. >> host: elizabeth kolbert's in view does charles darwin hold up? [laughter] >> guest: in my view. i am not an evolutionary biologist. think just about everyone you talk to charles darwin hold up pretty well put i should not see everyone every biologist you talk to would say yes charles darwin someone who really got things pretty calm he pretty well nailed it, yeah. sue and you write it under a white sky he was confounded by. [inaudible] was that mean? suspect at the time as we saw during the voyage of thehe beagle when he was a young man , no one had a good explanation for how you get a coral reef. coral reefs are found in these extraordinarily deep water there built by these tiny little gillette nest animals. no one had a sense of how they could create, you can come upon them very deep water how is it built these extraordinary structures? and darwin actually was the person. so in addition to his phenomenal theory of natural selection is also the first person to understand how coral reefs worked. sue and couple actually several laugh out loud momen

favorite example is the charles darwin to a last quarter century to share his theory with the rest of society because he was a good english country gentleman because kid just understood that if he tells you know his fellow churchgoer so no originate from monkeys you know he will never be able to go to the church again you know so there.

ever present and of course you know people because they know my faith favorite example is the charles darwin to almost mother century to share his theory with the rest of society because he was a good english country gentleman. because kid just understood that if he tells you know his fellow churchgoer so no originate from monkeys you know he will never be able to go to the church again you know so there will proprietors of the moment and vegas was. as in the $1007.00 just as it was almost impossible to discuss collapse of communism because it would be considered crazy you know president reagan was competing on catching up with no containment of communism so he says this is quite normal it's predictable and human reactions are neutral this now in your book you wrote that something big was looming on the horizon in the early 201113 maybe meaning ad structural crisis much bigger than the great recession a sense that we've had some jolt 'd here and there a bet that a major global recession didn't sat in and still be. well condemning iraq i'm still waiting for that big something or has it alread

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>> i think just about everyone you talk to every biologist would say charles darwin is someone who reallygot things he pretty well nailed it. >> at the time darwin was writing during the voyage when he was a young man and no one had a good explanation for how to get a coral reef because they are found in these extraordinarily deep water gelatinous animals and nobody had a sense of how they could create in very deep water how have the bill to these extraordinary structures and darwin actually was the person in addition to his phenomenal theory of natural selection he was the firstt person to understand how the coral reefs worked. >> there were several laugh out loud moments in your writing. i don't know how that equates to science or how it's important but this is one of them that made me laughm out loud. coral sex is a rare and amazing sight. site. how did you witness that? >> so, they actually have a variety of different ways of reproducing but one of the major modes of reproduction is they release, they are t hermaphrodites, so they are these tiny little creatures, the sort of look a li

charles darwin got things pretty much nailed it. >> you write-in under white sky he was confounded by corral, what does that mean? >> well, he, at the time darwin was writing and saw corral reefs when he was a young man. no one had a good explanation to get a corral reef. they are found, you know, in these extra orderly deep water. the reefs are built by these tiny animals and no one had a of how they built these extra ordinary structures. darwin, actually, was the person, in addition to his phenomenal theory of natural selection he was the first person to understand how corral reefs worked. >> there were several laugh out loud moments in your writing. this is one of them that made me laugh out loud. corral sex is a randomizerring site. how did you witness that? >> so, corrals have a verity of different ways of reproducing one of the major reproduction moves is they release, they are hermaphrodite. they are squishy and have a mouth and tentacles. it's like a cup with a bunch of tentacles. these hermaphrodicic corrals they produce these beads with eggs and sperm. they release that in t

i was thinking today about like if you were charles darwin, you would not have to go to the island, youdo a case study of natural selection and survival of the fittest and their shaurvival. i feel for a lot of them because they have been lied to. they have been lied to about climate change and they have been lied to about a number of things and they believe some of these leaders. it is the leaders' responsibility. my guess is there is a number of gop leaders and congress who are saying they are not going to get the vaccine but quietly but never talk about it. one, they're not telling their constituents to get the vaccine. to me this is evolution at its finest where you are going to see, it is like they put a gun to their own head and threaten somebody and say, if you don't do what i want you to do, shoot. it makes no sense. >> how dangerous is it? >> there is always a grain of truth of every truly effective lie, right? >> congress cawthorn, he says he does not need the vaccine because he's young. >> their odds of dying from this is incredibly low. he can give it to others and it can mut

understand the gene but rewrite the gene and the history that we talked about giddens in 1850 when charles darwin writes on the origin of species and this monk named gregor mendel is breathing peas and he starts to notice they have inherited traits so from the beats of darwin to the properties of mendel's peas we come up with this notion that there's some entity that is eternal that hands-down genetic information and eventually turns out to be this nucleic acid. some molecule in our system calleddna . and we don't know watson and crick, they figured out the structure ofdna . that has four letters and it's like a coding machine and just like a microchip but it's a molecule. so with those four letters, there's 3 billion pairs of them in our human genome and that determines that i get gray hair at a certain point. it codes all my genetic information but the thing about it is , and in 2000 we were able to sequence the human gene. as you said, that's called thehuman genome project . everybody thought that was amazing. they put it on the cover of time magazine but the thing is that really didn't do muc

this is something charles darwin really try to avoid. i haven't seen that evolution but the origin of life i just want to go there. it is too much it's too complicated we don't know enough about it. things have changed tremendously since then. first of all to know about the chemical nature of life. and then to know more about the fossil record. we have fossil records of microbes going back three.5 billion years and a lot of beautiful research going on and laboratory experiments how do you go from a raw material to living things? that doesn't mean how life began is the only way it can start, but how did it start? i am focused on one scientist i have reported on for literally decades. he is convinced that life began on volcanic islands in little ponds a little bit like darwin bit more sophisticated elaborate of rna forming sandwiched between old and new membranes and then becoming the's cells. other people are convinced it's all happening at the bottom of the ocean with the chemical garden. both cannot be right. they can't. it is fascinati