addiction and recovery scientist, new york, new york; james smallwood, founder and ceo, the choice is yours, incamden, new jersey. pam, how many people in the united states are in recovery? well, the estimates are about 20 million people are in recovery, working on being free of drugs and other-and alcohol. and, alexandre, what is recovery? what are some of the common paths to recovery? well, that's really two different questions. what recovery is, according to people in recovery themselves, is usually, especially for people severely addicted, it is abstinence from drugs and alcohol, as well as significantly-significant improvements in other aspects that constitute quality of life, such as employment, social relationships, mental health, physical health, housing, as well as access to leisure and-and activities that contribute to a healthy and productive life. and tom, why don't we give you the second half of that question, then. what are some of the most common pathways to recovery? i think that's an excellent question. i had the privilege of being with alexandre as a matter of fact, being part

well, the business i started is a company i started, it's called the choice is yours, inc. and that was developed from a conversation with my sponsor on the phone trying to find a name for a company, and he, his frustration with me grew, so he said, "i'm going to bed, james. the choice is yours." and so it came about because of his frustration with me. now coming out of that is that the first class i ever did was for 25 single mothers with children who had addiction problem, who had gotten mortgages on homes and went into the homes for the first time, and one mother fell through the basement-there was no first floor in the home. so they'd been taken advantage of from the door, from that door on. so now in-in the 18th year of doing this, here i'm looking at people in recovery every day, and i might screen 75 people to get a good 20 to 30 to come into my program, because you have to meet certain criteria. i have an idea when you're ready to be trained, when you're ready to take on another aspect of your life. so in my program, we bring you in, and we tape test you and get you