in the colonies this bred resentment and they began to turn against british control the colonies were flourishing and did not want to follow orders whether in their business dealings or their religious beliefs from the north to the south this was something they agreed on. eventually in boston tensions boiled over. when london issued new duties on basic commodities such as paper leather and the colonies demanded no taxation without representation their protests were met with force. the conflict turned deadly when british soldiers shot and killed 5 people during protests in boston the king in london now offered to abolish all taxes except for the tax on teen but it was too little too late. the revolutionaries in boston now openly challenge the government in london under cover of darkness and disguised as native americans a group of them crept aboard british trading ships and threw 40 tons of teen into the harbor. the raid went down in history as the boston tea party. london responded to the provocation by sending reinforcements and 775 british troops clashed with colonial militias for t

in the new colonies. after up to 7 years of indentured servitude they were given the right to settle on the land assigned to them by the company. the english founded a succession of colonies along the east coast all the way up to modern day boston. jamestown eventually florist for the virginia company it soon became a worthwhile investment. the settlers also planted tobacco which grew so well that virginia tobacco is still the most popular in the world. the europeans or the discovery of tobacco to the native americans who used its leaves for medicinal purposes. they treated snakebites with them and all manner of disease. in 1620 the mayflower set sail from england with a crew of 31 and 102 passengers on board. they were motivated less by material wealth then by freedom. most of them were fleeing religious persecution they were heading for junior 1st but poor weather diverted their ship further north to keep god near boston. they landed in what they called plymouth rock after the english port city they had

is climate change threatening the penguin colonies here. to get stored in the soft some of the species don't exist anywhere else if they disappear that'll be that of those even. always global warming changing the face of an arctic and the lives of its inhabitants. in the davis far flung parts of the world is being affected by climate change. scientists here are searching for solutions to one of the greatest environmental threats of our time. to do that they are prepared to forgo natural light for months on end. s.m.i. seeing the sun again was amazing everyone went out to take a lot of. for this report we traveled to germany southern most scientific research facility. we're taking a direct flight from cape town south africa to antarctica. there's just time for a quick farewell photo that we board a russian built transport aircraft. along with scientists and technicians from 10 different countries. technician halakhah shubert is heading for the new maya research station. the hardly a new comer he's looking forward to the visit. once you disco

to voices from the continent the comp theatre in hamburg germany is renowned for addressing post-colonial issues fell away in sa from senegal it's a frequent guest here along with philosopher ben bay the renowned economist is a leading figure in the current discussion on africa. and i mean if you buy it it's likely you're currently the 2 most important african thinkers and also well known in europe they deal with post colonial issues both of them also stand for a new africa for an f. . on the move. off the stage welcome to. protest that's the term used by the advisor to the french president emanuel to describe his vision for the african continent a radical call for new african perspectives this is a new call for. the future isn't written and not predetermined by others and this is the most important thing to be able to rethink the challenges facing one's own society in complete autonomy and spiritual independence. in 2100 there will be $4000000000.00 africans 40 percent of the world's population europeans will account for only 4 percent. for jobs for economists africa is the final economi

and their bunks the royal family of belgium was also forced to grant its colonies their independence 1st and foremost the basque congo its riches had been plundered by europeans for centuries. back then everyone dreamed of independence on the entire people stood behind their leader. was the prime minister about kosovo who wants the president the 1st congolese president putin the president of the board that this is not well this is . i still remember how all of us the whole of. behind castro who. when what is today the democratic republic of the congo gained independence just a couple sailing better known as like wrong attended the negotiations the singer and band leader guitarist franco and others were among those who made congolese rumba the most popular form of music in subsaharan africa. romber now that's a mixture. there's more than a little cuban in it. it was be a rival of the cubans that really got the congolese rumba going no. the positive energy of that era is manifested in music and was captured on film the work of mali's malik city one of africa's most important photograph

was able to turn around colonial powers and. it has led sometimes to international support. and i think that's what president abbas. really intends to do he he thinks that. responding with more violence will bring in a cycle of violence that will cause a lot of harm and we are no match for the arsenal of the military capability of israel well some people would say the cycle of violence has been getting for years and your prime minister now saying he is conducting intensive regional and international context to deter this aggression can you don't see why the entire arab world shrugs its shoulders when president abbas of the palestinian authority says things like well look we are living in a in an era in which international balance of power. or is totally tilted towards the united states we are living in a mono polar world. compared to the world before 1901 it was a bipolar world that was the soviet union who stood up against colonialism and supported national liberation movements but today. we're probably at the end of a period in which the united states has the. highest capa

feature of the entire colony hit. it's important to us that people in germany for example find out what is happening here and realize we need to protect these. does something has to be done now not in 30 is yesterday. was. penguins have hardly any natural enemies in the antarctic. 2 during the summer months emperor penguins forage the icy waters for food. after breeding the male incubates the female single egg during some of the harshest winter weeks. the researchers often find the carcasses of penguin chicks that have died in extreme cold. alexander vento and ben one of alice take the birds body back to their lab to try to determine the cause and time of death. if indeed it is the use of by that i mean they probably died 2 or 3 months ago does she but you can tell by their size . these entire bodies are frozen so they've been well preserved this is of a god he's a lot of the chicks die young in these extreme conditions cells if it's really tough here. it's enough hard to do more in here we found a lot of dead chicks

in colonial settlements but at least the european union at one time took the. position that it will at least differentiate between products produced in occupied territory and products produced in israel proper and this labeling thing was instituted but it was not implemented and very few european countries did implemented and now we have a supreme court ruling that it's illegal to sell products that are not labeled i think it's a step in the right direction. thank you after the break we ask a former u.k. home office minister and privy councillor to the queen woman baker about the british monarchy is royal robbery of the public purse as netflix is arguably sanitized the crown it's a video streaming devices around the world all this and more coming up about 2 of going underground. in a world of big part of the mob and conspiracy it's time to wake up to dig deeper to hit the stories that made stream media refuses to tell more than ever we need to be smarter we need to stop slamming the door on the bath and shouting past each other it's time for critical thinking i

i don't think this process could be described as colonialism as a new kind in a way of colonialism yes it's a new multinational colonialism heinies free. trade agreements reveal hidden mechanisms to which europe is on the one hand colonized by multinational companies and financial institutions and on the other hand colonizing itself. however these very same forces are behind a more traditional style of colonization which is not through trade agreements but for bombs and wars. the us british and french air strikes against president at half in libya in 2011 swept away a regime that was controlling migrant fulls from africa into least huge amounts of weapons into an already unstable region. the females suggest the real reasons for francis involvement were less than humanitarian. gadaffi had accumulated more than 143 tons of gold and was planning to use this to introduce. an african dyna as an alternative currency to the franc in francophone africa so this was a threat to french colonial worst. desires within the francophone countries. this reveals precisely how the refugees are linked to

portuguese news outlets are not above dealing in colonial nostalgia either but with colonialism and its legacy under examination like never before the media have become the battleground for a tussle over portugal's past and race relations in the here and now. most famous when the news media's going to present us who we have in a media what i'd call a dispute over historical memory there's a certain rightwing elite who are trying to glorify the colonial past for instance they often say that the portuguese wants is racist of other colonizers because they mix with the local population they're well aware that people of color are getting more of a voice in the media and this is part of their strategy to undermine the rise of anti racists politics our sister political. it's obvious how the media try to romanticize colonialism in the so-called discoveries but having this discourse about the past is then transferred to the present with people looking through the same rose tinted spectacles in both directions past and past as a result the media are incapable of noticing that it's already exists

then in berlin was this an actual these are substantial reminders of the colonial past. and people are still discussing how we're supposed to deal with this legacy. institution freshening. because it's a question is why are we still honoring those who played a role in germany's violent past the entire divide follow shifted all of the talk. some of africa's top stars are playing here in central berlin. this is for the 17 from tanzania. looking. to something. else. that's something. real spirit of africans in berlin tonight. yeah you feel. really nice to be here let's do this. c c c i'm going to keep the body know exactly what i'm thinking when it comes. to see her is that the. yes i was going to go in and tell me take it down so you don't think let's listen to music. to give you an answer m.d.c. is the reigning queen of bongo flavor tanzania's version of hip hop she sings fluently in 3 languages english french and her native swahili. these days a lot of african bands are marketed as international pop instead of world music and they're hoping to change the way people in th

here in berlin the history of german colonialism is still visible in some street signs.that not baghdad. bed in billings doesn't actually increase or substantial reminders of the colonial past. and people are still discussing how we're supposed to deal with this legacy. institution question they might win. because of the question is why are we still honoring those who played a role in germany's violent past getting tired of fighting for life or shifted. some of africa's top stars are playing here in central park. this is for the 70 from tanzania. to something. that is nothing. that's something. real spirit of africans in berlin tonight. yeah you feel. really nice to be here let's do this. i want you to keep the body you know exactly what i'm thinking when it comes. to see her like the now look. what you get i was going to go on and tell me take it down see you then think. we'll see bonanza m.d.c. is the reigning queen of bongo flavor tanzania's version of hip hop she sings fluently in 3 languages english french and her native swahili. these days a lot of african bands ar

message is clear as a former colony ourselves we more than others understand what you really need. i'll have a closer look at this issue together with christiane voc by he's a senior fellow at the german institute for international security fast welcome to the studio and how is india's approach to africa viewed that similar to china's well it's a little bit different india has a long tradition with every can country does goes back to colonial times india has always been a strong supporter of the decolonization process in africa especially in the 1960 s. 1970 s. india has also be seen as a leader of the global south especially in international fora like the united nations so india could benefit a lot from these traditions more over india has also started its own development corporation with with many african countries in the ninety's sixty's so it has given capacity building training programs for many african countries what in which way is the the indian approach to forging close of trade ties with africa different from china well india could use a little bit ot is trying to use mor

does sovereignty rest in parliament, or in the colonial charters and colonial legislatures? the principle of consent also implies one other political principle, which is representation. representation is the core principle defining republican government. this third truth establishes or implies a constitutional republic as the ideal form of government. let's now go to the fourth self-evident truth, which reads "whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it and to institute new government, laying on its foundation most likely to effect their safety and happiness." this fourth truth is very complex, like the third self-evident truth. it is not obviously self-evident. it is self-evident only in the sense that it builds on the third self-evident truth, which builds on the second, and the second builds on the first. they are held as a unity. if you understand the first self-evident truth and principal of equality can be understood as self-evident in some way, and by logical deduction, you go from the first,

we had the colonial experience. it is a good history of impeachment from the year 1635 when the first impeachment occurred in the colonies, to 1805, by two people. impeachment, to really get the feel of it, one has to go back and study the history of impeachment in the english experience. one can read that in the book impeachment, the constitutional problems. one can read the impeachments in alexolonial era by reading . i don't know whether it is an abbreviation for alexander or not, but it probably is. rights its readers -- he writes a treatise on federal impeachment. one can read it in black's handbook on impeachments. one can learn a lot from reading the chief justice's book, grand inquest. brian: you read it? sen. byrd: yes. i have read half of it. i have read a lot of material on this matter. the halfad the have -- that you with president andrew johnson's because that was a little more pertinent to me at this point then reading the part adam, mr.f justice chase --ay's, seminole samuel chase. the statement made.

president trump threatens to destroy dozens of cultural sites in iran we will be all primes and colonial blunder with one of the world's greatest human rights lawyers geoffrey robertson all this and more coming up in today's going underground but 1st the world is not the same since donald trump ordered the killing of iranian soldier caught some salami who along with his iraqi popular mobilization unit counterparts were drone strike on friday at baghdad airport joining me now from tel aviv is former israeli ambassador to the united states danny ayalon thanks so much about coming back on the show let's just begin with what you think your well indicted prime minister netanyahu meant when he said israel should not be dragged into what was an american event yes it was a totally american wholly owned american operation and i believe it came following the attack on the american embassy in baghdad but basically i think the united states was fed up with the intervention of iran through. the iranian revolutionary guard and most of the. force the oca's force which was headed by general assembly mon

-- and part of the american colonies. she and a lot of other people like her were asked to forget everything they have been immersed in for the last 60 years and the like. everything you've learned, you have to unlearn. everything you know is wrong. you don't bow down to kings, the british parliament is not running things, you don't take your orders from parliament, we the deck andble throw off that colonial power, and we will become an independent nation. this is earth shattering for a lot of people. this is before the internet, before regular newspapers and television. thes of communication are spoken word, written word, and newspapers. things moved slowly, but when the revolution happens, which goes in slow motion because the american revolution really starts probably 10 or 15 years 1776, allhe july 14, edict ofking george's american colonies not to settle the ohio valley. overlong period of time, 10 years or more, great britain and parliament, and the king are pushing more and more down on the american colonists, and

this is an important message in a country like south africa where traces of its colonial past be found everywhere. no one under stresses that this alternative perspective was sorely missing up until now given the schools but now to those like those in the fun in not losing congreve school absent to the progress i once a moment african. because it is my crouch no one in this book embraces african history and culture as it covers shoes ranging from the rise of mission civilizations country to slavery colonialism struggles for independence unfitness africans. and it's really inspired and indeed teaches people about cultures yes or coups i feel chilly because we don't have books like this. every spring and new millennium but in the next confident the effort to pay off the popularity of problem is to rise and perhaps one day how walk when it will become compulsory in schools across africa. is that report got you curious to know all about some of the most famous. across africa's history you can also check out the w's online multimedia project if we can. that leads me to our next big question

this is an important message in a country like south africa where christmas of its colonial past comes to be found everywhere. no one under stress is that this alternative perspective was so unison up until now even in school. but now it goes like those in a funny and can grease school cops and proud of iowa into a moment the rise of civilizations country to slavery colonialism struggles for independence and famous africans. and his remains and indeed teaches people about cultures. i feel chilly because we don't have books like he. does every. new millennium that's confident that her effort to pay off the popularity of property is to rise and perhaps one day how walk when you have become compulsory in schools across africa. if that report got you curious to know more about some of the most famous. across africa's history you can also check out the dabney's online multimedia project if we can. that leads me to our next big question what are the roots of identity. all reports are 80 k. money went to our home city nairobi to find out and she is joined by a special guest b n i. a member of

this established freedom of the press in britain's american college -- colonies. the decoration of independence, the national birth certificate. 1785, the minutes of the new york ammunition society. , aroup found in new york slave state in order to put the state on the road to abolition. this was to close one of the gaps in america's pursuit of liberty -- the most serious 1 -- the existence of channel slavery. it would take a civil war to end it. some of the steps begin in new york in 1785. 1787 -- the constitution, written in that year ratified the following year. 1823, the monroe doctrine. this is a foreign policy document. it also has a political and ideological component. we were not only telling european powers they could not colonize further in the new world -- we were telling them they couldn't establish their political systems in the new world. no more kings in the western hemisphere. that is what president james monroe with telling congress and the world. the declaration of sentiments of the seneca falls women's rights convention. this was a call for wome

colonial bloodshed and oppression we speak to its author alleged to be human rights barrister geoffrey robertson. all those are all going up and walk through of going underground. but if she warned you and i did the dishes at the bottom or those jeans nudist beach and you see me we to you. and about that. in the news i mean that so that in fact involve. a lot of. fuzzy parts about 2 kids each other both sides. as if. the. cabinet felt they were days doing. people who simply knew. in the united states presidential candidates debate the future of the u.s. and the world. max kaiser and stacy her but to get into the burning questions of this election cycle one every week will stacks student debt trade wars corporate money universal basic. and more catch up with what's front running this sunday exclusively on r.t. . welcome back more now on the fallout of the u.s. assassination of got some silly money one of the things that even president trump's hawk supporters of distance themselves from this week it is apparent threat to destroy cultural heritage sites in iran so what should be the conse

signed up to the convention should be returned before the end items that were taken in colonial wars stolen with the one exception of not the loot the property stolen from jews by nazis there are laws enforcing return and restitution when you talk about article 10 an article 11 should there be an article of an maybe in the geoffrey robertson charter because donald trump is threatening the cultures of sovereign nations of what happens to lenders of artifacts who threaten. existing militia go to jail and they have those who bomb dubrovnik went to jail should up be limited to american museums as long as the president of the united states relates to serious matter i think whether or not it should be restored to a particular country from whom it's been stolen. depending on whether that country shares the same kind of artistic freedom and respect for its cultural heritage as it does for its own people and countries like china whose record on the we goes for example and on human rights advocates jailing them for many you want to contest for the we are good they should and yes but nonetheles

when france lost the war in 1962, it abandoned its former colony.dent algeria, thousands of harkis faced brutal prosecution for siding with the former colonial ruler. surge carol was one, and he has been telling witness history about his ordeal. translation: the harki were local forces on the side of the french army in algeria's independence war. we gave everything for france but what we didn't know was that france would abandon us. newsreel: as tensions rise in french north africa, france arms her algerian supporters for defence against rebel raids. the prefect of this province personally hands out weapons to recruits where hundreds are being enrolled daily. translation: i was about 17 and a half, 18 years old at the time. you had to choose between france and the rebels. my father had been in the french army and fought in world war i. my brothers were also in the french army. so i chose france. i was proud of what we did. proud of serving france. we were always sent out in front of the french troops. if there was an attack, the harki would be the f

about the colonial penn program.ere to tell you if you're age 50 to 85, and looking to buy life insurance on a fixed budget, remember the three p's. what are the three p's? the three p's of life insurance on a fixed budget are price, price, and price. a price you can afford, a price that can't increase, and a price that fits your budget. i'm 54. alex, what's my price? you can get coverage for $9.95 a month. i'm 65 and take medications. what's my price? also $9.95 a month. i just turned 80. what's my price? $9.95 a month for you too. if you're age 50 to 85, call now about the #1 most popular whole life insurance plan, available through the colonial penn program. it has an affordable rate starting at $9.95 a month. no medical exam, no health questions. your acceptance is guaranteed. and this plan has a guaranteed lifetime rate lock, so your rate can never go up for any reason. so call now for free information. and you'll also get this free beneficiary planner. and it's yours just for calling. so call now. >>> it's time

portuguese news outlets are not above dealing in colonial nostalgia either but with colonialism and its legacy under examination like never before the media have become the battleground for a tussle over portugal's past and race relations in the here and now. lost a movement in the news media that the present us who we haven't a media what i'd call a dispute over historical memory there's a certain rightwing elite who are trying to glorify the colonial past for instance they often say that the portuguese once is racist of other colonizers because they mix with the local population they're well aware that people of color are getting more of a voice in the media and this is part of their strategy to undermine the rise of anti racists politics and our sister put into a wall. it's obvious how the media try to romanticize colonialism in the so-called discoveries but having this discourse about the past is then transferred to the present with people looking through the same rose tinted spectacles in both directions past and past as a result the media are incapable of noticing that it's alread

colonialism captain cook or did but captain cook never 5 as at indigenous people he only fires warning shots even when he fuck has at their stomachs so what it says is that ok up to and cook fired warning shots and they drop to glenn have to go show that mean it'll be over the name card decidedly british music. we return it could it be in danger of a climate change of we send things back there it would be the most precious. most precious cultural treasure for the indigenous people who spread it that's why they want it back and they're supported by their parliaments but of course it's not coming back because the british museum is so arrogant and a moral that it doesn't return anything it's not prepared no matter how brutally the british army and he did act brutally in the 19th century it would kill the men the women the children on so-called punishment raids then it would steal everything it could lay its hands on they called it they did it officially and the one dues the treasures of any in the treasures of mecca the treasures of these places and indeed the treasures of china. the 8th

but our public memory commands colonial we him's berg colonial williamsburg, jamestown. and it is also forgotten during that time because in a few short weeks after williamsburg, a massive clash around richmond. and newspapers that were just getting ready to write about williamsburg switch, ok, we will write about seven days instead. the failures of scholarship over the last 150 years, only within last few years have we gotten decent books about the battle of williamsburg, the importance of the peninsula campaign, so why not write about williamsburg? some of the best books from our favorite historians, one in particular, has six pages about the battle of williamsburg. six pages, that's it. maybe it is not a sexy topic? maybe it is not nearly as interesting? maybe the publisher said no. so it is my goal in the next three and a half hours of my lecture to make you realize that civil war williamsburg is the historic triangle's most important period. how many of you have been to the battlefield? let me back up. how many have been to busch gardens? yes, you have been to the b

how many of you have been to colonial williamsburg? lovely and they say history is dying. you are on the civil war battlefield, there, too because there's the ren building at the college of william and mary. so my goal is to make you realize that this is an exciting, sexy topic and yes, you'll want to buy the book that doug and i are working on and yes, you'll want to bid on the walking tour that's in the back and i will also do it in the lens through personal stories because for the guys that fought there, this battle was immensely confusing and since we're not standing on the battlefield today where i can point and say there is where the first massachusetts was, i'm not going to talk about heavy battlefield maneuvers. it doesn't pair well with a heavy, big lunch and then i'll talk about what preserves it and you're on point and on tank the next couple of speakers and these are forgotten battles and what we've not asked ourselves as a community is what can we do to fix it? so off we go. why here? when i arrived to williamsburg, the articles said it was ill conceived and p