and that would be in richmond, the white house of the confederacy.t is here he will stay four months to remain incarcerated at fort monroe for almost two years. he would never see his day in court. he would never be acquitted. he would retire and write his memoirs and live to the age of 80. with the understanding that jefferson davis was charged with three federal indictments, many folks in the united states, men of wealth, men of influence, decided that that was not going to be the best way to heal the nation. to try jefferson davis, with the fear that he might be acquitted, would cast a shadow over 3.2 million people going to war and over 750,000 of them losing their lives. at the conclusion of the american civil war, the priority of not only our congress and the president, but the citizens of the united states, was to reunite the country and make us once again a strong union. for this reason, many confederate officers would not be charged with the role of treason. in fact, we see many of those officers actually have roles and occupied positions wi

he once called the confederacy -- he said the confederacy preferred to be a large part of nothing that a small part of something. he never trusted slaveholders, even after slavery ended. harold: i'm going to ask a question based on an image. in 1865, frederick douglass in a eulogy said that abraham lincoln was the black man's president, at the unveiling of this now politically incorrect statue in washington, funded entirely by free people of color, by the way. it is by a white sculptor. at the dedication, frederick douglass said that lincoln was the white man's president, that african-americans were his stepchildren. he also said raise high his monuments. it is an interesting evolution. what do you think it accounts for, and where was douglass in questioning lincoln? this is the 11th anniversary of the lincoln assassination. edna: a lot of water had run under that bridge between those dates. i think that douglass really was optimistic in 1865 that things will change. by the time he is doing that speech at the dedication, he recognizes it is going to be much tougher than that because bl

to barbara johnson the jena is welcome news there is no room for celebrating the bigotry of the confederacy the capitol or any other place of or not in our country. us symbols of america's slave owning past the been removed in recent months the movement snowballed following the death of george floyd in minneapolis and may join an old cation with police it spread to several other countries with activists destroying or removing monuments associated with historical racism. or. or. it was. tempers are still flaring after that summer of statue toppling on to get some perspective from both sides we spoke with conservative commentator christopher harris and distorted gerald hall. even today there are more symbols of statues honoring races and play voters then and races and the slavery applicants this is outrageous badges and berlin there were still statutes honoring herman gerbils or at all 'd hitler for example the i would be considered outrageous it may be true that you cannot undo the past but certainly you can honor the best up the path and you can remove the worst of it i think that's what th

a tribute to bob or johnson is welcome news there is no room for celebrating the bigotry of the confederacy the capitol or any other place of or not in our country or near a symbols of america's slave owning past how have been removed in recent months the movements noble after the death of george floyd in minneapolis back in majoring in alter cation with police it spread to several other countries with activist destroying or removing monuments associated with historical races i. or tempers are still flaring after the summer of start yourself link to get some perspective from both sides we spoke with conservative commentator christopher horace historian gerald ford. even today there are more symbols of statues honoring races and labelled hours then and races and slavery happening and this is now the greatest badge of it in berlin there were still statutes honoring hermann gerbils or at all 'd hitler for example that i would be considered outrageous certainly removing statues of elop that are anchors the pro nazi forces the pro fascist forces but they deserve to be anchored i believe that the

so don't get any ideas about messing with us or trying to help the confederacy. so both he and nast in many ways are sending different messages to different audiences, using christmas and using santa claus. he will augment this by hosting a lot of receptions in the white house during christmas. he will make it a point for he and his cabinet to visit the troops at christmas, both in hospitals and at camps. lincoln considers christmas to be so important in nast's work in promoting christmas to be so important that he will say that santa was the best recruiting sergeant the north ever had. now, to reenforce this, we look at what happens in 1864 when general sherman makes his decisive victory in capturing the port city of savannah. this is one of the many people consider this one of the death nels of the confederacy. how does sherman characterize this when he informs lincoln. he says -- he telegraphs lincoln, i beg to present you as a christmas gift the city of savannah. and how does lincoln respond? many, many thanks for your christmas gift, the capture of savannah.

to barbara johnson vaccinia is welcome news there is no room for celebrating the bigotry of the confederacy the capitol or any other place of or not in our country are numerous symbols of america's voting past have been removed in recent months the movements lowballed after the death of george floyd in minneapolis back in may so all to cation with police it's brought to several other countries with activists the strong war removing monuments associated with historical racism i thank. you thank you we've all term possess the flaring off about some more of that if you topple again to get some perspective from both sides we spoke with conservative commentator christopher harris and historian gerald ford. even today there are more symbols of statues honoring races and play voters then and see races and see slavery happening and this is an outrageous badge of berlin there were still statutes honoring herman gerbils or at all 'd hitler for example the i would be considered outrageous it may be true that you cannot undo the past but certainly you can honor the best up the us and you can remove the

grant who has brought the nation together and surrounded by the disembodied head of the confederacy.n at the best of reunion, those are the awkward moments christmas is a time to bind the wound and reunite the american family. now as the years following the civil war go by, there's more and more of a feeling that there is a role that holidays can play to help unite our country. and that will focus on certain key holidays that people believe all americans can enjoy. this effort is focused on bringing the north and the south together. it is also focused on dealing with the fact that there are more and more immigrants coming into the country. during the period of 1860-1870, even though there's a war going on, more than 5.5 million immigrants come to this country. again, there's this need to try to find these unifying forces that bring people together. and one will be in the holiday. in 1870, once union general, now president of all of the united states, grant signs into law a series of bills that make certain key holidays national holidays. and they are, christmas, the fourth of july, a

in rapid succession deep southern states joining south carolina to form the confederacy. mississippi, florida, georgia, alabama, texas, and louisiana. >> we talked about what james buchanan did, abraham lincoln stayed in his home city of springfield, illinois. how visible was he during this period? >> is visible locally for sure. he takes visitors. you can imagine the number of requests for patronage or staffing or jobs or things like that, a lot of well-wishers as well. but the interesting thing is this is where lincoln is scrutinize. in other words, i would say for a long time, civil war scholars really looked at this period and thought why didn't lincoln do more? why didn't he reach out more? placate the deep south more. he has been described as the master of inactivity. in other words, he is very careful about what he says. he does speak but does not speak about slavery and what he repeatedly says is my record stands for itself. what he means there is that on many issues, he is open to hearing suggestions, he wants to halt the momentum of secession. there is one issue

who becomes the vice president of the confederacy. these are men he trusts.nd in the case of alexander stephens this is a man who openly criticizes this union. stephen says to his fellow southerners, this is not the way to get what we want. we are safer in the union then than out of the union. in my mind lincoln is reaching out strategically. it does not work out. north carolina and georgia joined the confederacy, but he is putting out feelers to push things in a certain direction. host: another interesting contrast between the incumbent and the incoming president. james buchanan was perhaps the most experienced politician of the era. he held almost every post you can think of before ascending to the presidency. abraham lincoln, one failed senate campaign and one term in congress. so what do you make in terms of the difference and political skills between the two without the requisite experience behind it? susan: i was reflecting on that this morning. i thought to myself, abraham lincoln would have a tough time today in the experience realm. he would not fare

that strategically as a win for a confederacy. lead takes a tremendous risk here because he sees the potential for a large strategic game for the confederacy. >> just quickly and send it over to john. we still have -- i think we will go a little over today. we would like to get, if you do not mind, get a little sneak preview of the next volume. i just want to reflect upon your recent comments, scott. we are referring to the logistical breakdown that occurred in these army as it made its way through northern virginia and into maryland. i know it's a book or i should say an article that you cite put. he did a fantastic article of the logistics of the maryland campaign. that piece and again i'm usually pretty good. we do a lot of showing tell here, scott. i do not have that book in front of me. if you have any interest at all, i think it's one of the first to really push -- he can find archival material all over the place. the other thing. scott, we have had a conversation and i do not think we talked about a last week when we were o

so he fought for the confederacy. and he is willing. and he agrees that the inscription on the wall, the dead were brave. and i must be brave enough to face them. it is not the first time. memorial hall, is divided into three. the cedar on one side, dining hall on the other. it's real business happens in between them. high arch, and on its walls or tablets, with the name of harvard civil -- . they listed by the class year, done by the battle and the day of the death. so james writes, he writes that the hall speaks of duty and honor, and sacrifice. but he does not tell us the meaning that i had for him. two of his cousins are listed there. and so is a man named robert moon shaw. that was a regiment of black troops, with white officers. one of the first such units that the army was reluctant to step them to accept them. they took many casualties in the first major battle near charleston. they were defeated. but in defeat they showed a skeptical white america. that blackmon would make good soldiers. a lot more to say about that later. the

it doesn't work out, obviously, north carolina and georgia join the confederacy, but he is putting outse feelers to try to push things in a certain direction. >> here, as you're talking another interesting contrast between the incumbent and the incoming president because james buchanon was perhaps the most experienced politician of the era. he had almost every post you can think of before ascending to the presidency. abraham lincoln one failed senate campaign and one term in congress. what do you make of the difference in political skills between the two without the requisite experience behind it? >> you know, i was reflecting on that this morning and abraham lincoln had the experience realm and he wouldn't farewell as a one-term congressman who goes back to practicing law in springfield. that's a tough one because lingeron's estimation grows in hindsight. one thing we failed to appreciate was how much criticism lincoln received during the war, throughout the war from different camps, obviously hated in many parts of the south, but also deeply resented by democrats in the north for pro

know that they're the ones who put them up they don't want the rest of the world to know that the confederacy was pretty much all democrats but now they want to celebrate and they want to be they want to get the credit for taking them down as if now they're such great fighters against racism and slavery when they're the ones who put them up there removing these statues so they can remove their own. their own just horrid the history. on this some global news rounded up for you starting with thousands of dr a stuck up motorways and lorry parks in southern england france has reopened its border with the u.k. the whole is need to test negative for corona virus before they can leave the country the border was close to 48 hours of a new strain of cousin that. elsewhere at least 21 people have been injured 9 critically following an explosion in central baltimore yesterday it happened on the 16th floor of the baltimore gas and electric building the cause of that explosion is unknown. and the new leventon thailand relevance bring children christmas gifts got a topical twist this year the children bein

for a large strategic gain for confederacy. >> quickly, i'll send it over to john. we'll go a little over today, but that's fine if you don't mind. we would like to get a little sneak preview of the next volatility. i just want to reflect upon your recent comment, scott. we're referring to the logistical breakdown that occurred in lee's army as it made its way through northern virginia and into maryland. i know it's a book that -- or i should say an article that you site. pete did a fantastic article on the logistics of the maryland campaign just on lee's army. that piece -- i'm usually pretty good -- we do a lot of somehow and tell here, scott. i don't have that book in front of me. if you have any interest in logistics at all, i think it's one of the first to really -- as keith can do almost like no one else, he can find archival material all over the place. the other thing we've had a conversation, i don't think we talked about it last week when we were on the battlefield. tim silver's book on the environmental history of the civil war, they have a fantastic chap

the irony hundreds of thousands of millions of dollars being given for united daughters of the confederacy, sons of confederate veterans. they are promoting the very partisan view that people believe is embodied by some of the statuary. of course, statuary we discussed was often divided into the statues directed to honor the -- such as erected -- statues erected to honor the dead. some that were garage military to remind people of the cause for which they were erected and in our discussions we talked about how could we make people understand that many of the statues were not put up in the wake of the war but they were put up in the 20th century with the rising white nationalism. some of them were very explicitly erected with signage that very clearly tried to promote a notion of white superiority and connected to the confederate cause and connect back to the legacy of the american civil war. i will say that i love participating in the roundtable for confederate statues and memorialization because having these dynamic scholars really going head-to-head and toe to toe was really amazing to m

it insists that neither the confederacy nor its soldiers have any claim on the power they sought to ruin. still, whenever i read "the b s bostonians," i'm stirred by bazel's heart of emotion. and when i step into memorial hall, i remember the year 1909 to 1910. an equal mississippian would have to come through that door if he wanted to eat. there were other doors in the dining hall, and he wouldn't always have had to walk past that hall of names. eventually this young southerner would die himself. what would he make of them? "the sound and the fury" begins with a short story of four children whose parents had sent them outside to play. they're hoping to keep the children from realizing that their grandmother just died. but the second born was curious. she was a child called catty from kansas. her drawer under her short dress had gotten muddy and wet. now she climbs a tree next to the house. she looks inside an upstairs window. she's curious, she wants to see what's going on. and her brothers, they stare up at her from below. that moment will fix them forever. she remains soiled. only bro

that they were the ones who put them up they don't want the rest of the world to know that the confederacy was pretty much all democrats but now they want to celebrate and they want to be they want to get the credit for taking them down as if now they're such great fighters against racism and slavery when they're the ones who put them up there removing these statues so they can remove their own. their own just horrid the history. some will need to embrace now thousands of drivers remain stuck on motorways and lorry parks and summoning sudden england ally france has reopened its border with the u.k. horn is need to test negative for corona virus to leave the country the border was closed 48 hours over a new strain of code even found in britain and these $21.00 paper to be 9 critically after an explosion in central bolton will yesterday the incident happened on the 16th floor of the baltimore gas and electric building efficient code is unknown at this time and then you. elephants bring children christmas gifts got a topical twist this year when the children were given facemasks as part of a

to know that they're the ones who put them up they don't want to risk the world to know that the confederacy was pretty much all democrats but now they want to celebrate and they want to be they want to get the credit for taking them down as if now they're such great fighters against racism and slavery when they're the ones who put them up there removing the statues so they can remove their own when the. dear own just horribly history. to click some of the global news festival thousands of drivers remain stuck on motorways in the area parks in southern england france has reopened its border with the u.k. one is the need to test negative for trying to virus in order to leave the country the boat was close to 48 hours because of a new strain of covert found impotent. house where at least 21 people have been injured 9 critically after an explosion in central baltimore yesterday the incident happened on the 16th floor of the baltimore gas and electric building efficient calls from 1009. $101.00 you'll event in thailand where elephants bring children christmas gifts go to typical tourist this yea

the confederacy knew if attempts at independence of doing in 1861 what the colonies did in 1776, was going to require the help of foreign power, dependent on southern cotton. britain was tempted to recognize the independence of confederacy, if it did that, then it would have been a great boon to the confederate hopes, but britain had ended slavery in the empire 30 years before. and there was a moral and political opposition to slavely from britain and the idea of recognizing a slave holding republic, but as long as lincoln was saying this isn't about slavery then there's no givens difference between the know are the and south. to prevent that from happening. lincoln said i better make this about slavery if the british say if you stay neutral and helps the north and helps the cause of anti-slavery. if you support the south you're overturning 30 years of your own policy and supporting slavery. >> fascinating, fascinating turn there. it wasn't all the abolitionist the support of britain. you point out in the book, the irony that lincoln's political past leads to far more bloodshed than

in 1861, we had the confederacy in charge, and four years later, we were back to the united states. but probably the single factor that shaped san antonio's character and it's appearance and it's very being was its isolation on the texas frontier. we're inland, a couple hundred miles from the texas coast. and the only way to reach san antonio was by ox cart from the texas coast. and that took a couple of days when it wasn't raining. it was a very difficult city to get to. until san antonio finally got a railroad in 1877. at which point san antonio began to explode. the tourism business was one of the first that took off, because san antonio had been a familiar topic of magazines and other publications, periodicals in the united states. reporters would love to come to san antonio and report on what it looked like. this didn't please people in houston where the railroad came from. after the railroad came, one newspaper over there reported that hordes of people went to san antonio for a day to peep around and then come back and tell everyone how queer the city looked. and it did. that

exempted other portions of the confederacy as well. what you really need to get rid of slavery is abolish all state laws. that was created by state law and those rules are still on the books when the emancipation proclamation is enacted. freeing people is not quite the same thing as abolishing slavery. the 13th amendment eradicate slavery throughout the entire country and has a second section which is extremely important which basically says congress will have the power to enforce this amendment with appropriate legislation. what does it mean to enforce the abolition of slavery? nobody can be bought and sold anymore but it includes all sorts of things denial of education, denial of the right of marriage and all sorts of rights are taken away if your slave does abolishing slavery restore those rights to everybody? what about racism that is essential does it also abolish racism giving the federal government the power to attack racism is a relic or residue of slavery? nobody knew. but the simple act of abolishing slavery becomes much more

and lincoln declares the war against slavery than maryland has almost no choice but to join the confederacy. it was that happens and they would have to evacuate washington dc. it would be very much harder to hold the ohio river so lincoln new on constitutional and strategic rounds to make this would be counterproductive that the north word is hardly unified and then to issue a call for volunteers and to save the union if they issued a call for 75000 volunteers to free the slaves would have gone anywhere near 75000 opinions in the north was not universal and the fact for most northerners it wasn't that big of a deal it was for john brown maybe they were mildly opposed smack with that shift because it was also for the jefferson davis but it is stage fright. and then to say this wasn't about slavery but at the beginning of the war and the ordinance of secession it is clearly identified as the proximate cause now the seceding states all stay every state including massachusetts and new york have a right to secede but they also understand you don't just do this for any reason at all. no. because

the confederacy, when it does form and go to war, is stronger than it might have otherwise been.hanan's in action and its consequences. host: why would a sitting president not use federal troops to defend that garrisons? susan: the real question is whether he isn't violating state rights and whether he has the power to do that. she does send the star in the west in early january off the coast of south carolina to reinforce that, but they are fired on by south carolina and they retreat. january is in early responsible for that second wave . you have south carolina at the christmas declaring itself out of the union, and right after they pulled back from using force if had the rapid secession joining south carolina to form the confederacy. mississippi, florida, georgia, alabama, texas, and louisiana. host: we talked about what james buchanan did. abraham lincoln stayed in his home city of springfield, illinois. how visible was he during this. a bank? period? susan: he takes visitors. well,of well-wishers as but the interesting thing is this is where lincoln is scrutinized. timeld sa

the american revolution and this succeeded only with the help of a foreign power, france was the confederacy new if attempt at independence in 1861 was the colonies did in 1776 was going to require the help of a foreign power which is dependent on southern cotton and britain was tempted to recognize the independence of the confederacy and if it did that it would have been a great been to the confederate hopes. britain ended slavery and there was this moral and political and emotional opposition to slavery in britain, recognizing a slaveholding republic that owed its existence to its embrace of slavery was a tough political sell but as long as lincoln was saying this isn't about slavery, there is no difference between north and south, the british followed economic interest. to prevent that happening lincoln realized i better make this a war about slavery so the british boulder that effectively helps us, the morris, and help the cause of anti-slavery, if you support the south then you are overturning 30 years of your own policy in supporting slavery. >> host: it wasn't the abolitionists but th

this country i believe that the statues that were put up were celebrated democrats celebrating the confederacy so i think it's just that democrats are the ones who put them up and they don't want the rest of the world to know that they were the ones who put them up they don't want the rest of the world to know that the confederacy was pretty much all democrats but now they want to celebrate and they want to be if they want to get the credit for taking them down as if now they're such great fighters against racism and slavery when they're the ones who put them up there removing these statues so they can remove their own. their own just horrid history was from the hawks up next that he went back in 30 minutes with the latest join us again. americans love by and homed. this was a fundamental part of how our political leadership and our country at large understood the bargain you get a hoe and then you know rebel right as the things you don't revolt if you have a stake in the system. the really interesting stand back and think about the longer deeper history l.a. housings men in the united states

the confederacy knew that if an attempt to independence and doing anything in 1861 with the colonies did in 1776 would require the help of a foreign power. britain was depended upon southern cotton. and britain was tempted to recognize the independence of confederacy, if they had did that it would have been a great boom to the confederate hosts. but, britain had ended slavery with its own empire 30 years before. there is this moral and political and emotional opposition to slavery in britain. and the idea of recognizing a slave holding republic, one that owes his existence to the embracing of slavery, was a really tough political sell. but as long as lincoln was saying this is not about slavery, then there is no difference between the north and the south and the brits could fall as their own economic interests. so to prevent this from happening, lincoln realized i better make this war about slavery so the british will know if you stay neutral, effectively that helps us the north and then helps the cause of anti- slavery. if you support the self then in fact you are over turning 30 ye

britain was tempted to recognize independent confederacy and if it did that then it would have been a great boon to confederate host. but britain had ended slavery in the empire 30 years before so there was this moral and political and emotional opposition to slavery in britain and the idea of recognizing the slaveholding republic, one that owes its existence to its embrace of slavery was a really tough political sell but as long as lincoln was saying this isn't about slavery then there is no difference between north and south and they follow their economic interests. to prevent that happening lincoln realized i better make this war about slavery so the british will know if you stay neutral and that effectively helps us to the north and that helps the cause of antislavery and if you support the south then your overturning years of your own policy supporting slavery. >> fascinating. fascinating turn. it wasn't all the abolitionists but the support of britain. you do point out in the book that the irony that lincoln political path leads to far more bloodshed then john brown's radical in

or sons of confederacy. you know this one in the case of this highway this is long after all the veterans are dead. it is very much a political that, in our view, the south really one. and in the state of washington they're naming highway after 2017 was that the washington legislature passed a bill signed by the governor renaming that highway the william p stewart memorial highway for the wisconsin african-american soldier from company of 29th color troops instead of jefferson davis. i think that is an absolutely and totally appropriate response to something that should not have been there to begin with. that andappy they did the great-granddaughter of mr. stewart was the first descendent of a bet of one of the black veterans that i may contact with. and she has been very supportive with this and was very much a mover in getting this name change so excellent that's one story i wanted to make sure i got in there. kevin: that is an excellent story, and definitely needs to be remembered. one thing i really enjo

after years of delay, we rename bases and property honoring the confederacy. with support from congress, barrier breaking leaders in our military, and the american people, we will lead with our values. mr. speaker, for a more equitable country and military, i urge all of my colleagues to support this bill and i yield back the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from maryland yields back. the gentleman from washington is recognized. the gentleman from texas -- the gentleman from washington reserves. the gentleman from texas is recognized. mr. thornberry: thank you, mr. speaker. mr. speaker, at this point i'm pleased to yield two minutes to the next republican leader of the house armed services committee, the gentleman from alabama, mr. rogers. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from alabama is recognized for two minutes. mr. rogers: thank you, mr. speaker. i would like to thank ranking member thornberry and chairman smith for their leadership in this essential process, to ensure america's security. this bill takes important steps forw

those who served in the confederacy in the union as an institution of slavery enshrined in the names of these bases for many years. this effort to rename them is long overdue. he tries to correct and recognize the mistakes of our past and really address the racial inequities at the pentagon when it comes ton this decision making. it places restrictions on military equipment to law enforcement agencies. we have to address the issue of militarization and police at a time when we are frankly making an assessment of the role of police to make certain overwhelming majority of law enforcement officers a good visible, individuals honored and those who fail to meet the test are removed from service. expand benefits to veterans were exposed to agent orange during the vietnam war. many were exposed to toxins such as agent orange and now are paying the price. it makes it easier for victims of military of strong turmoil to report instances of such crime and expand support for survivors. the most recent horribleth incident was a reminder of what we need to do to bring the military into the 21st c

names of the bases that were supremists, in some cases, by design, named for former members of the confederacy. war.after the civil this is also about our values. was not a provision or an issue. was -- it thic -- it was a value. thank you, all, very much. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2020] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. isit ncicap.org] >> with the u.s. economy added 45,000 jobs in november, unemployment dipped to 6.7%, but that's still around 10 million where we were pre-coronavirus pandemic. november was the fifth straight of decelerating job gains as covid-19 continued spreading throughout the country. white house economic advisor larry kudlow spoke to reporters outside of the white house on latest job numbers. >> good morning, larry. hello. >> hello. hello. good. >> you ready for the final gaunt llet run? larry: we're busy today. yes,

the united states which were once named in honor of confederate generals, those who served in the confederacy and attempt union to defend the constitution of slavery, have been enshrined for many, many years. this effort tom rename them is long, long overdue and tries to correct and recognize the mistakes of our past and really address the sense of racial inequities at the pentagon when it comes to this decision-making, places restrictions from military equipment to the law enforcement agencies, we have to address the issue of militarization of our police at a time when we are making an assessment of the role of police to make certain that the overwhelming majority of law enforcement officers who are good, principal, civic minded individuals were ordered in boomsxp that failed were removed from service, expand benefits for veterans who were exposed during the vietnam war, there were 199,000 veterans in my state of illinois, many of them exposed to toxins such as agent orange during their search engine service and not paying the price, makes it easier for military to report instances of such c

the policy to begin to rename army bases that are currently named after generals that were in the confederacyar. he is opposed to that. he says that is a blight on troops in u.s. military history. many top leaders in the pentagon -- in fact as i say that, i can't think of one who doesn't support changing those names in the year 2021 upcoming to have anything who served in the confederacy that was against having a united country. it is a time that has well passed by in their view. so, this is something that now he is basically imposed his partisan views. he wants to veto it. he has vetoed it. that puts the u.s. military right in the middle of partisan politics. and that, i would say, is the biggest risk right now. that is not what top commanders want to see. so, what about the civilian leadership at the pentagon? right now we have an acting secretary of defense, chris miller, a small group of trump supporters serve in a close circle around him. they don't speak in public. we actually, right as i talked to you, brook, so far have no real idea of what the civilian leadership that is in charge is

jefferson davis resigned the senate to become president of the confederacy because they heard the story the chalk mark on the desk that was imposed by union soldier when they captured washington. they are there to save the union not to destroy it. >> what would you like us to take back for being a united states senator? my reply is always the same. please suggest they look at washington dc as if it were a put screen television. on the other side democratic and republican senators strengthen national defense, national laboratories, national institutes of health. please remind what a remarkable country this is and best universities. tell them we are not perfect. the constitution says we work to form a more perfect union. most of the arguments are about conflicts among principles with which most of us agree and most of our politics are about disappointments in not being able to reach the normal goals we set for ourselves like all men are created equal. the naacp resident who used to teach university memphis students, america is a work in progress. we've come a long way and have a long way

again these bases were named purposefully for white supremacists, people who had fought in the confederacy -- traitors to our country. purposely these bases were named for them. it wasn't as if they named it about something and upon other research it emerged they said this that or the other. no. it was intentional. so we must properly, and with the process spelled out in the bill, change that. in light of that respect for our country and the people of our country, i'm so pleased with what we did under the leadership of mr. clyburn, the beautiful diversity of america. this week, we will mark the 150th anniversary of the first african-american being elected to the congress of the united states. congressman joseph rainey. it will come as no surprise to any of you that he is from south carolina. because that was very much a part of the pride that mr. lyburn took. that he was the first african-american congressman was reason enough and he presided over the house of representatives. the first african-american to preside over the house of representatives. and he was the longest serving black lawm

those who served in the confederacy in an attempt to secede from the union and defend the institution of slavery had been enshrined in the names of these bases for many years. this effort to rename them is long, long overdue. it tries to correct and recognize the mistakes of our past and really address the sensitive racial inequities at the pentagon when it comes to this decision. it places restrictions on the transfer of military equipment to law enforcement agencies. we have to address the issue of militarization of our police at a time where we are frankly making an assessment of the role of police to make certain the overwhelming majority of law enforcement officers who are good principled, civic minded individuals are honored and those who failed to meet the task are removed from service. it expands benefits to our veterans who were exposed to agent orange. 120,000 vietnam veterans in my state of illinois. many were exposed to toxins such as agent orange now paying the price. and make it easier for victims of military sexual trauma to report instances of such crime and expand sup

that were named for white supremacists, in some cases, by design, named for former members of the confederacy. well after the civil war. this is also about our values. for us that was not a provision or an issue. it was an ethic -- it was-- it was a value. thank you, all, very much. \[captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2020] \[captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] >>

thatver had any sense of until edward porter alexander's findings in the confederacy, which was editedowledge, examples of composure, which makes a lot of sense. you are right, with him, there is an overstatement. >> sure. doesn't it similarly threatened the broad side of the store took two command orders of the artillery battery? you see this order from the officers to commend their man to do things we cannot understand. you cannot understand what it is like to hold their ground, or to attack across. >> yes, certainly. the line is broken. he is swearing at his men and using his sword as well. forman't expect the men to and calm themselves with the usual composure. what about the idea that george meade was an apolitical general? the politics of the army is so fascinating, so complex and so important. help us understand, was he a and where, do you see to eat him and the armies in the potomac? >> that is a great question, one that came beginning this project i didn't expect to get into all of the political machinations of the army. but you cannot understand george situatingut him in that