jackson said that hughes, quote, looks like god and talks like god, end quote. >> footage of charles evans hughes shot as hughes, who was that year's presidential nominee campaigned soon after the republican national convention. tonight "the contenders" looks at the life and legacy of charles evans hughes, who in addition to being a republican presidential nominee was a two-term new york governor, secretary of state, and twice a supreme court justice. of all this, he is perhaps best known for his role as the chief justice during the years of fdr's new deal. "the contenders" is live this evening from the united states supreme court. just across from the capitol in washington, d.c. then, chief justice hughes inaugurated this building in when it first opened to the court in 1935. let me introduce you to our two guests, first two guests of the evening, who are joining us to talk about the life and legacy of charles evans hughes. david petrusia is a history yap. his most relevant book to this period is called "1920: the year of six presidents" and bernadette meyler, thanks for being here. we'll jump r

in the campaigning for charles evans hughes in the 191 campaigning for charles evans hughes in the 1916 electioeti . election.charles evans hughes' law firm still exists in new york city. we went and talked to one of the senior partners who talked a bit about charles evans hughes and his support for women's voting. >> we're also very proud of an original edition of the "independent weekly" magazine which came out the week after justice hughes received the republican nomination for the presidency. that's mrs. hughes on the cover who was obviously a very important person in justice hughes' life. and in particular with respect to this issue of the magazine, she's on here because of his support of women's suffrage which she supported as well. something we learned in the magazine that we weren't aware of beforehand, and which isn't often talked about with respect to justice hughes, is that the republican party platform in 1916 was simply that each state would have the right to determine whether or not women would have the right to vote. justice hughes gave a speech which is reprinted in this

. >> and man named charles evan bayh -- charles evans hughes. woodrow wilson thought he was beaten. >> american history goes on in several different directions. what is he doing for foreign policy? he is the one you could write novels about. >> he was on the supreme court. he left the supreme court. he ran for president. then he went back to the supreme court. when of the finest minds on the court's. >> why use? >> andrew jackson said that "he looks like god and talks like god." >> charles evans hughes -- the republican presidential nominee soon after the national convention. tonight, we looked at the life and legacy of charles evans hughes who was a two-term governor, secretary of state, and twice a supreme court justice. he was perhaps best known as one of the co-authors of the new deal. we're broadcasting live across from the capitol. he inaugurated this building when it first opened in 1935. let me introduce you to our guests this evening were joining us to talk about the life and legacy of charles evans hughes. my first guest is an historia

minister of a hopeless case of -- [ inaudible ] if the fear is corruption, do you believe of charles evans hughes who knows no party. do you doubt the power of any political leaders if he has the will to do so, to set his own house in order without his neighbors burning it down? [ applause ] what does concern me of parti n partisans of both parties is not just winning this election but how it is won. how well we can take advantage of this opportunity to debate issues sensibly and soberly. i hope and pray that we democrats win or lose can campaign not as they crusade to exterminate the opposing party as our opponents seem to refer but education, to elevate people. a world of in infirment. >> my friend, even more important than winning the election is governing the nation. that's the test of the political party. when the shouting dies and the bands are going and the lights are dimmed, there is the responsibility. our history haunted with those rims and materialism and ruthless -- lets face it and talk sense to the american people. lets tell them the truth that there are no gains without pain and we

charles evans hughes is a former governor of new york. he's an associate justice. he leaves the court, it's a cushy gig. why does he leave it? to run for president of the united states. he only loses california by 40,000 votes. if he had won california he would have been president of the united states and he became a secretary of state, because there's a connection between secretary of state and presidents. in american history many of your early presidents -- half of the secretaries of state who served four-year terms become president and others came very close like henry clay and daniel webster. so there's a new york angle with hughes who becomes chief justice later on. william odouglas who learned his law at columbia wants to be the vice president of the united states. he comes this close to being fdr's running mate in '44. he's his poker buddy and he had more political personality frankly than a judicial one. it would have been more suited to his temperament. but critics would say he was a trump like figure in various ways and perhaps not suited. he thought afte

now, the fourth one is one of the most new york stories of all, it's charles evans hughes against -- it's the hughes court against -- chief justice against franklin roosevelt, both new yorkers, both former governors of new york, both studied at columbia, they are friendly actually although one is a democrat and one is a republican. when they refer to each other, governor, governor, you know, and they have some -- and roberts is not the most extreme republican on that court, but there are some folks to his right nicknamed the four horse men of the apocalypse who make life very difficult for franklin roosevelt and it's a very new york story. now, of course, the current court, it's headed by a new yorker, born in new york state, buffalo, learned his law here in this city, new york city, from henry friendly. the other members of the court, we've got ruth bader ginsberg who finished her law degree at columbia and was a brooklyn person and sonja sotomayor is a bronx person, elena kagan is manhattan all the way, and antonin scalia was queens. so no staten island, i guess. i mentioned sam al

if the fear is corruption in official position, do you believe with charles evans hughes that guild isersonal and knows no party? do you doubt the power of any political leader, if he has the will too do so, to set his own house in order without his neighbors having to burn it down? what does concern me, in common with thinking partisans of both parties, is not just winning this election but how it is won, how well we can take advantage of this great quadrennial opportunity to debate issues sensibly and soberly. i hope and pray that we democrats, win or lose, can campaign not as a crusade to exterminate the opposing party, as our opponents seem to prefer, but as a great opportunity to educate and elevate a people whose destiny is leadership, not alone of a rich and prosperous, contented country, as in the past, but of a world in ferment. and, my friends even more important than winning the election is governing the nation. that is the test of a political party, the acid, final test. when the tumult and the shouting die, when the bands are gone and the lights are dimmed, there is the st

elected because the person who ran against wilson in 1916, which was -- i meant 1916, who was charles evans hughesa moderate reformist governor from new york state and a supreme court justice, fact is that hughes almost won. when wilson went to sleep that night, he thought he had lost the election to hughes. and then the results from california came in the next morning, and that was what put wilson over in 1916 and largely because hughes had alienated members of the progressive party, the then governor of california, a man called hiram johnson. but had he been -- had he paid more attention to johnson in the right way, he would have probably taken california, had he taken california wilson would not have been president in 1916 and would not have been the war president then. finally, this is very interesting, i found out, which is that roosevelt repaired his relationships with the republican party which had split in 1912 by 1918. in 1916 he campaigned for hughes. always referred to as the iceberg. but he nevertheless made his peace with him and campaigned vigorously for him and if nothing else roose

really go all the way back to 1912 or 1910, when charles evans hughes left the governorship and went to the supreme court. the republican party in new york began to falter. it was weak, it was divided, it was petty. and dewey grew up, really, as the politician in the shadow of that chaos, in the midst of that division and squabbling in new york. and he is very interested in moving beyond that, uniting the various republican factions -- conservatives, liberals, moderates -- and bringing them together as one powerful unit. he does a good job of this. he will organize a top-down organization. as we talked about just a moment ago, dewey is tough. and he is going to be a very efficient in administration, and there is a top-down organization. there will be policies that are planned by a few top leaders, but dewey oftentimes is the one who is pushing the agenda. he is the one engaged in the debatd debat debates, setting what is done. there will be room for disagreement and he will listen, but that disagreement, he believed, should never spill out into the newspapers or spill out into public

and in 1933, march of 1933, franklin roosevelt and charles evans hughes exchanged letters. and franklin roosevelt wanted to know if he could recite the entire oath, not just saying "i do." and in asking hughes if that was okay, he remarked that it was very interesting he thought that one former new york governor would be administering the oath to another new york governor and they each expressed great respect for each other and look forward to their association said hughes in a common enterprise. so roosevelt is inaugurated president in 1933. by this time hughes had made a very strong record as a civil rights and libertarian. he wrote some very important decisions protecting the freedom of the press for example. and freedom of association. but what got him and roosevelt on a collision course was the constitutional challenges to the new deal legislation. particularly in 1935 and 1936, the hughes court began to strike down one piece of new deal legislation after another. now hughes was actually a centrist. he was neither a conservative, nor a liberal. he was a centrist. but he

the republicans nominated charles evans hughes, a fascinating character. we may get into him a little bit more. and who -- roosevelt famously termed a bearded iceberg. but hughes won the nomination on the third ballot. and former vice president under teddy roosevelt, charles fairbanks also of indiana, important of swing states here, we're not getting too deeply into the politics, but indiana, ohio, states like that were really important in this election, became the republican vice presidential nominee. so wrapping up the course of this, perceptive observers were confident that hughes would win in november. even wilson seems to have had doubts it his path to re-election. according to historian john milton cooper, ever the fighter, he relished the struggle but was not necessarily optimistic about the outcome. as scholars tend to note, the republican party stood united behind a single candidate, and the democrats had won only three presidential elections since 1860. voters seemed apathetic, maybe weary of progressive reforms, and the key accomplishments of the

the republicans nominated charles evans hughes, a fascinating character. we may get into him a little more. roosevelt famously termed a bearded iceberg. hughes won the nomination on the third ballot. the former vice president under teddy roosevelt, charles fairbanks, also in indiana, so became the vice presidential republican nominee. wrapping up the course of this, observers were confident hughes would win in november. even wilson seemed to have doubts about his path to re-election. according to a historian, john milton cooper, ever the fighter, he relished the struggle but was not necessarily optimistic about the outcome. at scholars tend to note, the republican party stood united behind a single candidate and the democrats won only three presidential election since 1860. voters seemed apathetic, maybe even weary of progressive reforms and the key accomplishments of the democratic administration over the last four years seemed scant, at least at the time. hughes' foreign policy emphasized a straightforward preparedness program which seemed far less muddle

he runs for governor in 1906 against charles evans hughes and loses. he runs for new york city mayor and loses. but he has control of the two newspapers, the evening journal and the new york american, and he turns out the basest appeal to people, and to try to tell them that i know better, i'm a reformer, i want municipal utilities that will lower your rates, i want transparent government, you can get that if you back me. in 1918, he wants the nomination for governor, and they try to figure out who is going to get this. they settle on smith. smith goes and gets elected. in 1919, immediately, william randolph hearst starts to poke at smith's programs. there's a milk strike in new york city. the upstate dairies can't get milk into new york city. they then have a milk strike upstate where the producers won't ship it to new york city. well, none of this is within the purview of the governor's powers. the governor tries to get his departments of farms and markets to act. they won't act because many they -- because they don't report to the governor. hearst w

this is actually the closest race since 1916 when charles evans hughes narrowly lost to woodrow wilson. indeed 500,000 vote switch in the right states would have meant a dewy win in the electoral college. that's a relatively small window of victory for roosevelt. still a pretty big win. any questions or concerns? all right. when we come back on friday we'll continue our look at world war ii taking a look at combat pragss in the european theater. have a good day. see you on friday. you are dismissed. >>> tomorrow night american history tv focuses on the presidential campaign of adlai stevenson. we begin with the contenders. that's follows by stevenson's acceptance speech and a discussion on the election of 1952. american history tv prime time starts at 8:00 eastern each night this week. >>> up next, davis pietrusza discusses his book. the author describes harry truman's career, the 1948 presidential election and main players in the campaign. this was recorded at the live ton park half-moon public library. it is about an hour, ten minutes. >>> good morning, everyone. welcome to the clift

when you look at the republican party, all of these figures, teddy roosevelt, charles evans hughes, coming out of republican candidates. out of the democratic party, you see franklin roosevelt. new york as a state has two machines really going. it has a pretty significant effect. peter: two machines? prof. gage: the same as a machinist at tammany machine. the republicans had an incredibly powerful network as well. peter: what is tammany hall? prof. gage: tammany hall is technically just the new york city's democratic party. the manhattan democratic party. tammany hall from the mid-19th century was best known as the machine of machines in urban america. it was identified as a primarily irish machine. a machine that really depended on the neighborhood power, word power, and that was as much about taking care of your neighborhood and the coming up through the neighborhood as it was anything really about national politics. tammany hall is the most powerful force in new york city politics at that moment, but really in new york state, democratic politics. peter: how did tammany hall fit into the

and american history tv continues on friday night with programs about republican charles evans hughes, his 1916 presidential campaign and foreign policy as an issue in that election. american history tv in primetime each night at 8:00 p.m. eastern time each night on c-span3. >>> sunday night on q&a, civil war historian and virginia tech professor james robertson discusses husband book "after the civil war, the heroes, villains, soldiers and americans who changed america". >> state allegiance was very deep. it went as far back in generations as there were settlers in the country. and one has to keep that in mind. i'm not belittling slavery. slavery is without question the major cause of the civil war. but you can explain the actions of good decent men, they fight because virginia needs them, not that they supported the confederate cause. neither one of them did. >> sunday night at 9:00 eastern. >>> bulgaria's foreign minister discussed the recent attempted coup in ter ki. it was part of a forum on european security and the recent nato summit. this is 45 minutes. >>> there are so many t

and american history tv continues on friday night with programs about republican charles evan hughes,is 1916 presidential campaign and foreign policy as an issue in that election. american history tv in prime time, each night at 8:00 p.m. eastern time on cspan3. >>> the c-span radio app makes it easy to follow the 2016 election wherever you are. it's free to download from app store or google play. get up to the minute schedule information for c-span radio and c-span television, plus podcast

and american history tv continues on friday night with programs about republican charles evan hughes,is 1916 presidential campaign and foreign policy as an issue in that election. american history tv in prime time, each night at 8:00 p.m. eastern time on cspan3. >>> on saturday, cspan's issue spotlight looks at police and race relations. we'll show president obama at the memorial service for five police officers shot and killed in dallas. >> when the bullets started flying, the men and women of the dallas police, they did not flinch, and they did not react recklessly. >> and south carolina republican senator tim scott giving a speech on the senate floor about his own interactions with police. >> but the vast majority of the time, i was pulled over for nothing more than driving a new car in the wrong neighborhood or some other reason just as trivial. >> our program also includes win family's story about an encounter with police in washington, d.c., followed by a panel with the city's police chief kathy lanier. >> most people get defensive if they feel like you're being offensive. being

like california, johnson, a republican progressive, flirted with, and then pushed back from charles evans hughes. that's largely, i would argue, largely based on his foreign policy stance. hughes didn't figure out johnson very well, and johnson was reluctant to intervene in the world war. you can look to regional figures who are also major players in the senate. then johnson goes on to be irreconcilable against the league, and a consistent thorn in the side of interventionists for most of the rest of his career. >> please. >> thanks for a terrific and thought-provoking panel. i want to ask a little bit about wilson and race. and the caricatured version i had of this going into the panel was something like this. wilson's a nationalist and he believes in self-determination or he can be prodded into saying something like this, but not in the colonized world because he's also a racist. therefore poland yes. haiti no. that's the story you get from a book. i got the sense rebecca that was kind of the story that you were giving us. but it strikes me that something different is going on between what wil

charles evans hughes was very much part of that tradition. thomas dewey represented that in the '40s and into the '50s. and then with dwight eisenhower. opposed to that were the conservative midwesterners, many of them isolationists, who rallied around bob taft. the son of former president, ironically president taft who with t.r. precipitated the split in 1912. that split had never really healed. so in 1946, when republicans took congress, it was the conservatives who became the face of the party. on the other hand, you had people like dewey, many of the governors, for example, who were much less hostile to the new deal, much more willing to work with its premises. >> thomas e. dewey is our contender tonight. he ran, he lost, but he changed political history, anyway. here is thomas e. dewey launching his campaign in 1948 and the criticism he has of the truman administration. >> we enter upon a campaign to unite all americans. on january 20, we will enter on a new era. next january 20, there will begin in washington the biggest unraveling, uns

look at things william jennings bryan said that happened in the new deal or something that charles evan hughes that reflects on the eisenhower era. perot raised some issues we are still grappling with and always a reminder that we have a third party option. that maybe sometime that if these other parties get too arrogant, there will be some voice from the heartland or of america that comes up and strikes a different chord. and i worry that the debates make it very hard for a third party candidate to get into the mix. so perot in that regard may be one of the last to have been able to pull that -- something like that off. >> carolyn barta mentioned ross perot in the summer of 1992 had hired ed rollins and hamilton jordan to be involved in his campaign. after the 1992 election, ed rollins who continued to -- in his political work, and is still active today, talks a bit about his view of the perot candidacy. we have a clip of that right now. >> the bottom line, it wasn't that perot was difficult to deal with. it was that perot never wanted to run that kind of a campaign. he always wanted to do wh

. >> as a factual matter you are correct about charles evans hughes and i mentioned douglas when thisve changed. the place of the supreme court in modern life is as the justices all acknowledge when they are nominated or confirmed, they try to be more cut off from day today political events. i don't bring any great naÏvetÉ to the subject. i recognize supreme court decisions are often deeply political in their nature but there is a tradition many decades standing, many decades now that justices should try to stay out of the day-to-day electoral politics of the country. that is an appropriate line to draw. ruth peter ginsburg crossed that line, she recognized it and that is why she apologized and is not doing it again. i agree this isn't world war iii, not an impeachment level crisis but it was an in a cup. comment and she appropriately apologized. >> host: three emails on this. fdr's first inauguration there is so much movement behind him that looks like it took the oath of office from a subway stop, please comment. >> guest: beats me. when i was writing the oath and the history of the

. >> and man named charles evan bayh -- charles evans hughes. woodrow wilson thought he was beaten. >> american history goes on in >> american history goes on in several

. >> and man named charles evan bayh -- charles evans hughes. woodrow wilson thought he was beaten. >> american history goes on in several different directions. what is he doing for foreign po