question to go karma cuts and over she is the director for the international organizations and nonproliferation program at the center for nonproliferation studies that thank you very much for joining us on our program now as we said around forty nuclear armed countries will not sign so how effective can this really be is it likely to ever be implemented. hi and thanks for having me well there are only a nine countries in the world that actually have nuclear weapons or are known to have nuclear weapons so they are are quite a small minority if you think about it the rest of the countries that boycotted negotiations are mostly the allies of those nuclear weapon states and as you said the nuclear arms states and a lot of their allies will not be joining the treaty today or in the very near future but those who pushed for the treaty and hugo sheeted it didn't have illusions on that front because the main idea behind this bringing up this treaty was to create a normal to prohibit to really send a message that the international community does not believe nuclear weapons are an acceptable or legitimate instrument or security so there is that as the mo

antonio good terrorists or joshua pollack is a senior research over the james martin center for nonproliferation studies at the middleborough institute for international studies he is joining us and skype from washington d.c. thank you for your time we've heard no doubt sure that you're aware very. provocative and aggressive increasingly aggressive language on all sides of this incident there is also been a lot of speculation that japan and south korea may start reexamining the amount of its amount of their defensive capabilities how concerned are you that we're actually getting to the stage of some sort of arms race in the region. well i think an arms race has been underway for some time in many ways it is been an off and difference race for japan which has been building up missile defenses and not offensive systems but the south koreans have been building up offensive systems in fact they just tested two of their own missiles shortly after the north korean test today one of which seems to have failed but the arms race has has been going on for a while now and it shows no sign of slowing down the south