and also in central europe, with the cold war and's, where it goes to the centrality of eastern europe or a central .urope now is the redefinition of what eastern europe is. this emergence of -- we see a lot of history repeating itself. let me elaborate on that in terms of repeating, history repeating itself, and then point to differences that we have today. the first is between stalin and poutin. anothert see soviet/russian leader that would accumulate as much influence and quite independent from institutions and bodies like politburo or whatever. it is someone who can really make decisions on his own with very little consultations with the people around him. it looks like the annexation of crimea is one of those cases. putin is also a very strong negotiator. even writing,for, if he had a possibility to select negotiators, stalin would be on his team. stalin was doing his homework. stalin was in control of details. so an externally strong .egotiator putin in many ways is the closest we can get in soviet to appear in all of those accounts. then he redefined eastern europe is identified

big market it brings germany to the position to become a hub for europe you know giving gas to central europe but also to northwest europe . by opinion there will be no doubt that as a project of companies of private companies will be realized that is appreciate your time on your views my guess math is political analyst at the berlin center for caspian region studies. plus more news coming up after a short break. we have a great team we need to strengthen before the freefall world called and better than a legend to keep it so it's at the back. in one thousand nine hundred two that must qualify for the european championships at the very last moment no one believed in us but we won and i'm hoping to bring some of that winning spirit to the r.c.t. . recently i've had a lot of practice so i can guarantee you that peter schmeichel will be on the best form since my last will come closer as we. know the old joke was. left left left more or less ok stuff that's really good. will come back at least ninety five people have been killed and more than one hundred sixty injured following a large explosion

together, the parks make up the largest primeval forest area in central europe.he landscape for a long time. now it is nature again, and that attracts numerous visitors. ♪ the park agencies also cooperate on book publications. most are available with texts in both german and czech. the man responsible for this is pavel huben, the director of umava national park. but he faced a lot of opposition. >> both national parks, and both directors, are working toward the same goal. we want these parks to develop together, with the same conservation policies. and we both have similar ideas on how to do that. >> in appreciation of this cooperation, the european union has provided subsidies totalling more than six-million euros over the last two years. that money is also welcomed by the bavarian national park administration. director franz leibl says this kind of co-operation shows that european nations can work well together. he explains why the program works. >> we talk to each other a lot, and we trust each other. we try to find things that we have in common, and then put

together the parks make up the largest primeval forest area in central europe. human shape the landscape for a long time now it's nature again and that attracts numerous visitors. the park agency is also to cooperate on book publications most are available with texts him both german and check. the man responsible for this is powerful who been a the director of the national park party faced a lot of opposition. to the war but. when you go through both national parks and both directors are working toward the same goal. we want these parks to develop together with the same conservation policies. and we both have similar ideas on how to do that. in appreciation of this cooperation the european union has provided subsidies totaling more than six million euros over the last two years. that money is also welcomed by the bavarian national park administration. director finance libels says this kind of cooperation shows that european nations can work well together. he explains why the program works. i think you didn't talk to each other a lot and we trust each other. we t

that seriously because he could risk nuclear war out of the urgency to change the status quo in central europe. and de gaulle said, i disagree with you completely. let the soviets sign a piece treaty with east germany. it does not matter. it is just a piece of paper. kennedy said, i do not agree with that at all. that would shift a sense of opportunity and burden of power to east berlin, which might lead to even more risk-taking in europe. which youbasic debate will see over and over again about different countries and different leaders. do you leave them alone or do you engage? and is the engagement, the decision to engage, somehow threatening to your own standing at home or abroad? it turns out that de gaulle was wrong. and we really only knew how saw the was when we soviet materials about 15 years a vladimir putin government declassified the resolutions and transcripts of the bureau from 1950-1964. it turns out that khrushchev was revising the cold war settlement in europe. he was a revisionist. he was not seeking more security through reducing nuclear danger, he was prepared to take advant

this massive area of high pressure, that's influencing the weather across much of northern and central europeuch progress against that massive blocking area of high pressure. it means where we start off with outbreaks of rain in western areas, that rain band will probably be in the same kind of errors right way through the day. but further across central and eastern england and central and eastern scotland, for the vast majority of us for much of the day it's going to be drive extensively cloudy, but a bit of breeze around. a few gaps in the cloud to allow some brighter moments. there is the forecast through saturday night. this weather front in the west will fizzle overnight with a bit of rain going in across north—west england, into central and eastern areas of scotland. the winds fall light across england. we could get some mist and fog patches, with maybe the cloud thickening up a bit to allow drizzle on sunday. but for sunday, another cloudy one for most of us. a change coming into the north—west. we will see another atlantic fronts moving in. this one bringing some heavy rain and fairly

this massive area of high pressure, that's influencing the weather across much of northern and central europeocking area of high pressure. it means where we start off with outbreaks of rain in western areas, that rain band will probably be in the same kind of areas right the way through the day. but further across central and eastern england and central and eastern scotland, for the vast majority of us for much of the day it's going to be dry but extensively cloudy, a bit more of a breeze around. a few gaps in the cloud to allow some brighter moments. there is the forecast through saturday night. this weather front in the west will fizzle overnight with a bit of rain going in across north—west england, into central and eastern areas of scotland. the winds fall light across england. we could get some mist and fog patches, with maybe the cloud thickening up a bit to allow drizzle on sunday. but for sunday, another cloudy one for most of us. a change coming into the north—west. we will see another atlantic front moving in, this one bringing some heavy rain and fairly strong winds with it, but th

recta off to europe and central asia division of human rights watch. where you executive director had to say that europe has come in for a lot of criticism in the report by your organization give us give us more about what are your reasons for concern i mean had to do with the e.u. our headline this year is that the e.u. has been treating human rights as an optional extra and that certainly is the case to do with refugee migration policy the focus has been very much on securing borders keeping refugees away rather than giving them a humanitarian treatment when they arrive and applying a fair. refugee policy across the continent the efforts to push refugees away to places like libya and turkey are of serious concern. and the rise of populous as we said in countries like austria has been fueling anti immigrant anti asylum seeker messages across europe now describing human rights as an optional extra is a very damning criticism and one of the central concerns is that europe seems to have outsourced its refugee asylum politics beyond the borders of europe o

there is also the increasing threat of the red army occupying central europe, building a new societyehind "the iron curtain." the western european democracies come to the u.s. and say we need a military alliance. vandenberg road the vandenberg resolution that enables legislation for the u.s. to join nato. he dropped out of the university he was a bit of a wonder can in in 1907,n journalism. he dealt a house sending grand rapids where he lived the rest of his life. brian: how often was he married? hendrik: he was married to his high school sweetheart who died of a brain tumor quite young in her early 30's, in 1918, left him with three small children. the following year, he remarried. an acquaintance he became reacquainted with at the university michigan, he remarried, married her and was married until her death in 1950. so he was twice widowed. brian: here's some video showing his wife hazel and the daughter. [video clip] >> these headlines certainly sound like more war in europe. hope america has sense enough to mind her own business and stay out of these foreign troubles. if we crea

there is also the increasing threat of the red army ,ccupying central europe building a new society behindthe iron curtain." the western european democracies come to the u.s. and say we need a military alliance. vandenberg road the vandenberg that enables legislation for the u.s. to join nato. he dropped out of the university of michigan, ran out of money and a back and got a job as a reporter. brian: where did he live all of his adult life? age of 21, hee became the editor of "the grand rapids herald." he was a bit of a wonder can -- wonder kid. in 1907, he built a house in grand rapids where he lived the rest of his life and died in 1951. brian: how often was he married? hendrik: he was married to his high school sweetheart who died of a brain tumor quite young in her early 30's, in 1918, left him with three small children. the following year, he remarried. an acquaintance he became reacquainted with at the university michigan, he remarried, married her and was married until her death in 1950. so he was twice widowed. brian: here's some video showing his wife hazel and the daughter. [vid

anti immigrant anti asylum seeker messages across europe now describing human rights as an optional extra is a very damning criticism and one of the central concerns is that europe seems to have outsourced its refugee asylum politics beyond the borders of europe one of the human rights concerns on this well we've been documenting last year on several. asians very severe human rights abuses in libya rape of women severe beatings of refugees in refugee camps their abuse of children too and the e.u. is cooperating with your thought is in libya they should be stopping that cooperation until conditions are right for for refugees to be treated there they should stop the cooperation with with the coast guard as well until the conditions are right so the e.u. should be taking its own responsibility rather than working with going to countries where abuses are rife you know there are obviously huge causes for concern from your perspective but in your report other any areas they think progress has been made in human rights well as my director ken roth says where there's been principled politicians and popular protest against or thora tarion or popul

disagree on how dire that threat was, there was no disagreement an iron curtain had descended across central europe, and suddenly there was only one european power. it was the soviet union. its aspirations appear to be in direct conflict with ours. and we couldn't afford to see democracies fail in western europe. brian: the makeup of the united states senate from the time he came in, 1928, we show 29 on the screen there, and if you look, under the democrats, that's the number that were in the senate. 96 members of the senate during these years. hawaii and alaska had not come in. they didn't come in until late 1959 and 1960. you can see on the screen there that the numbers, for instance, in 1939, there were 69 democrats. right before that there was 75. that there were only -- the early part of his time anti-last part of his time where the republicans were even close to having any kind of control, what impact did that have him on as a republican in the senate? henry: he had come of age in a city, state, even in a country that was generally voting republican. woodrow wilson became president when there

together the parks make up the largest primeval forest area in central europe human shape the landscape for a long time now it's nature again and that attracts numerous visitors. to. the park agencies also cooperate on book publications most are available with texts him both german and check. and. the man responsible for this is powerful who been a the director of the national park party faced a lot of opposition. to the work. when you. both national parks and both directors are working toward the same goal. we want these parks to develop together with the same conservation policies. and we both have similar ideas on how to do that. in appreciation of this cooperation the european union has provided subsidies totaling more than six million euros over the last two years. that money is also welcomed by the bavarian national park administration. director fans like bill says this kind of cooperation shows that european nations can work well together. he explains why the program works. we talk to each other a lot and we trust each other. we try to find things that we have in common with and

this massive area of high pressure, that's influencing the weather across much of northern and central europecking area of high pressure. it means where we start off with outbreaks of rain in western areas, that rain band will probably be in the same kind of areas right way through the day. but further across central and eastern england and central and eastern scotland, for the vast majority of us for much of the day it's going to be drive extensively cloudy, but a bit of breeze around. a few gaps in the cloud to allow some brighter moments. there is the forecast through saturday night. this weather front in the west will fizzle overnight with a bit of rain going in across north—west england, into central and eastern areas of scotland. the winds fall light across england. we could get some mist and fog patches, with maybe the cloud thickening up a bit to allow drizzle on sunday. but for sunday, another cloudy one for most of us. a change coming into the north—west. we will see another atlantic fronts moving in. this one bringing some heavy rain and fairly strong winds with it, but this one wi

progress because we have this high—pressure influencing the weather across much of northern and central europest. we start off with raining western areas through saturday morning. the rain will probably still affect the same sorts of areas by the end of the afternoon. allen west it's a wet day. central and eastern scotland for the vast majority staying dry. a lot of cloud around. a few breaks in the cloud due to the slightly stronger winds. saturday night the front tends to fizzle. a bit of damp weather working across north—west england and central and eastern areas of scotland by the end of the night. the winds falling like in england. we could get a few mist and fog actors, especially over the hills. maybe some spots of drizzle into sunday. sunday, another cloudy one. little overall change. towards the north—west there is another atla ntic the north—west there is another atlantic front moving in, bringing windy weather and outbreaks of rain. heavy by the end of the day. the weather front is important and will bring a big change to the weather. through sunday night its wings southwards and ea

this massive area of high pressure, that's influencing the weather across much of northern and central europehigh pressure. it means where we start off with outbreaks of rain in western areas, that rain band will probably be in the same kind of errors right way through the day. but further across central and eastern england and central and eastern scotland, for the vast majority of us for much of the day it's going to be drive extensively cloudy, but a bit of breeze around. a few gaps in the cloud to allow some brighter moments. there is the forecast through saturday night. this weather front in the west will fizzle overnight with a bit of rain going in across north—west england, into central and eastern areas of scotland. the winds fall light across england. we could get some mist and fog patches, with maybe the cloud thickening up a bit to allow drizzle on sunday. but for sunday, another cloudy one for most of us. a change coming into the north—west. we will see another atlantic fronts moving in. this one bringing some heavy rain and fairly strong winds with it, but this one will be a big p

this massive area of high pressure, that's influencing the weather across much of northern and central europef high pressure. it means where we start off with outbreaks of rain in western areas, that rain band will probably be in the same kind of errors right way through the day. but further across central and eastern england and central and eastern scotland, for the vast majority of us for much of the day it's going to be drive extensively cloudy, but a bit of breeze around. a few gaps in the cloud to allow some brighter moments. there is the forecast through saturday night. this weather front in the west will fizzle overnight with a bit of rain going in across north—west england, into central and eastern areas of scotland. the winds fall light across england. we could get some mist and fog patches, with maybe the cloud thickening up a bit to allow drizzle on sunday. but for sunday, another cloudy one for most of us. a change coming into the north—west. we will see another atlantic fronts moving in. this one bringing some heavy rain and fairly strong winds with it, but this one will be a big

for instance there are allegations that the right wing parties here bill gary are just as in central europe i have found that by russia there is having the russian propaganda like russia today like sputnik who is me who is news are directly transmitted via the bulgarian yes sure. daniel conic director of the frederick nauman foundation for freedom in sofia bulgaria joining us tonight we appreciate your time thank you for being on the day thank you very much. and from one extreme and extremity of europe to another from bulgaria to britain and we've got used to those brim owners calling for a new referendum on bragg's it but for many breaks and tears that would be nothing short of treason more now the man who many thought of as mr briggs it himself he has waded into the fray accusing prime minister theresa may of selling breaks it short you know who i'm talking about here's mr nigel for iraq. they will go on winning and whining and moaning all the way through this process so maybe just maybe i reached the point of thinking that we should have a second referendum on because in a lot of members

secretary of state directors and said the pipeline would leave central europe vulnerable to russian pressure in the north stream to pipeline starts and russia and travels underneath the valve dixie bypassing poland and other baltic countries completely as you see it there russia's gas brum is a lead member of the consortium planning to build the pipeline it also includes two major german energy providers and former german chancellor. is the north stream board member promoting the project. russian natural gas is set to flow through a stream to the german baltic sea ports of move kron at the end of next year former german chancellor gerhard schroeder heads the project. we need the gas and it's the cheapest that we can get anyone who understands energy policy knows that if the. rejected criticism that the pipeline would allow the kremlin to cut off eastern europe energy supply. obviously there are fears in the baltic and poland for historical reasons but that cannot shape today's policy because these countries are members of nato and the e.u. they have all the security they need. he said nord s

this massive area of high pressure, that's influencing the weather across much of northern and central europe that massive blocking area of high pressure. it means where we start off with outbreaks of rain in western areas, that rain band will probably be in the same kind of errors right way through the day. but further across central and eastern england and central and eastern scotland, for the vast majority of us for much of the day it's going to be drive extensively cloudy, but a bit of breeze around. a few gaps in the cloud to allow some brighter moments. there is the forecast through saturday night. this weather front in the west will fizzle overnight with a bit of rain going in across north—west england, into central and eastern areas of scotland. the winds fall light across england. we could get some mist and fog patches, with maybe the cloud thickening up a bit to allow drizzle on sunday. but for sunday, another cloudy one for most of us. a change coming into the north—west. we will see another atlantic fronts moving in. this one bringing some heavy rain and fairly strong winds with i

policies but in the bizzare an ember heaney and four is the largest continuous forest area in central europe german and czech conservationists have found an issue that both countries agree on. powerful batch came here with the intention of doing research on black grouse hazel grouse and would grouse the shiny bugs live in the national parks on both sides of the check but that border. it's not hard overnight so pava won't be able to find any of the its tracks. these species are disappearing from commercial woodland.

studio also a representative of human rights watch to williamson he is the director of the europe and central asia division of human rights watch thank you so much for joining us you nice to be here what you say is the overall message in this report as my director ken roth says where there's been people standing up to a populist political leaders then there's been some progress on human rights or at least efforts to hold back severe criticism if you take the elections in france in two thousand and seventeen for instance the victory of president raul shows that people were willing to turn away from a populist message an embrace somebody who was standing off with human rights a small example in hungary for instance the government was trying to shut down an important university the central european university in budapest that didn't happen because people went out and protested against it even in the u.s. there was resistance to some of president trump's measures on migration on health on women's rights and so on so there was some some some progress despite a whole series of serious setbacks on h

they restrict immigrants from southern and central europe. they shut down from eastern asia. we will talk about that next week. 1d it in 1929, a group called the black chamber made of people from the state department and army intelligence. the u.s. telegraph companies like western union had provided the black came ber wihamber wit and outgoing cable traffic. this is shut down by henry stimson. he specifically opposes spying on the u.s.'s diplomatic allies, not spying in general. he said, gentlemen, don't read each other's mail. this is also a supreme court case at the end of the '20s that deals with wiretapping. weighing whether or not tapping into someone's phone conversation, you have to imagine this is early on in this period where there are phones, does that violate the fourth amendment? here is what it says. the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and affects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation and particularly describing the pl

rush moves into eastern and central europe and builds a good part of its european empire. there are people who go from one place to another but the reason why they and the u.s. is the expansion of the russian borders and the russian empire. in that sense, ideological differences predate reagan and wilson. but given the difference in the 18th and the 19th and 20th century, they are not in direct war with each other. whennly case known to me, russia trades territory for money is alaska. russia has to have a partner whom it would trust. so it is very unusual, a very unusual part of the story. on the other hand, in the 20th century we have at least twice the presence of american military on russian or soviet territory. the first happened during the revolution back in the second this is thed subject that frank studied and i am working on now, the american bases. the revolution, world war ii, we are at where my focus enters the picture. i start the paper with this quote from stalin. it's the essence of leninism, stalin saying in 1924. when the world moves closer to world war ii,

boris yeltsin had already reluctantly accepted the fact that nato was going to move in central europe. three of the former republics would also be in nato. yeltsin with one-on-one, bill, i want to do the following. i want to find a closet somewhere. , don't in might year worry, boris, we will never bring in the baltic states. and what matalin was talking about kicked in. and by the way, we are going to do it. but you don't want to be caught trying to stop these now for taking states advantage of an international institution that will have a better future. and if you can think of it in it andy and try to stop , andive russia being part you will go down in history. and president clinton afterwards. argument, yeltsin basically melted and said, ok, you win. >> president clinton is an ,ptimal combination of charm intellectual curiosity. when you put those three it is hard tor, see an awkward situation. it will be al gore. i can see president clinton. that moment was the financial crisis. canada and vancouver, i guess. japan wasminister of extremely concerned. it had been in the conversatio

this is another suggestion for the way you might order central europe. this was going to be four states, a czechoslovakia state which doesn't quite correspond with the boundaries they created, the claims of the yugoslavia, the claims of serbia and mont negative gro as they existed and another state just called corridor. i'm not really sure what they thought they would accomplish by this but it shows the many ways that they're thinking and one problem that they quickly realize that they've run into is that it's possible, it may just be possible, to create states that will be ethnically hoe moth anus. it may also be possible to create states that can feed themselves and it may be possible to create states that can defend themselves. it is not possible to create states that can do all three. what do you want to prioritize? this is what produces ideas like the polish corridor and the internationalization of the city. it's these kinds of ideas that give lands to czechoslovakia. the understanding that the goals that you want in states, the things you want them

works i mean the heroes of the hero such can be found in greek antiquity but when we think of central europe then there's a particular image of the hero that very strongly bears the mark of germany self-indulgent depict isn't in custody and the lack of the sphere of to care for after all that happened in germany and austria in the one nine hundred thirty s. and forty's an artist who maintains this critical detachment and takes up the themes of the hero it's a chaotic but his team of this is that he's got a great deal to do with german history he made his head in with out of took i think the transaction off and it it actually fits into so what sahara then she things that aren't any heroes anymore anyway it's a target for him a brave man simply someone praised in song with tattoos in his honor someone who does something special like a knife god actually my. knife gods and artist heroes. and his friends. marcus newton apps on the left. and michelle and them on the right the brave men of the art business. the heads of mission kind of poke at superheroes on provocative i can't follow that argumen

works i mean the heroes of the heroes such can be found in greek antiquity but when we think of central europe then there's a particular image of the hero that very strongly bears the mark of germany foundation get paid decent and chris that they are in the larger the sphere of to care for after all that happened in germany and austria in the one nine hundred thirty s. and forty's an artist who maintains this critical detachment and takes up the feelings of the hero it's a chaotic and but this is the theme of this is that it's got a great deal to do with german history he made his head of it off to cry from the transaction often it touches it it's a torch so what sahara then she things that aren't any heroes anymore you know it's a value for him a brave man simply someone praised in song with tattoos in his own or someone who does something special like a knife got action in my. life gods and artist heroes. and his friends. marcus new caps on the left. and michelle and then on the right the brave men of the art business. did that mission kind of provoke at superheroes provocative i can't follo

because of new immigration quotas put in place in 1924, restricting immigrants from southern and central europe, totally shut down immigration from east asia, which we'll talk about next week in the context of talking about japanese-american internment. 1929 sees the end of a ten-year long intelligence gathering program run by an organization known as the black chamber. could they pick aid more nefarious name? made up of people from the army. running a telegraph company like western union provided them with incoming and outgoing cable traffic. this is shut down by hoover -- by president hoover's incoming secretary of state, henry st stenson. not necessarily spying in general but spying on the u.s.'s diplomatic allies. saying very famously, gentlemen, don't read each other's mail. there's a supreme court case at the end of the '20s that deals with wire tapping and weighing whether or not tapping into someone's phone conversation, you have to imagine this right early on in this period where there are phones. does that violate the fourth amendment? here is what the fourth amendment says. the right

the quotas restrict immigrants from southern and central europe to totally shut down immigration from east asia. we'll talk about that next week in the context of talking about japanese-american internment. 1929 sees the end of a ten-yearlong intelligence gathering program. run by an organization known as the black chamber. this is made up of people from the state department and army intelligence. essentially for ten years starting in 1919 running until 1929. u.s. telegraph companies like western union provided them with incoming and outgoing cable traffic. this is shut down by hoover's incoming secretary of state. henry stemson. stemson specifically opposed spies on the u.s.'s diplomatic allies. not necessarily spying in general. saying famously, don't read each other's mail. there's also the supreme court case at the end of the '20s that deals with wiretapping. and weighing whether or not tapping into someone's phone conversation. you have to imagine this is early on in this period where there are phones. does that violate the fourth amendment? here is what the fourth amendment says

when i met with central europe's leaders, including lech walesa and vaclav havel, men who put their lives on the line for freedom, i told them that the security of their region is important to our country's security. this year we must also do more to support democratic renewal and human rights and sustainable development all around the world. we will ask congress to ratify the new gatt accord. we will continue standing by south africa as it works its way through its bold and hopeful and difficult transition to democracy. we will convene a summit of the western hemisphere's democratic leaders from canada to the tip of south america. and we will continue to press for the restoration of true democracy in haiti. [applause] and as we build a more constructive relationship with china, we must continue to insist on clear signs of improvement in that nation's human rights record. [applause] we will also work for new progress toward the middle east peace. last year the world watched yitzhak rabin and yasser arafat at the white house when they had their historic handshake of reconciliation. but the

interest given what else is going on in central europe. want to go back to rich's point on russia. you played director pompeo's statement about the russians tending to go after the u.s. elections in 2018. you had a direct contradiction yesterday between the state department and the cia when the state department and the administration, president trump, refused to put sanctions in place here that the congress intended them to put in place. they said the russians were being deterred. i don't see any sign of deterrence and the director of the cia said yesterday that he had seen no diminishment in their activity and didn't see them deterred. we've seen this all over the world including in mexico where the national security adviser indicated the russians were meddling there. so this is inexplicable and richard got to it. it's from the beginning been inexplicable, nothing we can get to the bottom of it where we have an actively hostile power recognized as such and we are not engaging them as such. and the list is long for authoritarianism to crim

in central europe. the european traders can stop fretting for now. bonds have their mojo back.op about three year, 10 year paper. this is the state of play on european equity markets. oil has come off its highs, but the euro is strong. it had an assent yesterday. will it carry through? a warning be assent may be pulled into check. london, paris and frankfurt showing a little greed. can angela merkel do a deal with mr. schultz? indicating data was global growth, but the numbers may trouble. we have no breaking corporate news yet. anna: a few smaller corporate's reporting from the retail side, an update from jamaal charles -- gimalto. let's talk about what happened in the asian session. an absence of treasury market volatility in the last 12 hours, means asian equity markets have forged up .2%. the strength in the yen keeping a cap on japanese equity markets. it doesn't mean we are not worried about global risk, we see the gold price going higher. we have cpi data later from the united states. gold up by .5%. its fifth weekly gain. something to watch out for as we talk about stoc

my grandfather was born in moldiva in central europe. i can tell you, it's a hole. i'm very proud to come from a family of holers. i'm very proud to come from people who came from very basic subsistence levels. came to this country with nothing but ambition, hope and a sense of opportunity -- >> that is the story of america. a lot of rich people didn't come over. it was mostly people searching for a better life. >> including a family named d m drump would came from europe in the early 19th century. what's upsetting is he doesn't understand the rest of the world, he doesn't understand what this country is made of. conservatives have seized on this thing. saying oh, you know, you politically correct people, don't you know whether country x or y is a hole or not. that's not what the issue is. the issue is the people coming from those countries voluntarily taking the risks they do to immigrate here, to start off with nothing. those are actually the best americans. you can prove it empirically in many respects. but certainly it's what the essence of this country is about

that what germany was doing was czarnting the russians from taking over central europe. what is interesting to me is two things. the first, the response he got from the harvard community. from the boston community and american community more generally. which was intensely negative. there are letters in the boston public library from his colleagues telling him, we defend your right to say what you want, but we are questioning the wisdom of what you are saying. you get letters like this one from a law school colleague. not one american has appeared to be unfriendly to the german people as a whole. everyone has expressed the hope that -- what is interesting to me is he began to realize that the german-american community was not necessarily behind the german cause. he understood that the german-american community was divided. catholics less likely to a ford thanort prussia then protestants. those born in the united states consulate did not understand what this war was about. they had become american. they had become individualistic. they had stopped seeing the world through

central europe, eastern europe, perhaps. south europe, perhaps. america, let's hope so. the rest of the world, forget it. e just have to get along with them as they are and hope for the best. if they turn out to be mad dogs, like the germans, let's fight. ottoman empire or austria and hungary, they were, what do you call them, stuffed animals. you could kind of admire them for their strudel. i don't know. they weren't good people, but what about us? our africa americans? what about our drug problems and so on and so forth. worry about setting other peoples' houses straight if ss they attack us and they attack us we'll take them on, of course. up, i guess.d when you were talking about the thought i , i understood you to say that, unless a country has got a affinity or a history we democracy, they are not going democratic. i said, okay. otto turk has proved that he take turkey out of the middle east but erdogan has you can't take the middle east out of turkey. hat may be an argument for isolationism, but how do you explain cultural dissimilar japan and south korea. asian c