the same thing is true for the continental congress, i alluded to the fact that the continental congress occasionally did suspend the privilege of the writ during the revolutionary war, the continental congress authorized seizure of private property, the continental congress authorized the trial of civilians in military courts. the continental congress and the state legislature were in fact described as having created dictators. people said at the time that you made washington a dictator, because you gave them the authority to increase the size of the army, spend money, five people, impose military justice. they gave him plenary legislative authority. over the lives and liberties of people, so numerous people said, washington is a dictator. it didn't have the same meaning it has today, because back then, dictators, people that are dictators they thought of roman dictators. roman dictators were the kind of people who assumed authority by virtue of a legislative decree. then gave back the authority when the crisis was over. so i was washington called cincinnatus? is there was a romantic th

over the continental army's commander-in-chief, george washington. so if we look at great britain, did the english crown have some emergency power to suspend habeas corpus, and the answer is no. every suspension in england or great britain came from parliament. came from parliament, not the crown. the crown never purported to suspend the act of habeas corpus. what about martial law? well, it turns out that the crown had some authority to impose military justice on members of the army, but no authority to impose military justice on civilians. and the authority to impose military justice on the army only existed in england when there was a war on english soil. that is to say without war on english soil, the english crown could not discipline soldiers for their, you know, leaving without authority or committing other military offenses. the only way that -- you know, the only way that the crown could impose articles of war on the military is if there was a war going on in england. the reason why they were able to impose articles of war in times of peace

and the other reason was on may 10 -- 1843 -- 1869 was the completion of the trans-continental railroad. so that's why the month of may was selected, and this year was the 150th anniversary of the trans-continental railroad. so for this year's celebration on may 1, as you all are invited to our event, together with mayor breed, we'll be celebrating two significant historic events. one is the completion of the trans-continental railroad, and the other one actually is the 50th anniversary of the establishment of the college of ethnic studies at san francisco state. this is unbelievable that to this date, although there are a lot of ethnics -- different studies classes in many universities and colleges, our san francisco state remains the only ethnic studies department in the whole country where asian american studies african american studies, all ethnic studies had a part of. this is a momentum decision. we are very happy to be celebrating these two significant occasions this year, and during our event, we will be presenting the second annual edwin mah lee public service award. last year,

we have ftse futures gaining and continental features down.uge moves, but it does look like a mixed start at the open. let's get the bloomberg business flash with olivia hows. olivia: kraft heinz is seeking an extended trading. it missed profit estimates and it received a subpoena from the sec tied to accounting policies. at announced a write-down on assets, including some of its most well-known brands. hathaway cut value by $2.8 billion. ford revealed its omissions testing could be flawed. the company said workers raise concerns in september and had an outside firm conduct an investigation. they managed to keep shareholders relatively calm. the u.s. environmental protection agency signaled the company stepped forward voluntarily. rrick gold studied mining. they are looking to boost production. were close to a merger until talks broke down over terms of the deal. tesla shares have dropped as the model three lost a recommendation from consumers report. the brand was dropped from the top 10 of the magazine's annual ranking, citing owners complai

best to cement the pillars of peace security and stability to achieve economic cooperation and continental integration among our states and peoples all in an endeavor towards building the human spirit of africa egypt is africa's third largest economy traditionally when africa's more powerful countries take over the chair of the african union are less interested in it being powerful because they've got more influence themselves so in the year ahead it's expected that the african union will focus less on reforms and more on security. israel's prime minister says he intends to implement a controversial new law within a week which is known as pay fists play here's how it'll work the palestinian government currently provides compensation to the families of people convicted by israel of committing attacks under the new law israel would deduct an amount equal to that compensation from taxes that it collects on behalf of the palestinian authority this would cut revenue to the or thirty by about three hundred thirty million dollars a year how we force it tells us more from westerly slim. benjamin n

in the continental cup.the past five seasons they have reached three finals and lifted the trophy twice, whereas chelsea have never got past the semifinals. a while ago i spoke to both managers. he was what they said. we are champions of england and every game feels like a cup final for us. no different, we know the opposition, they know us. there's not a lot between the two teams. it will be interesting to see what settles the occasion tonight because competing for a final is what everybody works towards. competing for a final is what everybody works towardsm competing for a final is what everybody works towards. it is a trophy we hold close to our hearts. we have won it twice and won a lot of games in this competition, so all that does is means we approach the petition with a focus and drive to do well. this will be a difficult game and we know the history we have in this competition probably won't help us, it will be how we apply ourselves and our performance. there we go, even the managers say there is n

hence the continental style weather, and what we do sometimes as well, our climate is a bit more temperatement it is the clear blue skies that are stretching from spain, portugal france, the uk into central europe and scandinavia, so a huge area of europe is under the influence of the high pressure. that means that the air is sinking from above my heads to ground. it squeezes out the clouds and causes the skies to clear and we have the blue sky, a bit of hay sometimes but the yellows indicating the rising temperature, it is round 15ees in some spots, the high pressure is to the east, which means weather fronts are trying to push in. high pressure is like a banner, like a stop. it stops the weather fronts from moving banner, like a stop. it stops the weatherfronts from moving in, so they divert around it and they are just ant skirting scotland and northern ireland, so here a bit more cloud, the winds are from the south—west, that is where we have the mild air, so here is that weather front. here is the mild air, so here is that weatherfront. here is another one, tries to move through, it ca

the continental free trade area was assigned and now this one yanetta.it's a standard honor weeks away from entry into force thanks to the accelerating appears over a. president abdel fattah el-sisi of egypt has taken over as chair in his opening speech he referred to many ideals too few specific goals when buckley at all what. we're still doing our best to cement the pillars of peace security and stability to achieve economic cooperation and continental integration among our states and peoples all in an endeavor towards building the human spirit of africa. egypt is africa's third largest economy traditionally when it is more powerful countries take over the chair of the african union they are less interested in it being powerful because they've got more influence themselves so in the year ahead it's expected that the african union will focus less on reforms and more on security. where the microsoft founder bill gates his foundation is extensively involved in funding projects in africa addressed the summit and spoke to al-jazeera about why he was that. m

there are a range of government ministers meeting with their continental counterparts in their continental week. and as the clock begins to take down, more attention is being paid to what happens if we leave without any deal at all. the owner of topshop — sir phillip green — paid a female employee more than a million pounds to keep quiet — after she accused him of kissing and groping her — according to the daily telegraph. the paper says the senior female employee — who wasn't named for legal reasons — was one of five members of staff who signed gagging orders after being bullied or harassed. the duke of edinburgh has voluntarily given up his driving licence, buckingham palace has said. it comes after the 97—year—old duke apologised over a car crash last month near the sandringham estate in norfolk, in which his vehicle landed on its side after a collision with a car carrying two women and a baby. our royal correspondent jonny dymond is here. what exactly have buckingham palace said? well the duke has given up his licence voluntarily, just three weeks following the collision where two adul

despuÉs de haber cruzado todo un continente para ver el desafÍo.mpletas. de esta forma la ciudad se despide de un evento deportivo que estuvo esperando por 18 aÑos. feliz: al regresar de y e super bowl de esta noche tuvo competenci tengo cuatro y lo mejor otro mÁs en la casa. estoy cruzando los dedos para que esto ocurra. gracias por la sintonÍa y feliz semana. bienvenidos a repÚblica de la noche.

have been making mr elmore do you think that this summit can achieve this pan african you know continental policy towards refugees and internally displaced people and get the fifty five nations to adopt whatever it is they come up with that's lot of unity required. i think that the most important thing to do is to try and address or tackle the key course or the fundamental cause of conflicts and for that matter displacement in the first place the main cause of conflict and displacement on the continent is to do if heads of state stay in there for longer than necessary and so long as you've got heads of state extending the presidential term limits and been there for a long time conflicts will not cease and displacement will not cease and i think that the moment of the african union is considering the e.u. reform only situational reform it will be a key time to perhaps look at ways and means of being able to tackle this for example i mean generally most heads of state would not want to be sanctioned on that so you probably are thinking of getting the consent of or heads of state and governme

just in this review shows evidence and by that wise ones that if left unchecked may disrupt the continental benchmark of auto inspection but you have no consequence. as long as you upscale all the cost and roto scope to us you might still be eligible for many people not in the us we're not seeing major not regenerate a bit more it's just that competition dictates that frequency and feedback need to be decompressed in order to celebrate this do a sector in effect flow woman cooling agents off flux. well there's diversity for you now if you shop online you're likely to have some of the stuff featured in our next report lying around at home with billions of packages shipped around the world every year packaging materials have spawned a massive industry but have you ever thought of turning that discarded foam into art that's exactly what this is on a young man's dance she finds beauty in bubble wrap. are these words by the old dutch masters. in art dress made from bubble wrap. head coverings fashioned from phone sheeting. packaging waste is the rule material to the young ones used to create wor

that egypt will put the focus on security issues and he's also very supportive of the africans continental trade area which might come into effect here are i thank you for your fabulous reporting mary i guess reporting from the twenty nine african union summit that is thank you ok nigerians head to the polls this weekend and we'll be bringing you reports from the country all throughout the week we kick off our coverage today by introducing you to some of the people fighting fake news which is increasing in the country as the general election approaches. in ones in her team and the guardian's digital newsroom check the top social media topics every morning on twitter and it wiser to the nigerian president alleges that an opposition party is offering food and money in exchange for votes the news spreads quickly so the guardian team decides to investigate. the best known items and i i mean the photograph dated as far back as twenty seventeen it was a photograph from an outreach done by. so it wasn't what she said it wants. shortly after the guardian publishes its findings the politicians twee

in going forward is trying to have a continental policy that can be implemented by member states which hasn't necessarily been taken up so we do have for example i think. the idea of putting it onto the agenda making it a theme of the summit really interesting important however i think the challenge with you is that. the way in which this has been playing out in the continent hasn't necessarily kept up to see. in hall national governments of report have actually implement this and i think it also creates another dilemma for the you and that is what is the absorptive capacity of the host countries like uganda and so forth and i think that's the bigger challenge and then the final point i want to make is that you know you can't separate the questions around with reforming and moving the humanitarian part of it out of the political commission into the social economic commission of the e.u. doesn't address the problem i think it's much more systemic and much more systematic sure and before we talk you know more about the systematic reasons for internally displaced people and for refugees i

the continental free trade area was assigned and now this one. it just stands on a weeks away from entry into force thanks to the accelerating appears over a. president abdel fattah el-sisi of egypt has taken over as chair in his opening speech he referred to many ideals but few specific goals when buffy a little what. we're still doing our best to cement the pillars of peace security and stability to achieve economic cooperation and continental integration among our states and peoples all in an endeavor towards building the human spirit of africa. egypt is africa's third largest economy traditionally when africa is more powerful countries take over the chair of the african union they are less interested in it being powerful because they've got more influence themselves so in the year ahead it's expected that the african union will focus less on reforms and more on security. microsoft founder bill gates his foundation is extensively involved in funding projects in africa addressed the summit and also spoke to al-jazeera about why he was that. my

minutes into the section, looking at continental losses in london.recent may is racing to find a way out of brexit, the prime minister in her team visit ready with more changes. will they work to try and abridge the impasse? head of fixed income research at number a is with us. thebefore we get into effect of today's news on the market, i want to ask you a more general question, the mliv question of the day. when will london, the financial sector, etc., recover its pre-brexit vibrancy? when will london fully recover? it will take some time for it to recover. one would need to get a brace a deal. a high-ranking recovery in emerging markets, or russia in particular. for now, it will take a little bit of time. i think it will take time, i think we need clarity. it is not just brexit, is also about the state of emerging this year will likely give us a signal as to how this will unfold. we've only got about 20 seconds left, but another question on my mind is gold, can we hit 13.66 highs? especially as central banks around the world turned dovish. >> that

>>baja california recibe de otros continentes no solamente gente latinoamericana, sino tambiÉn asiÁticoss zonas mÁs afectadas por la lluvias que nos acompaÑarÁn esta semana. >>la regiÓn norte de la bahÍa puede ser la mÁs afectada precisamente porque Él conoce ores pueden extender las seis " de lluvia, son esos condados y los mÁs susceptible red a que ocurran deslaves, inundaciones repentinas, el rÍo puede registar inundaciÓn hay que estar muy atentos. tan sÓlo necesita medio pie de profundidadpara perder el contacto y del suelo respecto a lo que su vehÍculo cono de profundidad, su vehÍculo puede quedar varado con inundaciones mayores puede ser arrastrado por la corriente, nunca cruce Áreas inundadas. el sur y este de la bahÍa baja lo que es una vigilancia por por zona inundable, hasta las 8:00 de la maÑana del dÍa jueves ya observamos cÓmo poco a poco va llegando precipitaciÓn a sectores de noroeste del estado, nos acompaÑaron las series sistemas frontales, va a ir interactuando con humedad en altos niveles de la atmÓsfera, correspondiente a lo que es el rÍo atmosfÉrico. sobre todo ya pa

in on the turn over creating an automotive component supply on the same scale as germans posh at continental. eco tourism is a growing trend in the west african country of sierra leone hopes to benefit from it well famous chimpanzee expert jay goodall is there on a three day visit to highlight the country's emerging converse conservation movement as well as its reemergence on the world stage as a sustainable tourist destination with ship and sea tourism as an important pillar of its economy. sirrah leone is home to one of the world's highest densities of chimpanzees in the wild and the country hopes to turn conservation into cash tucker gum a wildlife sanctuary plays a crucial role in protecting these endangered apes and is an important stop on the country's eco tourism trail. jane goodall was instrumental in founding this sanctuary and the president recognized her services with a special award. thank you. and. we do what we can. and i promised i would. teach the. life of the world so that we can do is. teach and i can't help it if people give me the soundness and if it can help conservation

very continental right now the weather, warm afternoons and a dramatic drop in even down to single figuresly hours of tuesday morning in many parts outside of town, it will be close to freezing or below. so, a touch of frost on the bid tomorrow at least for some of us. in city centres, i expect it will be around about one, two, three degrees. there is no reason why tomorrow, the temperatures won't be very similar to what we have today, give or take very similar to what we have today, give ortakea very similar to what we have today, give or take a degree here and there. again, the mid, high teens widely across the uk, and one or two spots could nudge up to around about 20 celsius, which is what we got to today. on wednesday, anotherfine day, and then slowly towards the end of the route, it looks as though it is going to cool off. jeremy corbyn says he will support calls for a people's thought if the government reject his plan for a future relationship with the eu. but does it help the prime minister? very soon, the brexiteers could be faced with a stark choice. her deal, delay, a second ref

his group of black boys join the continental army. they come through philadelphia and he says, if my boys are fighting, i have to join them, too. so he joins, and he approaches george washington, and he approaches washington and he said, george, you got it all wrong. your tactics are too much conforming to the traditional styles of warfare. you need to adopt my indian style of warfare. washington dismisses him completely, and smith is then kind of frustrated and returns to pittsburgh where he leads military offenses out in pittsburgh. so he continues to fight. and he continues, after the revolution, he moves to kentucky where he serves in the first legislature of kentucky. and what i want to point out, this is what i argue is the realization of the frontier revolution. if the british empire was trying to restrain settlement, kentucky is the realization of what the frontier people had been advocating. this is turning indian land into american land, and smith is, of course, part of that. so i want to end now with three final thoughts on

the high—pressure though gets squeezed away into continental europe where temperatures are continuinguk, increase the cloud and bring a bit of rain and drizzle. further east it's going to be another fine day on sunday, still very mild. less mild perhaps on monday but there's very little rain around at all and most places are going to be fine and dry, still with south—westerly winds. good morning, welcome to breakfast, with naga munchetty and charlie stayt. 0ur headlines today: the end of the line for the superjumbo. airbus announces that it will stop making the a380. thousands ofjobs could be affected. a 19—year—old who left london tojoin is in syria says she has no regrets but now wants to return to the uk because she's pregnant. the prime minister faces another rebellion on brexit as mps debate the next steps in the process. know your blood pressure and cholesterol numbers like your pin code. a big campaign to cut heart disease and strokes. the uk has the second biggest fishing fleet in the eu

we started as a continental empire by clearing out the native peoples and other foreign forces then we became an overseas empire by taking islands in various parts of the world and then after the second world war we became a global empire now we are playing on the whole billiard. the united states has always had a variety of tools to use. in its attacks on other countries. economic sanctions are are often just the beginning another thing you like to do is play and there has to be an effort to demonize that country and the leader of that country particularly in our own press and in the press of that leader's own country. americans love to think there were intervening in other countries to overthrow evil people and if that's true you have to make the person look evil. in nineteen fifty one ottomans came to power in guatemala to being a looked at by the people in washington the u.s. president received the usual courtesies of a visit. years ago i wrote a book about how the united states overthrew the government of quantum allah in nineteen fifty four. the case of guatemala is a great examp