through "grandmere"'s office water flying off of him and what not and right as my grandmother met chiang kai-shek. she said well that was my grandson, david and i will introduce him on his way back. so there was no schooling whatsoever, but that's the way it was. >> host: you mentioned you didn't really get how famous or important or grandmother was until her funeral at any point was there any indication of her fame or her public service growing up? >> guest: oh sure. there were times when i would accompany my grandmother to various activities that she was doing. i remember one down in texas when she came in she was going to speak at a black church down in i believe it was houston, i believe and i went with her and to see the adoration that these people, and people were lined up in the streets waiting for her and you know it was so touching. of course i was older at that time. i can remember times when she did not receive such warm welcome as well. i did not have the opportunity to travel with her internationally. my older brother and sister dated in some of my other cousins but i did not, unfort

the most visible symbol of this --- madame chiang kai-shek. she also had her hand up for u.s. aid and was very good for getting it. more.have time for one come to the microphone please. --i have a question about the american missionary movement starts back in the early 19th century. even by the late 19th century it feels like the middle east or the pacific, you have -- india as well -- you have people that are second and third generation missionaries. -- he grew upalso in the ottoman empire, now lebanon. do you see evidence of the kind of transformation you discussed in the sort of second generation missionaries of the late 19th century? if not, live you think the change doesn't happen until the 1920's? >> the missionary project does go back a long way. when i was doing research on this book in beirut i interviewed a woman who described herself as the fifth-generation presbyterian missionary to lebanon. it does go back a long way. we have an increasingly sophisticated literature on the 19th century history of these missions, that is true. the 20th century story is different pa