of course, the dispatchers at cornwallis -- that cornwallis sent were encrypted. luckily, washington had individuals on his staff that were able to decrypt those messages. and from the information, they were able to discern that cornwallis was in a very difficult position. if he could not be resupplied by the british fleet, there was a good chance they could trap him. that is exactly what happened. so had they not know what cornwallis was planning to do, it is likely that washington may have a continued his attack on new york and may have never made the tactical move. but because he knew what cornwallis was intending to do, he was able to team up with the french. in invention, the -- in addition, the french navy kept the british navy away. and the american army was able to prevail at yorktown. from the beginnings of our republic, making a breaking of codes has played a a critical role. of, the making and breaking codes is equivocal part of our nation at the very beginning. but it has played a role in all of the major wars that our country has fought in, not the le

general cornwallis had chased washington's army out of new jersey across the delaware river. it seemed he could easily capture. you. -- philadelphia. it is just down here, not far from the delaware river. washington begged lee to hurry to help defend the city. lee reached moorestown on december 8 and his troops met him there december 10. lee led his men rest an entire day, even though it was good marching whether. the next day, he had his troops had to -- head to new jersey while he and a small entourage road at the rear of the army. he wanted to spend the night at an inn. nn threetold of an i miles from his troops. he decided to stay there with his aides and officers. the tavern was owned and operated by mary white peers she of operating it as a result two of her prior husbands dying. inn was one of the few occupations deemed acceptable for a single woman at the time. she was assisted by an older sister. at a time, bastion ridge was a small collection of houses surrounded by farms. lee's decision to spend the night far from his troops with a critical mistake. had departediti

. >>> there's four front row tickets to a light show in cornwall, england. mother nature and the help of a guy named parker paul who left the camera running in a lightning storm, and look what he captured. this is 90%s worth offed footage condensed to a minute and a half. we'll see the most spectacular moments of the light show, and it's enough to make ewe feel like something spook's going to happen. >> if that much lightning, that frequent, you would be taking cover. >> i want you to listen to this. the sound track is unique. this was set to nasa's electromagnetic recording of earth by the voyager space probe. >> it's ominous. >> i almost want to see little frankensteins come out of the windows and on the roof of the house because this is crazy. >> i don't want a bunch of frankensteins coming to my house. >>> hanging out is cool. hang out with friends, hang out at a cool park, at a bar, but this hanging out? not so great. this is in montreal at a music festival called heavy montreal that happened over the weekend. everyone is there looking at the stage, per

what we hear about is how cornwallis was defeated. and it was due primarily to the deception plan that kept clinton believing that new york was the target and kill all of the americans and most of the french forces have actually moved south to the city. and at that point is too late because the french fleet have exact -- had effectively blocked off the tidewater. now, i've had to also say a couple words about the two people that we always associate with spine in the revolutionary war. billy thing about the revolution were, if you read any book on it whether it's a biography or an actual book on the war, if you look under spies you will probably going to find two names. you will find nathan hale and you'll find benedict arnold. but the truth of the matter is most of what we know about nathan hale is frankly enough, creative primarily in the early 19th century. from an intelligence point of view of one thing to know about nathan hale is if you want to run a good intelligence operation from selecting an agent to having an objective to ha

known what co cornwallis was planning to do, likely washington would continue the attack on new york and never made the tactical move. but because he knew what was able do, he teamed one the french. the french did their job and and the british fleet away the american army was able to prevail at yorktown. beginning of our republic, the making and breaking of codes has played a role.cal now the making and breaking of codes was a critical part of our beginning.the but it has played a role in all of the major wars that our fought in. not the least of which was the the etween the states, civil war. the civil war came at a time of there were any number new inventions. robably from the perspective was the telegraph. you can send messages over long and the first time the commanders could communicate with their generals and other leaders in the field. telegraph oblem is, a is a fixed physical entity. is you can intercept messages off of it. you have to have the ability to encrypt them. rare union code book. t contains a system that was used at the battle of chancellorville. you can see it's d

and, in fact, the army, at the surrender under cornwall was larger than the army under washington.ople, most americans don't realize that. we're sitting here today in a city designed by a frenchman, a french engineer and architect. the great symbolic work of sculpture of the gate we do the country in new york, the statue of liberty came from france by french culture -- sculptor. countless rivers and pass and universities and colleges all over the country with french names. we don't pronounce them the way they do but the influence of france on this country is far greater than most americans appreciate. we doubled the size of the country, or than doubled the size of the country with the louisiana purchase which, of course, was a decision made by napoleon to sell that. c-span: another frenchman did this painting, the wrath of medusa. >> guest: jericho, jericho's wrath of medusa was a painting that simply froze, captivated, enthralled americans first of writing at the louvre, as it still does. one american who was swept away by and wrote very passionately and eloquently about it was ha

. >> this one makes me happy, surfing in cornwall. going down over the western atlantic in wales. part of a board masters surfing competition that has been going on since 1981. in england. >> makes me feel homesick for australian. >> is the water cold enough so they don't have to worry about sharks? >> they are wearing bodysuits. >> we have an australian on set. where do they worry about sharks? >> australia. >> serious. >> hawaii, as well. it has become worse with the globaln quote warming. oncan you comment australian unemployment? >> brendan talk little bit about the carbon tax laws. that is the only major thing that has had an impact of late. i cannot put those things together for you guys. >> explained rick springfield. >> does anybody remember rick springfield? it is only us. >> we all know rick springfield. >> scary. >> cultural communications here. when we return, how companies can communicate culturally to strengthen international ties. it is a link there. that brings us to our twitter question of the day, what languages are

cornwall and a professor of mechanical engineering of technology. the university focused entirely on math science engineering an and -- and "u.s. news and world report" ranked us as number one in our category which is basically an engineering program at schools that don't offer a ph.d.. so we have about 2200 students which makes us a small school but a midsize college of engineering. our placement rate last year was 99% and it's always 99% however starting salary is $67,000 in the mission of rose holloman is to provide students with the world's best undergraduate science engineering and mathematics education and individual attention and support. what that means is we hire faculty members who have a passion for their technical field but also a passion for students in undergraduate education. our goal is to graduate technically outstanding well-rounded liberally educated stem professionals and even though our primary focus is undergraduate we do have a number of outreach activities i want to share with you. one of our most successful is called operati

there is some evidence that they might have gone up to cornwall occasionally, but the vast majority isodern-day afghanistan, and so some of the scholars that have have shownis this in the written tablets. mari,s a tablet from which is on the euphrates in mesopotamia, and there they say th a mina to the interpreter, so someone was multilingual back then. if you take a look and you see these trade routes that are mariging the tin over to and then over to crete, if those were cut at any time, you are in a lot of trouble. one of my hollies, carol bell, over in england, has said the acquisition of tin and thereby bronze was as concerning to the egyptian pharaoh as the acquisition of oil is today to the u.s. president and to all of us. some of you probably remember the gas lines back in the 1970's,? right ? i remember those will stop that is what would've happened if those trade routes had fallen and they could not get tin anymore. iron is going to take over after that. that is what happens when something that is necessary is now gone and something comes in and takes its place, so we have ev

there is a receiver and transmitter in great britain at cornwall. in france on the coast of brittany. even when telstar is launched, the french rush to complete their installation to receive a signal. the rocket climbs far into the atmosphere and the telstar is about to separate and orbit the earth each 2.5 hours. with the sixth orbit and through the night, the telstar is in range of both the u.s. and european stations aired pictures are received clearly in france. the signals are beamed from this 18 story dome that houses the supersensitive horn waiting nearly 400 tons. an antenna so delicately tuned that it picks up a mere whisper of a signal from the satellite and amplifies it again billions of times for rebroadcast over cables or the air. now comes the historic moment, a moment compared in significance with the first message sent over the telegraph. this is the first picture transmitted to outer space and received back again on earth. scenes of the dome at andover or flashed across the sea where it man marks so proudly it waves. what does the fu

along with the ground station in maine, there is a receiver and transmitter in great britain that cornwall. and in france on the coast of brittany. even as telstar is launched, the french rush to complete their installation. now the rocket climbs into the atmosphere and the telstar is about to separate an orbit the earth each 2.5 hours. ♪ starting with the sixth orbit and through the night, the andtar is in range of u.s. european stations, and pictures are received clearly in france with lesser success in britain on the first test. the signals are deemed from the 18 story dome that houses the tons, anhing 400 antenna that is so delicately tearing that it picks up a whisper of the satellite and amplifies it billions of times for rebroadcast over cable or the air. now comes the historic moment, a moment compared in significance the first message sent over the telegraph. this is the first picture transmitted to outer space and received back again on earth. scenes of the dome are flashed across the sea. and man marks another milestone in this age of scientific miracles. so proudly it waves. ♪