the architect sumit kaur on the creation of chandigarh.fter indian independence in 1947, there were some parts of india that remained under european colonial control. goa on the west coast of india was ruled by the portuguese till 1961, when finally, the indian army marched across the border to reclaim the lost territory, ending centuries of european rule in india. libia lobo sardesai took part in goa's struggle for independence. in 1947, when india became independent from british rule, i was a young goan student in bombay. but goa had not become independent at the same time because goa was a portuguese colony. 10,000 demonstrators in new delhi crowd around india's parliament house, shouting demands that portugal abandon goa, the tiny colony on india's coast she has held since the 16th century. people in goa could not get any newspapers from india, and the people were suffocating more because of lack of news and lack of communication. we found two wireless sets. we built them up into transmitters that we can use these transmitters to commu