that is part of the reason why there has not been more research accomplished on the confe derados. although i challenge students and scholars to research in this area. i think it's a promising area of >> [inaudible] >> thank you, casey. and its legacies. john hennessy. [applause] >> good morning. thank you, david. i don't know if any of you recognize the effort that goes into a conference like this. the staff is working like dogs to create a program that will connect all of you hopefully in a meaningful way to this history. it's for a good to be here. this is one of the few long-standing, and during conferences every year. most of them have faded away but this one simply does not. every year it seems to get better and better. it is nice to be here. i'm going to turn the tide on you this day a little bit and ask you some questions rather than have you ask me questions, although we will get to that as well. why is the civil war so dam hard for americans to deal with? we will talk about the war as it extends beyond appomattox, but i want to start with a story to kick us off. a couple

that is part of the reason why there has not been more research accomplished on the confe derados. although i challenge students and scholars to research in this area. i think it's a promising area of research particularly if you're interested in pan americanism and portuguese. >> to help you with your answer to that question -- did that help you with your answer to that question? >> sure. >> [inaudible] >> thank you, casey. >> thank you, patrick. >> thank you for enlightening us on such an interesting subject. casey has two books. women of war just came out. i'm sure he will be happy to sign copies for you. we have our 10 minute break and then we will come back with our final speaker, john hennessy. >> we will be back to our coverage of the closing of the civil war seminar at longwood university in 10 minutes. we will hear from john hennessy that chief historian at fredericksburg. we will be back live on american history tv on c-span three. while we are waiting for the seminar to resume, we will take a look at our recent look at the south carolina archives. >> we are at the south