i'm claire potter, professor of history and director of the digital humanities initiative at the new school. and i want to let those in the audience who are tweeting know that the tag for this session is #oah underscore bad president and add the tag oah 2016. so the theme of the conference, as chosen by oah president john butler is on leadership. and as 2016 is a presidential election year, and boy, is it a presidential election year, the program committee assembled a round table of scholars willing to talk about presidential leadership. but about its failures rather than about its successes. this seems particularly timely as the trump juggernaut rolls forward. and just yesterday the clinton and sanders' campaigns engaged in a verbal sparring match about who is the most unqualified candidate to be president. so things are just really getting interesting. the panel we have here today, all of these scholars have written about presidents who were bad in their own special way. although, it did occur to me on the train coming up, that bad to whom might be an important qualifier for this p