nationalist movements and the creation of the confederacy. she uses an historian of the us south and civil war in an international perspective. she is an assistant professor of history at the university of north georgia. thank you anne for being here and let me introduce our our second panelist today and that is adrian brettle who is author of our second book colossal ambitions confederate planning for a post civil war world. he is a lecturer and associate director of the political history and leadership program in school of historical philosophical and religious religious studies, arizona state university. right next to my hometown in scottsdale, arizona, so it's a great pleasure to have both in and adrian here today and if you would please start us off. just tell us a little bit about your book. basic information for those who haven't had a chance to read it yet. thank you in absolutely. thanks to the now center for having us today and thanks to the virginia book festival for including us. i'm looking forward to a great event. so my book lo

and during the civil war the confederacy and the confederacy lost the united government forced by owners with other made in native american hunters just freed their slaves and provide them with land. and so it about a minute, i just reframed how people think about slavery in the civil war and the reconstruction. in all of these events that are important to the country's history were different for my family because they were with indian nations not within the united states and retelling reshaping this history is a core of my book. "i've been here all the while - black freedom on native land," in one of the key thing so i book is it means that native americans adopted slavery in first-place taking on ideas about race that we use only usually for black people and another thing, it is how anticipation some african-americans took on negative and harmful thoughts about native americans as they relate to the blocks. so this evening i'm going to give you an overview of history and talk to you about some of the negative interactions between black in native americans and the past and can we work t

he was brought up in charleston, south carolina he was surrounded by the confederacy.history that he learned was that in his the black public schools in charleston, that he had grown up with was in history it was factual than the lost cause. and he felt it was very important they speak up and represent the black community and say, these monuments if the confederacy had one, our ancestors would've been continuing to be enslaved. and janet feel like a confederate monument be placed on the grounds of city hall in 1977. he didn't think it was truly rep. of the new south. charlotte was just of the new south city, was saying that the way to do it. bjorn: he was one of the most interesting characters. thank you introduced in this book and part of the reason is he reminds any of us that think of these things are noncontroversial or previously had not been noncontroversial. there is always a beta speak out against them, they always work. if people were willing to listen to that. karen: i should mention that he ran a very strong campaign against against the u.s. senate in 1990,

and in these documents that the confederacy wrote that founded the confederacy before the war, they'reon front street saying, you know, we are firmly identified with the institution of slavery. louisiana looks to the formation of a southern confederacy to preserve slavery and then they backtrack. all these weird arguments of it wasn't about slavery, it was about states' rights, slavery wasn't that bad. those come from somewhere, and those come from the most effective propaganda campaign that has ever been waged in american history. second to columbus discovered america. that's number one. it wasn't about slavery, number two. as a former theater boy, i love costumes and bonding with a cast of dedicated performers, which makes a civil war reenactment unexpectedly fun. until, of course, you start talking about anything besides the costumes. >> my bloodline, i could be the grand imperial cyclops, whatever the hell you want to say of the k.k.k. >> are you? you have to tell me if you are. >> i don't know. >> the whole thing about the civil war is, in a nutshell, is this: the war actually sta

during the civil war there owners fiber confederacy when the confederacy lost the united states government forced my family's owners, along with other native american slave owners to free their slaves for it and provide them with land. and so in about a minute i have just how most people think about slavery the civil war and reconstruction. all of these events are so important to this country's history were different for my gown because they lived within indian nations, not within the united states. retelling in reshaping this history is a core of my book i've been there all the while. one of the key things of my book is what it means for native americans adopted slavery in the first place. so ideas of race and black inferiority that we usually only associate with white people. and another theme is how emancipation some african-americans took on stereotypes about native americans as they migrated to the west. this evening i'm going to give an overview of this history and talk to about acknowledging some of the negative interactions which indoctrinate people in our past is necessary for us

the confederacy was on shocking denial.ht side won the war and falls to us to fulfill the promise of that victory, thank you. : : : high school and a member f the student advisory council of the institute of american history. i'm honored honored to inintrodr next guest, larry walker, acknowledge thing finalis of the 2021 lincoln prize. larry is a a businessman and civic leader just getting for college and from prize word altering the government this award. mary, please tell us about the 2021 finalists. >> thank you and good evening. it is a privilege to be here with you tonight, first ever on this event. in a year marked by national prices, scholarship lincolns legacy reminds us unity as possible great leadership and it's my honor to acknowledge 2021 prize whose work contributes to preserving and advancing that legacy. the first of the 2021 can price for her book talcum runaway slaves to mexico and the road to the civil war examining mexico's abolition of slavery in 1837 is increasingly radical in the policy. a second final

clint: for many of the people i met at blandford, the story of the confederacy is the story of their home, of their family, and a story of their family is the story of them. so when they are asked to reckon with the fact that their ancestors fought a war to keep my ancestors enslaved, there is a resistance to facts that have been documented by primary sources and contemporaneous evidence. air forced to confront the lives that they upheld. there forced to confront the flaws of -- they are forced to confront the lies that they upheld. they are forced to confront the flaws of their ancestors. "you are asking me to agree that my great grandparents and great, great grandparents were monsters . accepting such a reality would, for them, mean the deterioration of a narrative that has long been part of their lineage and the disintegration of so much of who they believe themselves to be in the world. >> yeah. so, is it possible for us to believe that george washington, thomas jefferson were monsters? right. is that hard for us to say? is it possible that you could be a beautiful thinker and ha

they are in charge of the confederacy. my 1788 he was describing himself as head of a numerous brave nation and of a confederacy of other nations. now choctaws and chickasaws had been bringing peace to the south certainly in the 17 fifties. they devoted tremendous effort to end in decades-long wars, first between themselves, the chickasaws and choctaws, and throughout the region with greeks, charities and others. they made overtures to shawnees and others in the ohio valley. so multi tribal peace movements were not controversial. neither were alliances to promote war, trade and security. but mcgill it raised southern confederacy, by aiming to make them one people under one ruler, threatened national sovereignty and the piece they worked hard to build. things can do it head in 1787 when chicken sullied or's and their counsel made a couple of decisions. they agreed to u.s. trading posts on check us all in. they solicited a u.s. trading post on chickasaws lane to have more access to trade. and they granted the united states s

the creeks were the southern confederacy's head and principles or the creeks are in charge of this confederacy. and by 1788 he was describing himself as head of a numerous nation and of a confederacy of other nations. now, chocktaus and chicka saws were leaders in bringing peace. they had tremendous diplomatic efforts to ending decades wars between themselves and then throughout the region with creeks, cherokees. and they had made overtures to shawnees and others in the ohio valley. so multitribal peace movements were not controversial. and neither were alliances to promote war and trade and security. but the southern confederacy by aiming to make them one people under sort of one ruler threatened national sovereignty and threatened the peace they had worked hard to build. things came to a head in 1787 when chickasaw's leader and his council made a couple of decisions. they agreed to u.s. trading post on chickasaw land. they solicited a u.s. trading post on chickasaw land so they'd have more access to trade. and they granted to the united states some land on the border basically to try to get

by through the united daughters of the confederacy. are after the end of the civil war and essentially it's saying that slavery wasn't that bad. and slavery was a civilizing institution. that was as the john john calhoun the senator from south carolina and at one point our vice president said it is a positive good for both black and white people like and that black people were much better off here enslaved and they were in africa. the other part of it is saying well slavery wasn't that bad? also the civil war wasn't even about slavery so it doesn't really matter and then it's also saying that the people who were fighting for the confederacy were were people who were simply fighting to defend their families and their states and they were fighting to defend themselves from northern aggression. they literally call it the war of northern aggression. and as one of the people that i met at blandford said a guy named jeff he was like if they had just stayed up north everything would have been fine. and in my mind, i'm like we'll find for who.

so the confederacy is by fact , my historical fact rounded in a primary source ofrevenue . territory that seceded, treasonous territory that seceded from the united states and raised an army predicated on the institution of slavery. white supremacy turns that statement from an empirical one into an ideological one and it attempts to say that me saying that is reflective of my political sensibilities instead of something being grounded in documents where in 1861 in mississippi it says for a meeting our position thoroughly aligns with the institution of their slavery as a greatest material interest. edward maybe about why they were seceding from the union. they were quite clearabout why the civil war was about to begin . the idea that we would have statues of robert e lee jefferson davis in schools named after represents a 19 century, early 20th century attempts to essentially gas light this country into thinking that these men were is not who they actually were. and we see that in somewhere like alexander stevenson in 1861 rose a cornerstone speech that the confederacy is fo

john wilkes booth can't handle the defeat of the confederacy. he executes the president it is the first successful presidential assassination in the country's history. henry ward beecher will say it was like an earthquake in the night. the very earth was no longer solid this painting on view in new york had a label on it that indicated that it was owned by the shakespearean actor edwin booth john wilkes booth's brother. herman melville, who by this time is a poet. he's a better novelist, but we won't go into that is also a good friend of gifford's and of booths and he writes a poem. it has a really awful title, which is a coming storm a painting by sr. gifford owned by e-booth on view at the na april 1865, but it gets the point across. in which he equates this storm with edwin state of mind. the nation's grief and the kind of mourning that should be happening as a result of the war as a result. this painting becomes a touchstone for grieving people in new york who come to see it as kind of an homage edwin will go into isolation for the rest of t

and montgomery, alabama, which was the cradle of the confederacy, the first president of the confederacy was inaugurated there. so, but as a youngster growing up -- my father died when i was two years old. i was the youngest of five children. and i had very little context -- contact with white people when i was growing up from the first through the eighth grade. we lived in a black community. we went to a black church. all of our neighbors were black. the only contact we usually had with white people was that our parents would work for them and that was the way it was. we had separate schools. we had separate everything. not only did we have those, and did we grow up under those conditions, but the streets were usually unpaved. there was little water, you would have to go to a central place where there might be a hydrant for you could get water. so, african-americans lived a very subservient life to that of white americans. that is the montgomery that i knew and i had very little contact with any white persons for many years. patrick: at what point in your life did -- we had a program ab

as these 2 statues come down in the years that followed memorials to the pro slavery confederacy were taken down across the us even more following the death of george floyd at the hands of a white police officer for the young people out there. i hope that this empower you to speak up on the issues that matter. is it take part in your own cities and communities? no platform for white supremacy. no platform rates for racism and no platform for critics or the start use a part of the heritage of the u. s. it's southern states, others, reminders of racial discrimination and oppression that's never gone away. according to the southern poverty law center, hundreds of symbols of the confederacy remain in place across the us, even as the fight continues to remove them. states like alabama, mississippi and tennessee or inactive policies to protect them. the gala caroll da 0, washington. any minute now has left, he is really prime, is his official residence nearly a month after being ousted from office. his departure from the homeless part of a deadline agreed with a new leader enough. tiny benn

learned they were free to half years early the emancipation proclamation and the slavery and the confederacy. think about that. for more than two years in slave people of texas were kept in servitude for two years intentionally kept from the freedom for more than two years. and then on that summer day 156 years ago the enslaved people of texas they learn the news that they were free and they claim their freedom. indeed it was an important day. [applause] and remember is not the end of slavery in america. the truth is it would be six more months before the 13th amendment was ratified and enslaved people were free. so as we commemorate the history of juneteenth just as we did with the torso race massacre we must learn from our history and teacher children our history because it is part of our history as a nation as part of american history. we are gathered here in the house built by enslaved people. footsteps away from where president lincoln signed the emancipation proclamation. and we are here to witness president joe biden establish juneteenth as a national holiday. we have come far and far

according to the southern poverty law center, hundreds of symbols of the confederacy remain in place across the us. even as the fight continues to remove them. states like alabama, mississippi and tennessee are inactive policies to protect them. the gala corral to 0, washington pose have opened in bulgaria for a 2nd parliamentary election in 3 months. and early vote was cooled off to april. the election resulted in a hung harlem and the following month. former prime minister boy co boris, stepped down and handed over the power to a caretaker government. since then, been several accusations of corruption linked to the governing party. the well as well as his nations of founding the alarm about the spread of the highly contagious delta vary of the crew of virus. g. 20 finance leaders on meeting in italy to discuss the risk to global recovery. cases arising in 69 countries, the international monetary fund has warned that unequal vaccine access is a threat to recovery efforts. meanwhile, the european union says it's delivered enough faxing to its member states to immunize 70 percent of a

stephen said that slavery and white supremacy were the cornerstone of the confederacy. there are no there are no shortage of figures like justice thurgood marshall the first african-american to serve on the supreme court more deserving of the honor of being a displayed in our capital. there are some who argue that this action is an attempt to erase and forget our history. nothing could be further from the truth. we must never forget our nation's same shameful periods of slavery segregation racism. this is instead about who we choose to honor who we choose to literally put on a pedestal and display as emblematic of our values. madam speaker republicans and democrats agree that racism in any shape or form is repugnant and must be denounced. i do intend to vote for this bill as i did last summer when congress considered a similar measure. it is interesting. however that our colleagues across the aisle have only recently deemed the cause of removing statutes worthy of immediate action. when you look at the facts, it's even more puzzling. since 1870 statues have been present

it directs the busts of those who served the confederacy. the united states capitol is a beacon of freedom and equality, visited by millions each year, and before covid hit, and soon, we hope, to be visited by millions of people again. what and who we choose to honor in this building must rem present our values. chief justice tauny who, in the dread scott decision, declared that african-americans could never be citizens of the united states, and had no constitutional rights, does not immediate this standard and neither do the confederates we continue to honor with statues today. justice tauny's decision continued and permitted the expansion of slavery. those who founded, served and fought for the confederacy were willing to spill american blood in defense of it. in his corner stone speech, confederate vice president alexander stevens said that slavery were the corner stone of the confederacy. there are no shortage of figures like justice thurgood marshal, the first african-american to serve on the supreme court. more deserving of the honor o

now that would preserve those symbols of the confederacy because they say this is part of the history of a sudden states. civil rights activists of course, have a very different view of those kind of statues and symbols. i mean gallia, thank you very much indeed. ah, the u. s. as rejected haiti's appeal for troops to help secure the country after the assassination of president reuben and marie's on wednesday. i h. e. 's. senate has nominated joseph lumber to serve as the new interim president until new elections, which is set for september politicians, also back to ariel, only to replace, to joseph as the prime minister, the owner of a bangladesh factory in which at least $52.00 people died in a fire on thursday has been charged with murder, 4 of his sons, and 3 company officials who also arrested more bodies could be trapped in the rubble of the food processing factory. just outside the capital. temperature reports from room guns, families wait to find out what has happened to their loved ones. so my begum sister was working in the factory the day. the fire broke out. she is desperat

, i don't think anybody in the confederacy could pass the test of preserving a memorial. the question is what do you do with these statues that have been standing for a hundred years? there is something to learn from them, and what you learn is something that's ugly. our country continued to romanticize the confederacy and in fact turn these people into national heroes in many cases. it's just recently that that has begun to change. >> do you think that in terms of that conversation changing, i wonder what your sense is of where we are now. i think after the events of 2017, the protests in charlottesville, the death of heather heyer and president trump's ham-handed back and forth and basically saying what are we going to do, write george washington out of the history books, the country is having a different conversation about this now. where do you see the conversation going? >> one important point here is that the city of charlottesville held a vote and went through a legal process. the vote and the legal process decided that these statues needed to come down. everyone s

in montgomery, alabama, the confederacy, the first president was inaugurated there.ungster growing up, my father died when i was 2. i'm the youngest of five children. we had -- i had very little contact with white people when i was growing up, say, from the 1st through the 8th grade. we lived in a black community. we went to a black church. all of our neighbors were black. the only contact we would usually have with white people is that our parents would work for them, and that's the way it was. we had separate everything. and not only did we have those and did we grow up under those conditions, but the streets usually were unpaved. there was very little water. at least you would have to go to a central place, where there may be a hydrant where you would get water. so african americans lived a very subservient life to that of white americans. that is the montgomery that i knew, and i had very little contact with any white persons for many years. >> at what point in your life did -- we had a program a week or so ago about the tulsa race massacre. obviously before that