by may, 1862 his wound was giving him so much trouble that he took a leave and was replaced by charles davis. at the end of june and beginning of july the two fleets met in vicksburg. davis coming from above and farragut from below which had become the principal bastion on the mississippi. deciding to test vicksburg's defenses farragut repeated by steaming up with broad sides ablazing. the river was too difficult to navigate at night at that stage of the water. the river was now dropping so they had to begin this maneuver at dawn on june 28. all but three ships made it past the batteries at the cost of about ten men killed in the fleet. farragut was lucky not to be win of them. for the hartford he reported was riddled from stem to stern. farragut had just climbed down from his favorite spot when the enemy cut to shrouds above his head, the same shot that hoisted my flag he informed his wife which dropped to half mast. this caused the other vessels to think that i had been killed. this experience convinced farragut that while the fleet could drive gunners from their weapons they return to the

the commander of the union fleet at island number ten charles davis who had replaced andrew was reluctant to allow them to go and henry, the cored and sai it. he did. general john pope, who was the army commander there investing island number ten said he needed a second gun bo. but agreed to allow "uss pittsburgh." these are built at the end of 1861 and early 1862 that captured ft. henry and held with capture of ft. donaldson and those gun boats made it possible for pope's army to trap the entire garrison at island number ten and capture them. so these tactics of running which went back to 1861, they were bearing a lot of fruit here on the river in 1862. >> dr. mcpherson, thank you about some of the examples that you provide in your great study, of the individual decisions made by people like david faragate, why do you think that as many officers especially of the naval forces, marines and sailors, made the decision in 1861 to stay with the old flag? >> there are some other good examples of that. i mentioned lee. he was a virginian. drayton is one of my favorite examples. a naval officer