we're meeting at an unusually interesting time in china's place in the world and china- u.s.of things are coming together right now. most importantly the two issues we're discussing today the aftermath of the great crash of 2008 which has left a legacy of continued growth momentum and confidence in china. and concerns about the growth outlook in the united states economy. a very difficult budget situation as far into the future as we can see. so one of the things that the great crash has done is accelerated a shift that we've all been ware of for a long time. a shift in the increasing weight in world affairs of big asian developing countries. first of all china but also india and indonesia and the relative decline in world affairs the old industrial countries of the north atlantic. the acceleration of the shift could not have been more dramatic and the panel will be addressing that in the next session. the great crash and the great recession had important effects on the climate change discussion. globally it temporarily slowed down the growth of green house gas emissions but

we're meeting at an unusually interesting time in china's place in the world and china- u.s. relations. they're always interesting but number of things are coming together right now. most importantly the two issues we're discussing today the aftermath of the great crash of 2008 which has left a legacy of continued growth momentum and confidence in china. and concerns about the growth outlook in the united states economy. a very difficult budget situation as far into the future as we can see. so one of the things that the great crash has done is accelerated a shift that we've all been ware of for a long time. a shift in the increasing weight in world affairs of big asian developing countries. first of all china but also india and indonesia and the relative decline in world affairs the old industrial countries of the north atlantic. the acceleration of the shift could not have been more dramatic and the panel will be addressing that in the next session. the great crash and the great recession had important effects on the climate change discussion. globally it temporarily slowed

from china. what i'm saying it's somewhere between here and infinity is a point at which any rational creditor will say, you know, that's just too much. now, that point could be far off. that point could be decades from now. how much are you willing to bet and are you willing to bet our living standards against the possibility of a shock if -- you know, just to give you an unlikely but not impossible example. china decides that -- china owns $2 trillion in assets. so there's no question that china will not see it in its interest to the anything that risks, you know, a precipitous plunge in the value of the dollar. however, let's suppose there's an act of terrorism that convinces the saudis that they face the threat that fundamentalists in their own country will continue to ratchet up the pressure so long as they continue to bankroll the heathen in america and china processes this and says, you know, it now seems possible that the saudis are going to start selling the dollar, well, we better get o

>> was she ever reconciled to the events in china, the development into modern capitalism in china? >> absolutely not, never. no. not so far as one can -- no, no. know, and she -- she considered it a slap in the face when the timing is government was recognized by the un, and when nixon went over. did you have a question in the back there? i guess not. >> what about the family now in the u.s., what are they up to? >> i don't really know. i met one young woman who runs some wonderful chinese restaurant in new york. i don't really know. of course, she never had children. and i've only met one or two of his relatives. >> i'm not sure if you said during your talk emma did you go to china while you are writing the book? >> yes. >> and so did you have the opportunity to speak with just common people to get their vie views? >> i don't speak chinese. >> i meant with interpreters. >> no, i went over as a normal tourist, and in order to get into certain places that i wanted to see, i pretended that i was really crazy about the communist sister. >> i am just curious. i lived in china for two y

i'm sorry. >> mainland china? yes. >> did she ever reconcile to the events in china? >> absolutely not. club for. >> no. she considered it a slap in the face when the communists government was recognized by the u.n. and when nixon went over. >> did you have a question? >> what about the chang kai-shek family in the u.s.? whether they up two? >> i don't know. by a of course, she never had children and i have only met wonder two of his relatives. >> but when you went to china were you retain the book and did you have eight opportunity to get comments of people's views? through interpreters? >> no. no. i went over as a normal tourist and in order to give in to certain places that i wanted to see, i pretended that i was crazy about the sister. [laughter] >> i was curious because i lived in china two years but i could never get them to talk to me about the way you talk about mao on any level other than and i had relationships as people living there but just to have a conversation with someone they would not say anything. >> no. you make me feel better. [laughter] because i

the dylan of fortune that was made entirely in china.t turns out that grandpa adela no, warren delano was the american opium king of china. it turns out that franklin, the fortune that sustain the life of franklin delano roosevelt was made through illegal drug deals in china. you can't make it up. but this was the hidden history that i was finding out there on this imperial cruise. folks, if you read this book and you are surprised by what you find, i mean, i am with you because i didn't realize there was this much out there that we didn't know that was still left to be discovered, and i was writing the buck. i wondered why and you might wonder the same thing as to page through it. this is my third book about matters between america and asia of. i have seamen written about a lot of may him over the last 100 years out there in the pacific and after writing my first book, the "flags of our fathers," i wondered what i could do about all of this, so i established the james bradley peace foundations. for the last ten years we have been sendin

without china in that game, the game -- china needs to be in the democracy game for the game to be alive. in other words, if china does not democratize, the consequences are quite serious for the region, for the world, in addition to the chinese people. >> warner: yet, doug paul, the chinese government today just dismissed all the foreign criticism as "crude meddling in china's internal affairs." what do you see as the relationship between china's growing global role and its continuing crackdown like this? >> it's contradictory. the chinese have just have 20 of the best years of the last 250 in history. a lot of prosperity. college students today don't remember tiananmen but they do know their country is standing taller now, that they have more individual freedoms than they have had in a long time as long as they don't challenge the state. over against this, you've got a regime that's concerned about movements that might emerge, that's terrified of ethnic violence and repression in -- in sinjian and tibet, who had to confine president obama during his visit to china so that he wouldn't b

and china, which never ratified kyoto. antonio hill is the senior climate change adviser to oxfam, the international aid group. >> well, in this tit for tat, there's accusations that developing countries, the poorest countries, the ones that most need urgent action on climate change are blocking the talks. and i think in respect of that, we need to be clear that they're not putting blockages on the tracks in front of the train. what they're doing is pulling the emergency cord to stop the train before it runs off the cliff at the end of this week. >> suarez: by the end of this week is when leaders from 110 nations will arrive here in copenhagen. president obama will be among that group looking to hammer out a deal to curb global emmissions. today's impasse was resolved after several hours of informal talks. the developing nations won assurances that wealthy nations are not trying to weaken commitments to emission cuts. >> they weren't blocking, they were just trying to understand the procedure. but it took a very long time.

of course, china has basically to market economy. the private sector produces chinese and dutch output. so economically it is not a communist system. icq ideological defining characteristics of the kindest system in a sense of belonging to an international communist movement that there isn't a movement anymore to belong to, and finally, the aim of building communism, the utopia when the state went away. deng xiaoping said it would take many generations to build the first stage of socialism. so in other words, hundreds of years to build socialism. as for communism, forget it. nobody in china today i think is seriously thinking about building socialism, nevermind communism. china has already moved so far from classical communist model, but they still have got some pretty political, but nonetheless there is i think a certain intellectual rhetoric there but a final point in this question. chinese intellectuals, when educated people suffered so much. the chinese population is still two thirds person. so if you move to complete democracy t

the he of china's rare earth research institute showse one ofhose permanent magnets. he's well aware of the issue >> ( trslated ): the environmental oblems include air emissions with harmful elements such as fluine and lphur, waste water that containsxcessive acid and radioactive materials too. china meets 95% of the wor demand for rare rth, and most of the separation d extraction is de here, so the pollution stays in chi too. reporter: the authorities gave us a dvd of baiyun o in ner mongolia where most of t world's rare ear is mined along with iron ore. they wouldn't let us filit ouelves. but baotou, a hundred miles ay, we found the frozen tailing lake where rare eah mixes with mudwaiting for procesng at nearby factories, tenologies we all use like computs, mobile phones and engy saving light bulbs use rarearths processed here, and local llagers whose farmland has been ruined by spage from thlake pay the price. >> ( transled ): the baotou environmental protection beau tested our wer, and they concluded at it wasn't fit for people or animals to drinkor for irrigation

first of all, with respect to china, president obama did visit china recently and had a range of conversationsoth privately and publicly that addressed human rights issues. we continue to be concerned about the situation in tibet. we continue to be very concerned as well about the flight of the wiegersn. we're concerned about religious freedom, about prisoners and their treatment. these are amish jews we're going to continue to raise, the president has and will continue to raise. he spoke at a public meeting in shanghai and talked about to students there about the importance of openness and again on the internet the ability of people to speak their minds. we're engaged with the chinese on a range of fronts, but human rights issues are very much part of that discussion and will continue to be. and again, one of the things that i find both president obama and secretary clinton are very pragmatic people. we talk about principled pragmatism. we are looking to get results, not just to speak retoricly and to say thing that is sound like we are being strong. we want to get results. and so in china, i

and china. i'll have a report. >> lehrer: then white house aide david axelrod's take on copenhagen and the push in the senate for health care reform. >> woodruff: a report from india about moves to combat one of the country's main sources of pollution. >> lehrer: our special correspondent for education john merrow reports from arizona on a special way to help troubled public schools. >> i was shocked. it really took me back. >> to... >> to just see what was possible. you know, i just kind of had to pause and say, you know, what a difference this makes. >> woodruff: and an inside view of the mexican army's war on drugs. >> lehrer: that's all ahead on tonight's "pbs newshour." major funding for the pbs newshour is provided by: >> what the world needs now is energy. the energy to get the economy humming again. the energy to tackle challenges like climate change. what is that energy came from an energy company? everyday, chevron invests $62 million in people, in ideas-- seeking, teaching, building.

and developing nations such as china and pakistan. as they seek to exploit ineffective or weak counterfeit enforcement frameworks around the globe. criminals have realized that the production of counterfeit drugs is twice as profitable as the trafficking of illegal marcotte x. it comes with significantly less criminal penalties compared with those handed out for illegal drugs. due to these limited and minimal criminal penalties, global counterfeiting has gone into an epidemic that reaches every country around the world. the w.h.o., world health organization, estimates that tens of thousands of people are dying to counterfeit a jd, diabetes and tropical disease medicine. unfortunately, most counterfeit cases it is not what is included in these fake drugs, it is what has been excluded that proves to be most harmful and deadly to patients. by taking counterfeit diluted or completely ineffective drugs, many patients fail to receive the important life-saving medicine they need. it is just as dangerous for a person with high cholesterol to

. >> lrer: a showdown in copeagen between china and the u.s. ofighting global warming. ray suarez is at the cmate talks. >> bro: plus, a very unusual look aclimate change, seen from inse one of mount everest's aciers. >> lehrer: and paul solmanalks to economist a statesman george schultzwho believes no financial instition should ever bconsidered "too big to fail." >> there's an underlying principle here that has golost sight of, anthat's the importance of skin in the ga. when you have some of ur own money involved, yopay a lot more attention. lehrer: that's all ahead on tonight's "pbs newshour." jor funding for the pb newshour is proved by: >> what the wod needs now is energy. the ener to get the econy mming again. the ergy to tackle challens like climate change. what if th energy came from an engy company? evy day, chevron invests $62 million ineople, in ideas-- seeking, teaching, blding. fueling growth around thworld to move usll ahead. this ithe power of human energy. chevron. >> what has de grant thornton a truly global aounting organization, withccess to resourcein

china says in response, hey, look we set very ambitious targets. we're investing a lot in alternative fuels and other alternative energy sources. it's really for them a matter of national pride and really autonomy and sovereignty that says, no, we've set the targets and we're going to keep them. >> brown: they also said in your interview that they were at least questioning at the same time whether the u.s. was living up to its commitments. >> suarez: not just the u.s. but the whole industrialized worlds. a lot of countries made assurances at the kyoto round in 1997 that they simply didn't follow through on in the earlier years of this century. so almost with a little impatience and a little testyness, the chinese negotiator pointed that out and said, hey, look, you, your countries, did not live up to what you told the world you were going to do. and now you want to put a verification regime on us?" he was really annoyed that in effect the western and industrialized world negotiator said, well, the fact that we didn't live up to those past assurance

india, china versus the u.s.?>> i think china versus india, i assume the question is serious armed conflict, because there are little skirmishes going on even as we speak. but serious armed conflict, i think is very, very unlikely over the foreseeable future. it serves neither of their interests, and while it is quite fashionable to believe that nuclear proliferation is in all respects a bad thing, i believe that the proliferation in that part of the world has stabilized relationship between india and china and also the relationship between india and pakistan, because they understand that the costs of a war are just way greater than the benefits. u.s. and china, i think, equally unlikely, maybe even more unlikely. i a definition of ideology. on issues, you take an extreme position and you're extremely resolved to hold them. china is no longer -- the chinese government is no longer ideological. it is a petty dictatorship aimed at sustaining itself in power and it is very good at sustaining itself in power, so to th

it transformed china immeasurably. >> you are absolutely right.paper that punctuational moments are not limited. these are very this similar events -- these are very dissimilar events. i wanted to compare them as moments that had dramatic impact on u.s. policy. it is in no way limited to those two. the way i am trying to use the term is as a unique moment when the long-term and short-term combined. you have long-term forces developing that have the triggering event. it becomes obvious to the most obtuse that things have changed. i am trying to think of a specific moment. the morning of september 11. try to find the moments that are specific yet some allies the changes that have an impact. i am trying to think of these as when commodore perry gets off the boat. it does not just have to be western or european. that is how i am trying to use it when it comes to a particular moment. it is the moment when things changed and now we have to do things differently. >> right here. >> you are right. i supported the right of the people of poland and the czech

the fifth nation was china. china, mao took power and the nuclear weapons were not on his agenda at all. he wanted to return chided to greatness but the trigger was a nuclear threat by the eisenhower administration for understandable reasons. mao fell to turn on the war and eisenhower turned on and gets elected immediately threatens north korea and tied with nuclear use if we do not have a cease-fire so very short order corrientes then there is the taiwan straits crisis the following year and the following year threatened with a mainland invasion but then the nuclear cards were played that would convince mao you need weapons of his own and turned on his program january 1955. he had massive help from the soviets until 1958 when they change their mind, but he had helped. some of us are old enough to remember klaus. he was a super spy at las alamos. and whiskey in the design of the u.s. atomic bombs used in world war ii and a very good physicist and a bright guy but also huge amounts of data. when it is over he goe

and the premiere of china. it was the new kids on the block in effect. the ones that will be the biggest global emiters in 2020 and 2030 that were sitting around that table with president obama. >> brown: looking ahead there are clearly some cause for changing the process, right? we saw that from gordon brown. what does that mean actually? what are people calling for to look ahead toward some of these next meetings? >> suarez: everybody is pointing to the fact that there were 192 states gathered there, and everyone spoke as if the smallest countries with very few emissions were the same. as the biggest country s with the biggest emissions. not when it came to responsibility or who would pay what but having a voice in the proceedings. there's some speculation about how to do the work in advance of the conference so that the smallest countries in the world-- those, in fact, who have very little industries to cut back emissions from-- don't get to gum up the works by being able to intrude on the councils of the biggest countries that have to actually do the

china is more engaged with this problem.but have we had a breakthrough on the fundamental issues that have divideda and the world? no, we have not. >> woodruff: how do you see that, on china? >> i agree thata needs to do more. but a 40 to 45% cut from the rate of growth that they have today is a substantial step forward. it's not where we need to be. but we're not where we need to be either. and the fact that industry has stymied progress in this country by politicizing the issue, misrepresenting the facts about the issue, and forcing the congress to a stalemate on a very weak bill is really something that has -- you're seeing the ripple effects in could enhagen. >> woodruff: industry the culprit here? >> i don't think so. i think, you know, national and international politics which are basic realitys are the culprit here. you know,a, for instance, again has refused consistently to commit to a treaty that involves proper verification of their emissions reductions. only a few hours ago president obama told thaws any treaty th

guest: i want to go back to china. i agree with you about a policy on china. i blame wall street more than china. guest: fixing the exchange rate is reasonable? guest: we are giving them options. guest: it is to the benefit of goldman sachs. i do not know why people ask barack obama questions about the economy. it is j.p. morgan and pulls the strings. guest: we had given china and menu and told them they could fix the exchange rate but let goldman sachs do with a one in china. let's tell china no if they do not fix the exchange rate. do not let obama off the hook. they control the policy at this point. guest: i cannot make up our mind if it is a provincial capital of the empire of beijing or of goldman sachs. the answer is probably both. host: with a call from houston, texas, on the democrats' line. caller: how many people do you talk to in a month? host: are you talking to me? what is the point of your question? caller: mr. oricmorici as an animated personality like keys on a game show. the things we're talking about our series. i agree with the previous call

guest: i want to go back to china. i agree with you about a policy on china.i blame wall street more than china. guest: fixing the exchange rate is reasonable? guest: we are giving them options. guest: it is to the benefit of goldman sachs. i do not know why people ask barack obama questions about the economy. it is j.p. morgan and pulls the strings. guest: we had given china and menu and told them they could fix the exchange rate but let goldman sachs do with a one in china. let's tell china no if they do not fix the exchange rate. do not let obama off the hook. they control the policy at this point. guest: i cannot make up our mind if it is a provincial capital of the empire of beijing or of goldman sachs. the answer is probably both. host: with a call from houston, texas, on the democrats' line. caller: how many people do you talk to in a month? host: are you talking to me? what is the point of your question? caller: mr. oricmorici as an animated personality like keys on a game show. the things we're talking about our series. i agree with the previous calle

china executed a british man today on drug smuggling charges. british leaders had pressed for clemency, over claims the man suffered from mental illness. we have a report from nina nannar of independent television news. >> reporter: despite last minute appeals for clemency from his family and the foreign office akmal shaikh's life was ended here by lethal injection in the early hours of this morning, the chinese authorities in the end refusing to accept claims that shaikh was mentally ill, hours later the chinese ambassador left the foreign office in london after what was described as a difficult conversation, china accused of failing in its basic human rights responsibilities. refused to even undertake a medical assessment prior to proceeding with this execution. by any standards of human rights at the beginning of the 21st century that cannot be acceptable. >> >> reporter: akmal shaikh a 53 year old father from north london was convicted of drug smuggling after 4kg of heroin was found in his suitcase when he arrived in urumshe in northwestern

>>reenivasan: china executes more people each yeathan any other cotry. north korea nfirmed today it s detained an arizona man fo illegally tering the country. family members identifd the man as 28-ar-old christian missionary robt park. supporters said he cssed from china into north korea o christmas day, uing the release of pitical prisoners. the state news agency sa today he is beininvestigated for illegal entry. on wall street today stos broke a day winning streak. the dow jones industrialverage lost more an a point to close at0,545. the nasdaqell more than 2 points to closat 2288. those are so of the day's main stories. ll be back at the end of the program with a preew of what you'll find tonit on the newshour website. but for now ck to gwen. >> ill: and still to come on the newsur: the nigerian man who tried to blow up a us pne and his links to yemen; raising healthier, bter educat children in mexico; and helpor the mentally ill in india. but fit: striking the right balance tween security and sacrifice: the costs of preventing the next atck. for that

and china.ink that we need to accept scientific con census and discount those on the right who just -- they don't believe in science. host: how closely have you been following what's going on in copenhagen? has this been an interest to you? caller: not particularly. actually, global warming isn't number one on my radar necessarily, i do think the economy is more important. but as a lot 06 people say, you hear that often, that the global warming is not something that just the general public is that upset about. they are upset about the jobs. but i have been watching. naomi klein and other people i've heard talk about giving rep rations to several countries around a lot of the talk sort of out of the main stream about what the third-world countries and a lot of the poorer nations are trying to push on to the summit, but are not being really listened to, and the rich countries like the u.s. and china, the more powerful and economically prosperous countrys are dominating the conversation. host: kath

china is me engaged with th problem.but have we had a breakthrough on the ndamental issues that have divida and the world? no, we have not. >> woodruff: how do yosee at, on china? >> i agree thata nee to do more. but 40 to 45% cut from the rate of growth that they haveoday is a substantial step forward. it's not where we need to be. but we're nowhere we need toe either. and e fact that industry has stymied progre in this country by politicizinthe issue, mrepresenting the facts out the issue, and forcing the coress to a stemate on a very weak bill is really something that h -- you're seeing the ripp effects in could enhan. >> woodruff: industry the culprit here? >> i don't think so. i think, you kw, national and internationapolitics ich are basic realitys are the culprit here. you know,a, for instance, again has refuse consistely to commit to a treaty that involvesroper verificaon of their emissions reductions. only a fewours ago president obama told thaws any treaty that didn't hav that verificatn would be empty rds on a

see china get threatened. thank you. guest: his is an interesting question. you are right that china has -- its investments have increased dramatically, particularly in energy. they are now the leading investor in oil and gas. i would not agree that just because china holds a significant number of american treasury bills that they somehow have us over. we are their largest export. they cannot afford to have and -- cannot afford to have a breakdown with us. we are in a symbiotic relationship. the challenge president obama has is to make it clear to the chinese president that we need china to step up and act like a global leader. sometimes they have to give things up and compromise. you have seen the u.s. do that time and again. china is not yet accustomed to its new-found political power or taking the lead role in trying to limit the actions of a difficult government like iran. you are right to say part of the problem is that china has not exercised responsibility, but we have the ability to talk very directly

i know this is the way of thinking in parts of china. they're beginning to see this. >> host: is it fair, though, to say that -- on the basis of this book it seemed to me that the positive future -- it's not -- there are a lot of possibilities, there's a lot of directions we could go. >> guest: there may be some -- i mean, heaven forbid but there could be a plague. we could lose hundreds of thousands of people. it's been predicted. with the superbugs, because we misuse antibiotics because we keep animals in unlawful -- awful conditions, and we have to feed them antibiotics all the team, and people have already died from a scratch because there wasn't a strong much antibiotic. so we don't know what's going to happen. so we have to be prepared for it to turn around in favor of the environment in the future for our children. >> host: i want to go back to a more respectful form of the gene question we talked about. and that is related though fact -- related to the fact that you're one of the first women in your field, and now it's a field th

china takes climate change very seriously.made and will continue to make unremitting efforts to tackle this challenge. qaeda was the first developing country to adopt and implement national climate change program. in recent years, we have formulated a series of policies and regulations which serve as an important means for us to address climate change. china has made the most intensive efforts in energy conservation and pollution reduction in recent years. by the end of the first half of this year, china's injured g. consumption has dropped by 13 percent from the 2005 level, equivalent to reducing 800 million tons of carbon dioxide in nation. china has enjoyed the fastest growth of new energy and renewable energy. between 2005 and 2008. renewable energy increased by 51%. and china ranked first in the world in terms of installed hydropower capacity, nuclear power capacity under construction, the coverage of solar, water heating panels and photo power capacity. and 2008, the use of renewal energies reached an equivalent of 250 m

they got mad at him, china is our biggest predator, we are more to china than anyone else. is completely gone. the u.s. does not have the respect çokthat it had previou. obama thought he had power and could walk in, çand walk in at the çlast and save everyone w3 the knight in shining armor.ç but we do not çhave that powerç anymore. no, copenhagen is not going to make any difference because there are no ;çteeth çto anyt. host: let's go i]to a piece in ç the washington post, it çqsaysr that the deal mayç show how world ççn3trade and proliferat will be negotiated in the çyea ahead with china on one side and united states on the other.( it will be a new nuclear world, saying jake schmidt that w3comi into this conference was 193 countries çóand coming down it was to the leaders of the two superpowers. we have aaron on the independent line.i] caller:pdhi, good morning.ç i wanted to firstç u7ççóstate disinformation çfrom the previous caller about the president barging in. the president and his staff were told it 7owas too late ç meet with qother industrialized nat

in china, i met with women activists.ence in 1995 inspired a generation of women civil society leaders of the come rights defenders for today's china. in 1998, i met with a small group of lawyers in a crowded apartment on the fifth floor of a wad of building. they describe for me their efforts to win rights for women to own property, have a say in marriage and divorce, and be treated as equal citizens. when i visited china again this year, i met with some of the same women but they had grown and expanded their scope. another woman working for and our mental health and economic rights in addition to people rights. one of them has been harassed for speaking out about aids in china. she should be applauded by her government for helping to confront the crisis. non-government organizations need the support we provide. many repressive regimes have tried to limit the independents and effectiveness of activists by restricting their activities including more than 25 governments that have recently adopted new restrictions. our fund

state, and it's right across mainland china for example and growing fast in india and australia. slowly in europe but is growing. >> host: i'm afraid it is not just children who don't know what is out there. we live in the world now where wild places are isolated from the places where we all live most of us. >> guest: except we are urban sprawl nurse deeper and deeper into the lost places which is a total nightmare. >> host: i think as a result it is just not the same thing if you see it on tv or even in an imax theater so let me ask this question: if you could take the world that lives in the suburbs to a place where they could have the kind of epiphany that turn someone into a field biologist -- [laughter] -- where would you take him? how do you show them? >> guest: i've done that and i think to start with it is really important that they don't go anywhere to exotic. but to go somewhere that this lovely, safe, not filled with danger but where they can hear the birds singing, where there are streams and they can see the fish and maybe frogs and perhaps there is some deer that ki

climate negotiator todd stern said china's cooperation is critical.he two nations are the world's largest carbon emitters. >> i think that from our point of view, you can't even begin to have an environmentally sound agreement without the adequate and significant participation of china. >> reporter: it was widely reported u.s. negotiators had refused to commit to firm pollution cuts until congress can approve the needed legislation. a bill to reduce u.s. emissions has been pending for months in the u.s. senate in the face of strong opposition. back in copenhagen, the president of the maldives appealed for quick action. his island nation in the indian ocean is threatened by rising seas. >> if we are not able to seize this opportunity, and we are not able to come to an understanding during the course in the next 48 hours, i fear we might very well be doomed. i hope that is not what we are contemplating. >> reporter: the u.n.'s ban said he was confident there will be agreement by week's end. >> i'm confident that there will be a deal in copenhagen, a dea

china has changed.y do not believe in individual liberty like we do, but i tell you what, in some areas they believe in economic freedom. it is easy to start businesses over there. they are prosperous. people save and they do some things that we used to be known for. they have become our banker. i would say that, yes, those kinds of things happened in the korean war, but i do not think we should have been involved in the korean war. it was a tragedy. will redoing there? what we're doing in vietnam? -- what were we doing there? what were we doing in vietnam? to come down hard on china and say is their fault, a if they were -- i think we should be honest about this because they killed a lot more vietnamese than the americans did. host: next call from pennsylvania. caller: would like to read a quote from harper's magazine in 1922, titled "industrial activities and improving conditions despite various factors in that situation, general motors is better at this writing early in june that it was at the beginn

china's lead negotiatocharged again today developed cotries are asking too much.nd, hsaid, they are backsliding on the commitmen they made inyoto, japan more an a dozen years ago. >> ( tranated ): if we look at the difficulties in negoations, we find the additional and unreasoble requests made some countries. they try to lee the regulations of the conventn d the kyoto protocol aside, and make those ueasonable requests for developing countries. >> reporter: danish leader attempted to bak the deadlock today drafting a simplified agreement, but china l an effort to quash thdeal. but in an interview, the u. secretary geral, ban ki moon, appealed to both sides to compromise. >> i would urge all veloped andeveloping countries to come onboard. developed countrieshould come out with more ambitis mitigation targets andlso developing countri, they shld come out with nationally appropriate mitition action, miting their growth of emissions. >> reporter: u.s. climate negotiator todd stern said ina's cooperation is critica the two nations arthe world's largest rbon emitters. >>

then you see the manufacturers as support a cap-and-trade but we did assuming we would lobby china and india to restrain their e missions. but the growing countries, imagine if you were dirt-poor four years while western europe his burning coal, getting rich and building skyscrapers parker is just 32 trickle and then the u.n. says and by the way that cheap energy? you cannot do that it a more. you will not stand for that if you are the third world. i think if we will get anything, the rich countries will go ahead and constrained 30 missions and then pay for subsidizing clean energy in the three days third world. that is the most you get as far as co-operation. more questions? i will follow-up on the global warming stuff right now. general electric is having eighth joint venture called greenhouse guest services that deals with carbon offset and greenhouse guest. what they have done for example,, they have on a trash heap bid north carolina they are sucking all the methane guest. 23 more times as powerful as carbon dioxide. they turn that into co2 which lowers dioxide levels. google pays

yes, the president went to china recently. secretary geithner has been to china. they were over there trying to visit the great wall. they weren't there trying to explain to china how we'd be able to pay off our bonds. and last week it was said that the standard & poor's and moody's were taking a look at the united kingdom and the united states to see if there shouldn't be a downgrade in their rating. and so he says at what point some financial analysts asked rating agencies to downgrade the united states? when do lenders provides price additional risk to federal borrowing leadings to a damaging spike in interest rates? how quickly will international investors flee the dollar for a new reserve currency? and how will resulting higher interest rates, diminished dollar, higher inflation, and economic distress manifest itself? given the president's recent reception in china, friendly but fruitless, these answers may come sooner than any of us would like. the president and his advisors say they understand these concerns, but the administration's policy changes are the

we are talking about china and and we are talking about those countries putting their own policies on the table in an international agreement, standing behind those policies and having those policies significantly turn down their own emissions curves. >> reporter: in fact, stern says success hangs especially on china's further cooperation, something now uncertain. before the summit began, china-- the world's largest polluter-- pledged to voluntarily improve energy efficiency. india has made a similar pledge, but experts point out the total volume of carbon emissions for both would continue to rise, albeit at a slower rate. shyam saran is india's top climate negotiator. >> we will try to push the envelope as much as we can and try to see that we get as good an outcome as possible. i think there should be an appreciation of the fact that despite being a developing country, despite not having very many resources available to us, we are actually spending very good money on many of these. >> reporter: but even as pressure mounts on india and especially china, most look to the u.s. to take

china. this is about 40 minutes. >> so, once again i still think i still hope, hope is bright green that the future president of so many heads of state or states of comment in copenhagen will pave the way for a successful outcome. never before have so many world leaders come together to discuss a topic of such global importance as quite a change. for all their complexities and there are indeed blacks even challenges that accompany, any discussion on the global climate change. we are indeed one planet that share the same fate and we are all in this together. on behalf of the conference, i will therefore like to thank every one of you for joining us today. we will now begin hearing national statements for the joint high-level segment of our conference. we will begin with statements delivered on behalf of groups. with this i will now in light of our first speaker would like to address the conference. it gives me great pleasure to welcome to the conference his excellency mr. a female if he. assi

su dan -- statement on behalf of the global 77 and china.let me congratulate you on your election as president of the conference in denmark. the convention of climate change dash meeting of parties to the kyoto protocol. let me also on behalf of the group of 77 and express our thanks and appreciation for the hospitality and for the hosting of this historical event in the beautiful city of copenhagen. mr. chairman , two years ago in bali, all parties agreed to adopt the results of the -- as this situation of the conference. of all parties as a meeting to have parties to the kyoto protocol. and there are set up negotiation process. in this regard, the group has been working -- mandate of the -- which is specifically -- the second review. aligned with the second -- must inscribe ambitious quantified admission. reduction targets for developed countries beyond 2012 and will prove more efficient and effective set of rules in order to able developed countries, parties, to take the lead as significantly contribute to the minimizeation of impact of c

i will go to china. will go to china and employee thousands of chinese to make wheelchairs and have them imported into the united states. some of our friends on the other side said, that's not patriotic. what are you doing? thumbing your nose at the united states of america. business is business and jobs are jobs. you know, to disincentivize, not only to not do no harm, but to harm, doesn't make sense to folks back where i'm from. mr. walden: it doesn't. i think that's the issue. we had an alternative that created twice the jobs at half the cost in america. twice the jobs at half the cost. clearly we want to get beam back to work. there are alternative ways to do that that republicans have put forward on health care reform. we haven't even talked about tort reform. $68 billion, get rid of the junk lawsuits and get access to affordable health care out there. there are ways, and as a former small business owner i can tell you to create jobs in the market out there. bike paths to taco bells is not a sustain

we don't allow drugs to be imported from china or india as a matter of this amendment. only fda approved drugs from fda inspected plants in canada, the european countries japan, new zealand, or australia. that's all. why? because they have an identical chain of custody to us. and that's the basis on which we determine how reimportation could work and could work safely. but i want to describe a recent scandal that illustrates the double standard that some want to apply to this question. in the scandal was about a drug called heparin, a blood thinner commonly used by dialysis patients was linked laster to more than 62.. heparin was pulled from the market and according to baxter health care which market separate than the u.s. the allergic reactions to heparin that caused those deaths appear to be caused by a contaminant that was added in the place of the active ingredient in pepper and somewhere during the manufacturing process, most likely in china. "the wall street journal" did a really important story on the heparin contamination. they reported that more than half of th

do you think that these leaders should be deported to china? >> i don't think it's -- i don't think it's appropriate for me to discuss this case. >> oh, can i ask why it wouldn't be appropriate? considering that you guys have taken a great interest in leaders? >> i'm not trying to diminish any particular case without reference to this particular -- >> are you suggesting that the u.s. might be interested in offering? >> i'm not suggesting anything. i'm just saying i'm not going to comment. >> i don't understand why not. surely, you speak out when people are going to be -- as the matter of policy, the administration opposes sending prisoners, and won't to countries where they might be persecuted. i don't see why it's inappropriate to you to talk about this case, these 22 people. >> i'm not going to talk about. yes? >> sorry, ambassador today expressed strong concerns on the japanese and about the review. do you have any further to say on this today? >> just that i know that the working group is meeting. it began meeting yesterday. and of course i

china takes climate change very seriously.e to make unremitting effort to tackle this challenge. china was the first country to conduct a climate change program. in recent years, we have formulated a series of laws and regulations which serve as an important means for us to address: a change. china has made the most exciting efforts in pollution reduction in recent years. at the end of the first half of this year, the china energy consumption had dropped by 13% from the 2005 level, equivalent to reducing 800 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions. china has enjoyed the fastest growth of energy and renewable energy between 2005 and 2008. renewable energy increased by 51% and china ranked first in the world in terms of installed hydropower capacity, nuclear power capacity under construction, the coverage of solar water heating panels, and photo opaque our -- power capacity. the use of renewable energy reached an equivalent of 250 million tons of standard coal, a total of 35.5 million rural households gained access to buy a gas

presumably meant china. when you talk about national concern -- security concerns. in the financial media, we have been focusing on the dollar weakness. that is obviously playing in to u.s. influence but somewhat of a positive in that you see american goods being purchased and helping to be purchased outside of these wars. how do you balance that? >> i have to answer the no. question, right? >> are you ready now? the less i think alice's 60% number -- internationally, it is the norm. the imf has given its stamp of proposal -- of approval, but here is the experiment i like to conduct. >> did you not used to work at the imf? you don't think it is necessarily a good thing. >> not necessarily. here's a thought experiment. supposing we had started this crisis, and went into this crisis at 60% of debt to gdp, and we've added 40% over this. one under% of gdp -- that would spook market psychologically. the other contrast is that i have china actually going into this crisis with public debt of 20% of gdp. in some ways, but chinese were highly affected by the crisis because t

in china we call for protection of rights of minorities. religious organizations can advocate their positions within a framework of the rule of law. we believe strongly that those who advocate peacefully for reform with in the constitution should not be prosecuted. with pressure, we deplore the journalists and supports the courageous individuals who advocate and great peril. we are engaging on issues of mutual interest. there also engaging societal actors in the same countries were working to advance human rights and democracy. the assumption that we must pursue human rights our national interests is wrong. the assumption that only coercion and isolation are effective tools for advancing change is also wrong. across our efforts, we keep striving for innovative ways to achieve results. that is why commissioned the diplomacy and development review to develop a forward- looking strategy to build on an analysis of our objectives and capacity to achieve america's foreign-policy and national- security objectives make no mistake. issues of democra

what do we have coming into the china shop? three big bulls. one is the health care referendum, cap and trade, or cap and tax. then there's -- another is a war tax. well, the point here, in a cartoon form, obviously the bulls are not going to have a good influence on the china shop. the president doesn't seem to get what's going on with the businessman. he's not looking too excited about good reason for why you're not hiring with these guys coming in the door. let's take this back to what we were just talking about. the health care reform. health care reform was going to introduce probably in a minimum $1 trillion worth of spending, or close to it. and so what happens if the government does a whole lot of spending? they're going to do a whole lot of taxing. guess who is going to be taxed with all -- several different types of taxes to pay for socialized medicine? it was going to be the small businesses man. so what have you done relative to our chart here when you have the senate and the house has already passed this trillion-dollar socialized