there was no mention of female circumcision. in our tradition, circumcision is performed on girls as well. we pray that god will help us in reaching people with the truth. >> the local imam explain that muslim leaders are trying hard to get the message heard. >> we are now spreading the word against fgm, because it is against our faith. we're telling people not to do it. >> it appeared that the local religious leaders were in agreement until the arrival of a more senior cleric. refusing to look any, he gave his view. >> the prophet said it, peace be with them. so this is legalized by islamic law. >> egypt's most senior religious figure issued a fatwa against fgm a few years ago. yet those below him contradict one another. no wonder the people are confused. ♪ >> whatever stand religious leaders might take, female genital mutilation is and melanie-old tradition here. there is evidence that was practiced during the time of the pharaohs, well before either christianity or islam arrived in egypt. it is firmly in the national psyche,

so you talk about male circumcision. utah about that all lot and your co-author daniel halperin is a huge proponent. what is the aids belts and comment on male circumcision and talk about the difference between 10 and uganda. similar levels of condom use but a different rate. you can explain that. >> guest: one of the questions i am asked the most often and the early part of the story i got 20 e-mails to say if it gets to 10 tossup how does it take 80 years to get to the united states and europe? hiv spread widely in the congo over several decades but it did nine get to the explosive levels from east africa or the gay community. there is different reasons. in the congo and most sub-saharan never cab voice are circumcised at birth are ceremonies at adolescence. that is a deep tradition. and the places where circumcision was reached today chretien hiv never got the end 3% because the four scan is much more for their full-fledged and as a consequence you have a persistent low-level severing epidemic. as transport improves a

the and circumcised men from ehis one had net group for

so, the congo and in most of sub-saharan africa boys are circumcised either at birth or they go to the initiation ceremony of adolescents, and that is as deep and ancient tradition in this society is as it is for muslims, and in the places where male circumcision was routine, hiv never got beyond one or two or 3% because the foreskin is much more vulnerable to hiv and other parts of a man's body and as a consequence, you have a persistent low level epidemic in the basis. as the years go on and the transports moving into the movement continues to become more efficient, hiv makes its way over to east africa into ugonda closest to lake victoria and in those places men are circumcised and that is because they are from a different ethnic tradition rather than coming over from nigeria and west africa they came from sudan and down the nile valley so you have millions of men circumcised and wed makes its way into the population you get these explosives so instead of an infection rate of one or 2% you see ten or 15 and some places 20%, so in a way the easiest way to explain the differences in k

and done nearly 400,000 voluntary medical mail circumcisions. and they will have an enormous benefit from that effort in fewer transmissions, fewer illnesses, more productivity in future years. the vaccine, we're still a long way from where we need to be, but we need to continue to work on it, because it would be without a doubt an enormous contribution. we're trying to see how we can incorporate this and scale it up and eidentify its effectiveness and preeck poe sure is something we need to try to understand better. this is the data from ewe dan ga on the effectiveness on circumcision. as time went on, it didn't go down, it actually went up in terms of the level of effectiveness. 73% effectiveness over a longer time period. so, there's tremendous potential progress by interventions. what we are able to do is increase our partnering is insure that costs decrease and sustainability increases. we've seen systems established, and when the systems are established, the unit costs fall dramatically. drug costs have fallen, but there have been economie

do you have any articles about the benefits of circumcision marks a jewish boy. i know she's not a lesbian. then you don't understand. week 31, i'm not going to sircumicize. i heard on the radio that thomas jefferson owned slaves. he bowed to cultural pressure. some things are just wrong. week 32, i make the mistake of telling my mom i'm struggling with circumcision. i don't think so. i think of the stuff that can get caught in the vagina. that's not nice. andrea. if this child is jewish. he needs to be sircumicized. you don't want your boy to feel strange. that's true. i think my anxiety is fear of having a boy. i am terrified of boys. they are wild and smelly. i said, there is no way to know that. well i know for a fact you don't need it. like i wanted to talk to my dad about his penis. week 34, i don't have the double wide vagina i was hoping for. with just six weeks to go. instructions for peroneal massage. lock hands. apply lubricant. extra virgin olive oil. hold the thumb in place for two minutes or until it becomes numb. slowly massage over the vagina. it'

. >> guest: to circumcise more and then in africa? it is hard to imagine a less appealing subject to take on but my co-author does and finally 2005 now we have very rigorous bright findings that show circumcised men are 70% less likely to get a j.p.. that is of wasted decade. when talk about the science not moving faster. >> host: not to cut you off, of bedford, we have one minute left. i would like you to summarize where to go from here? i remember the page but you have 2 billion paragraphs that say this is what we need to do. that is what we could do best rodrigo from here? >> hef -- . >> tree does many as we can. prevent others from giving them to children. male circumcision save, voluntary and easy and talk about sexual behavior. adobe scared matter how creepy we feel ourselves but share the science and we encourage these programs and be on point* 279 to wade in the interview and the book i encourage people to buy it. we just touched the tip of the iceberg. a fantastic book. >> guest: this was fun. >> i surely appreciate you comin

. >> eric: a report finds the number of circumcision for young boys is this lowest left in years andical experts warn the procedures can -- benefits can out weigh any minor risks. dr. samadi, it is fascinating. they are not doing it. >> circumcision has been debated, and it is controversial, in kids, and, the american society of pediatrics right now, is talking about the fact that there is good scientific data that circumcision actually has potential benefits, but, to do this across the board for every kid, that is controversial and they are not recommending it. the reason why the numbers are going down, many kids, recently, they are cutting down on reimbursement and that -- medicaid is cutting down on reimbursement and that is an issue, the first year of life, after birth, the rate of urinary tract infection is down ten times in circumcised kids. there is health benefits of this and the risk of hiv, and, from uganda, is reduced 50% and that is really beneficial and the history of circumcision is quite important, because it goes back almost 2400 b.c. and, it has been around a long ti

. >>> circumcision may help men's health later in life. men who are circumcised before their first sexual encounter are 15% less likely to contract disease. >>> a study in the journal of pediatrics found a child treated in an emergency room -- every six minutes with a stair- related injury. the best ways to avoid accidents are to keep stair ways clear of debris and to install gates at the top and bottom of stairs. >>> some dc high school students got to explore their future this weekend. the smart college expo took place on the grounds of trinity college in northeast washington. dozens of colleges were there to meet prospective students. >> some of the issues they are facing are, they select the school based on where their friends go or something they look in a magazine and read online. they don't do real research to find out what is really happening a school. >>> the students that are there got an opportunity to tour trinity college and complete financial aid applications right on site. >>> one study found young people chose the school be

malcolm circumcision. looking at the female to male transmission of hiv. the coverage is less than 5% globally. we have seen it can be. it's remarkable and it's done nearly four injured thousand voluntary male circumcision is coming and they will. fewer transmissions, elbe says, which this still. it would be without a doubt a enormous contribution. we are looking at trying to say of the corporate,. this is the data on the effectiveness has time when johnetta didn't go down that actually went up in terms of the sedative netz o do turned it up over a longer time period so there's tremendous progress by scaling up these interventions. what we are able to do is increase our partnering to ensure efficacy increases, costs decrease and sustain a devotees increase. we've seen systems established and with the systems are established, the costs show - dramatically but there's also been economies of scale. we transfer to the local partners and now cdc is providing most services to the local partner some industries of health and others. we have helped to expand the te

this is the data from uganda on the effect biveness of circumcision. as time went on, it didn't go down, it actually went up in terms of the level of e educate ifive -- effectiveness. 73% effectiveness over a longer time period, so there's tremendous progress by scaling up these interventions. what we're able to do is increase our partnering to insure that every cat is si increases -- efficacy increases, cost decrease and sustainability increases. we've seen systems established, and when the systems are established, the unit costs fall dramatically. drug costs have fallen, but there have also been economies of scale. we've transferred services to local partners, and now cdc is providing most of our services through local partners, ministries of health and others. we've helped to expand team-based care, and team-based care is a very, very important initiative. a very important tool that we could learn more from in this country as well. making sure that every member of the health care team is used to their fullest potential will allow us to do better car

this is the data on the effectiveness of circumcision.s time went on, it did not go down, it actually went up in terms of its level of effectiveness. 73% effectiveness over a longer time. we could have potential progress by scaling up these interventions. what we are able to do is increase our partnering to ensure that efficacy increases and sustainability increases. we have seen systems established and when systems are established, the unit cost fall dramatically. drug costs are falling, but they have been to scale. we have transferred services to local partners. now cdc is providing most of our services through local partners, ministries of health, and others. we have helped to start a teen- based care, a very important initiative and a very important tool. make sure that every member of the health care team is used to its fullest potential. that will allow us to do better care for lower-cost and ensure that we have people in the health care system that can support communities. we are also seeing south africa and other countries take on

. -- male circumcisions. those numbers are ambitious. we have 21 months to achieve the. but i am confident we can. at home, we have for the first time in national hiv/aids strategy for this country with the purpose of reducing infections, increasing assets -- access to care, reducing h.i.v.- related disparities in health care and quality, and achieving a more coordinated response to the hiv epidemic. and let's not mistake -- we have significant challenges in this country. 1.2 million people are living with hiv approximately. 1 in five do not know that they have hiv. another 120,000 or so know they have hiv but are not on effective treatment. we are seeing an increase in hiv incidence with young men who have sex with men in african- american communities. we see more than 60% of new infections occur among men who have sex with men. when we look at the accountability, only 28% of all americans living with hiv have the viral dose of drugs. that means their own health is at risk and their partners are at risk. so,

. -- male circumcisions. those numbers are ambitious. we have 21 months to achieve the. but i am confident we can. at home, we have for the first time in national hiv/aids strategy for this country with the purpose of reducing infections, increasing assets -- access to care, reducing h.i.v.-related disparities in health care and quality, and achieving a more coordinated response to the hiv epidemic. and let's not mistake -- we have significant challenges in this country. 1.2 million people are living with hiv approximately. 1 in five do not know that they have hiv. another 120,000 or so know they have hiv but are not on effective treatment. we are seeing an increase in hiv incidence with young men who have sex with men in african-american communities. we see more than 60% of new infections occur among men who have sex with men. when we look at the accountability, only 28% of all americans living with hiv have the viral dose of drugs. that means their own health is at risk and their partners are at risk. so, w

the next one is committee opposing forced male circumcision. it's a pity that didn't end up on the ballot. i would have voted to prevent it. all right. committee to stop mass demolition to housing, a committee to support proposition -- >> i think that's all that fit on there but that's sufficient to identify it. >> that's fine. the next one is san franciscans for ballot measure reform supported by supervisor scott wiener. students first, yes on h. michael evans for sheriff 2011. >> follow the ones. >> got it, sorry. >> sherry baum for mayor, 2011. committee to elect caesar escrum, oscar ruinhouse for mayor 2011. forgive my pronunciation, oscar. the next one is building and manager's association of san francisco political action committee, ballot issues, a.k.a., boma-sf pact ballot issues. the next one is san francisco building and construction trades council, political organization of workers for employees rights, power pack. the next one is the san francisco coalition for responsible growth political action committee. the next one is san franc

i understand he had a circumcision yesterday. now if he urinates or, you know, poops, does that effect the circumcision at all? because i noticed when he did urinate you know, he kind of started crying more so than he ever had, and then i changed him and he was fine. do you think it's sensitive? the area is unquestionably sensitive at this point. but it's-- almost all the babies urinate and defecate over that area and we don't see any significant problem from that. tracey garamone: since he was born we're always listening for any kind of congenital cardiac abnormality. and at this point, what's the heart rate, you know, now that he's out? typically 120, 160. like it was in the womb? yes, and gradually over time, usually over the first two months or so, there'll be a very slow reduction in heart rate. he's very active, and all of his behavior is very appropriate. all of the rooting responses are really excellent. he's doing beautifully. good. if it's in the middle of the night and you're not sure whether what you're worried about

80% of the women in egypt are still being circumcised.ver said that on the television. >> the works ask questions about truth, how we perceive it and how it is defined. a series of featured reports hangs alongside a collection of censored newspaper articles. which one grubs' the viewer's attention? the news reports or the colorful artwork? articles are only part of what is being investigated in this exhibition this artist uses photographs of current events as the basis for his work. the iranian artist tackles the subject of censorship with his installation at newsstands. he has cut sections of these newspaper carpet's, denying the viewer a chance to read the story. this one uses steel bars from earthquake-damaged schools were a thousand pupils were buried to make a statement on a failed reporting about the incident in china. >> i think it is absolutely important to give a voice to people or support a voice where people are attempting to block it from expressing itself. so i think that somebody -- why it is very important to have works lik

we know that prevention of mother to child transmission and voluntary male medical circumcision can be scaled up and have population reach and impact. and we know that infection rates and deaths can be driven down. and this is crucially important and i think informs and forms our response. i want to take a moment to describe to you the diverse work that cdc does all over the world. we're fortunate to have fantastic staff in atlanta and around the world. we have nearly 2,000 people working for cdc around the world and we have another 10,000 people-plus in atlanta who can backstop these individuals in any area, where we need expertise. we recognition that there are huge challenges and other the past year, i've had the privilege of visiting with our staff and seeing some of the programs in a ride range of area. in haiti, where we've been able to improve the ability of the government and of local institutions, to respond to a cholera epidemic. we've prevented more than 9,000 deaths from cholera. much more needs to be done, and we're lacking in resources to improve water and sanitation the

the circumcision is a sinai moment, because the child is brought into the covenant. the wedding is creation moment. >> it's such a central part, the covenant. >> it's the dominant metaphor for us. >> for someone who is not aware of the power of that term, could you unpack it a little bit for us? >> the idea is that the jewish people ultimately - first of all, we believe noah - all humanity - has a covenant with god; noah is every man. and then there's a special covenant made with the jewish people, the purpose of which is to live by the teaching, torah, teach it, live it, follow god's behest, the commandments, carry it on, until there is a universal covenant. that doesn't mean till everybody becomes jewish - it means by that time, by our concept, there won't be any separate institutional religions; that is everybody living as they ought to, as part of an alliance. it's an alliance with god. it's as if the world has to move from original chaos to cosmos or harmony, and everything you do is part of that alliance with god. you can't do it alone - there has to be the god

a study finds circumcision may lower a risk for prostate cancer.vey found there was a 15% reduced risk of the disease if they'd been kirk sized. the reason why is unclear. the findings published in journal cancer. and every six minutes a child in the u.s. is treated in the emergency room for falling down stairs. and there is 93,000 children treated every year from a new study published today. infants come none, being carried up or down stairs rep sebts a quarter of the injury autos turning to consumer news now. there is michael finney now. >> there is a question about getting cheap health care into is a good question. catherine asks a great question on facebook. is there a tried and true way for the noninsured to negotiate cash fees with doctors who are accustomed to charges insurance prices? that is a great question. and you can go in to try to negotiate. what happens is that a doctor will say costs 100s buds they end up charging an insurance company is $40 so what you want to do is pay 40s skpdz not $100 but it's difficult to go in on your own an

the four components that you mentioned in your slide were driven as prevention, voluntary male circumcision and correct and consistent use of condoms. a different kind of for the global aids coordinator talk about the importance -- at different times i have heard the global aids coordinator talk about the importance of prevention. by that i think he meant the various aspects of sexual behavior. i am wondering if the difference in perspectives and priorities between the global aids coordinator and the cdc, or why behavior change did not appear on your list of priority components of combination prevention. >> thank you. from the rear. >> donna very from partners in health. this is world tb week. ines the beginning, so i apologize if you commented on this. but it is clear that we need to build up tv programs. -- tb programs. we are incredibly disappointed in what the administration has asked for this year in bilateral tb funding. we would love to hear more about that. >> ok, sir. >> carlson is with the aids institute. thank you for what your doing. you mentioned that you are focusing the money

he's got a tee shirt, and it says, "circumcision. yes give my consent.ught t i don't know where that guy is coming from, you know. but that's kind of strange. and then i get down in front of the capitol. there is a whole big demonstration against circumcision and a big -- i love the capitol building and, you know, i don't have any big feelings about this issue, i guess, but in front of the capitol, across the front of the capitol, our capitol, on the west side of the capitol across the entire lawn is this huge banner that says: a foreskin is not a birth defect. and i thought, oh, no. >> thought they were going to bring a picture of it there? >> no pictures unfortunately. >> if there was a picture, it would have fit right in there at congress. >> i don't know. i just thought it was a little maybe not fitting for the united states capitol. but on the other hand, why not? it's an issue that some people feel very passionately about. obviously, i saw it yesterday. >> i feel passionately being it but i don't know i would want a big sign on the u.s. capitol. >>