islands, and he would tell these incredible stories, creation stories, stories usually of rascally animals of the pacific northwest. so we'd play those because the kids had seen them, we'd play t

here being experts in the field are familiar with it but public safety realignment is as joan peter celia, stanford law school has described it, a titanic shift in the criminal justice system. because what public safety realignment is a law called a.b. 109 essentially did was shifted the primarily responsibility for incarceration in the state of california from the state prison system to the local counties. it localized essentially our criminal justice system. by doing so you did a couple of things. one, first and foremost is that had an immediate reduction in our prison population not because it opened the doors to release prisoners. in fact public safety realignment did not do that but it changed the issue of the source that led into the prison system. in other words it was essentially the law equivalent of the spigot to the faucet or the hose. what it did was it changed who goes in to the prison system and how. so whereas you have the vast majority of crimes are felonies that would lead to imprisonment in our state prison system which led to the overcrowding problem, we now have a syst

teach celia. but the work continues. celia still is not as well remembered as that other 1850s missouri case involving slavery, dred scott versus sanford a case that we've mentioned and many of you know about in which an enslaved man sues for his freedom having been brought to free territory, ultimately decided by the supreme court that he is a slave. the dred scott case is one we study and read and situate in the canon of slavery and law. celia, perhaps not yet, has not quite made it to that sort of space, but there are important local figures who have worked to preserve the memory of celia. so i want to just point to some of these in closing. here in 1995 on the left you see margaret bush wilson. wilson was -- now deceased but was a long-standing and much-admired attorney, civil rights attorney in st. louis, missouri. and she herself learned of celia's story and became much admiring of celia and wanted to work to help to remember celia and to bring her story to light. she commissions in the 1990

the 60 paces from the house to the cabin, to in some sense try to inhabit celia's world, to try and be closer in some sense to her and her experience. i think we would all say there was not much evidence here. it was extraordinary, powerful to walk for an afternoon the walk celia had walked those many years ago. we will stop here. when i see you next time, we will continue with this theme of history, memory, and myth by looking at the case of sojourner truth. you will read the extraordinary biography and look at the ways in which painter tries to pull apart history from myth in the life of the extraordinary figure. thank you all very much. have a great day. i will see you all on thursday. tonight as the u.s. capitol historical society awards congressman john lewis the 2014 freedom award in statuary hall. during the 1960's soul rights movement, lewis served as chairman of the student nonviolent coordinating committee and helped organize the march on washington and voting rights march from selma to montgomery. that is tonight on american history tv. >> each week, we take you to museums a