if you look at that history, david has briefed me on what he will say, there was a posse comi tadas. even roberts institution of the police, -- in england, dependent on a sense of community, that the police come from the community. i think you will be interesting to review the findings of your force. against the light of a police history that few people know about or look into. i did want to say that the group was founded by ernest burgess. he was a sociology professor at the university of chicago who pioneered the application of social science to criminal justice studies. one of ourher as past presidents was the dean of the law school and a prominent criminologist. a bunch of old people, but we like to look at these things historically. i look forward to what happens in a review of your report against the historical background and thank you for your presentation. prof. meares: thank you. >> hello. in spite of all the efforts to shift from warrior to guardian mentality no matter how the post certification requirements have changed, whatever training takes place, there will be some of