. >> clyde posley, you wrote a book about hidden protest narratives in the black american athlete. tell me where you feel it begins. clyde: i believe that the protest narrative actually began the moment that africans were brought to american soil. we are celebrating the dubious 400 year anniversary of that arrival here, and immediately upon the arrival of blacks on the american shores, slaveowners began to be enamored with the black male physique, so much so that it caused them to engage these black men, warriors, several types of warriors and chiefs into various types of sport -- headbutting, cockfighting, and what is familiar to many as mandingo warrior fighting. many of the black males did not want to engage in this, so their first opportunity to show disdain or revolt or rebellion against treatment was through a mechanism that was thrust upon them, which was sports. so that started the evolution of black males using sport as a means to set forth political voice and create the expression of their radical desires to stop oppression. it was a small, menial beginning, but it was an