so they took another look at mister commodus, curious little white paper, and they've recently been spending a $1000000000.00 a year in block chain research. isn't it? on a photoshoot anti bank invention? it's all being used by the banks to move money faster and buy big business to track supply chain. ah, crypto currencies digital tokens, public block chains, private block chains. where is the killer app? well, adoption of new technology often follows oh trends. my name is mark francesca, i'm here at oxford dinners, oxford. i'm a faculty. i'm economic sociologist by training, interested in how large scale infrastructure changes. so great to see you after 9 years. i know mark teaches a class on innovation and system building. he tells me what must align for new technology to become fruitful. all technologies start out as interesting ideas. some of them begin to develop the innovations and we know that that are from invention to innovation, takes all the time. it takes a lot of work. some of those innovations eventually become commercially viable. but can this technology ever become as pervasi