-- not lake -- the cortez sea to get, was that mostly hard or brittle? . >> it was hard but not tool hard. the colorado plateau is covered with chert, a glassy rock that is really really good for making tools, making very sharp edges. you find there are pieces of chert all over the place and you can still cut your skin open very quickly with it and it's been sitting out in the open. >> where does chert come from? . >> it's a marine rock that's mostly silica. you find it in these layers, sandstone layers. if you are especially in a marine or water environment, you will find this layer of chert. it's in all colors, purple, green, red, blue. it's a beautiful rock. . >> one thing i wanted to ask you, the review in the paper recently on sunday said that your book is different from all the other books about the anastazi because you brought out some of the non-flattering parts of their culture like violence. how did you conclude that they were a violent culture? . >> well, i didn't necessarily conclude they were a violent culture, i just concluded there was vio

and on the last trip you can see the sea of cortez out there on the horizon. we walked to the edge of the dunes and even out there, just past the edge of the dunes, you would find places where there's -- there were piles of pottery, pottery scattered in the sand, and then the desert pan extended out and then you reach the sea of cortez that lies beyond. you know, i should -- i want to show you guys these next slides. i'm kind of running out of time here but i've got to show you this place. i'm not going to go into heavy detail, i want to take you down here into the sierra madre. i was following routes all over for the house of rain, trying to figure out where the anastazi went when they left house of rain. many of them made the modern pueblos but other groups continued south. i followed pottery trails down into the sierra madre where my wife and two others went out and we came to these cliff dwellings. it seemed like every single cave we looked into had cliff dwellings. and this wasn't a place with trails. this wasn't a known location. many of these sites were

this is cortez, colorado. >> host: oh, sorry about that. >> caller: oh, okay. out here in colorado we're going to have an initiative on the ballot, and it's been put on there to legalize hemp. and i was wondering what, how you feel about hemp, and before the 1930s we used hemp for a lot of synthetic products until the petrochemical industry decided they'll make a lot more must be by abandoning it. so i was wondering if we are as a country we start making synthetic rope instead of polyester, we'd start using it for food, fuel and fiber. >> host: we got the point, dave. thank you very much. >> guest: i don't have much expertise on hemp, but one of the areas we were talking just a moment ago about research, one of the questions is biofuels and the ability to make the energy we need, some part of it, out of biological material of some kind or another. and that's one of those examples where a lot of work is going into it. it turns out to be a harder problem than people thought. it's taking longer to do it, but i'd say that's one of the areas where five or ten years

goes to anthony corteze former commissioner of the massachusetts department of environmental protectionhe got a big assist from one of america's top democratic power couples. >> rio summit in 92 terry and teresa i'aims got together. they contacted you. >> yes. >> john kerry called me up and said i think we need to promote sustainable development. >> they created a nonprofit called second nature. he believed the best place to start changing the way americans think and live was on college campuses. he pushed the university presidents nationwide to make advancing the sustain ability agenda their school's number one priority. >> how successful were you in getting your support? >> we started in early 20007 with colleges and universities that stepped up and made this commitment. we have 677 in all 50 states. >> the sustain ability movement is the biggest thing on the american college campus. >> wood said it shouldn't surprise any one that it led to outrage over things like that sustain ability program at the university of delaware. >> sustained view is our civilization founded on a rotten bas

goes to anthony corteze former commissioner of the massachusetts department of environmental protectionerica's top democratic power couples. >> rio summit in 92 terry and teresa i'aims got together. they contacted you. >> yes. >> john kerry called me up and said i think we need to promote sustainable development. >> they created a nonprofit called second nature. he believed the best place to start changing the way americans think and live was on college campuses. he pushed the university presidents nationwide to make advancing the sustain ability agenda their school's number one priority. >> how successful were you in getting your support? >> we started in early 20007 with colleges and universities that stepped up and made this commitment. we have 677 in all 50 states. >> the sustain ability movement is the biggest thing on the american college campus. >> wood said it shouldn't surprise any one that it led to outrage over things like that sustain ability program at the university of delaware. >> sustained view is our civilization founded on a rotten base. >> this is not over intending t

. >> this is the fishing boat that went down in the sea of cortez killing eight men. charles gibson was one of the 35 survivors. >> i would have drowned without that life vest. >> it was this a red vest, which another victim had given him after they floated for four and a half hours clinging to ice. >> when daybreak came, we decided to swim. and we swam but we were separated. i was given this life vest which gave me confidence. ten hours later, i finally made it to a deserted island. >> after his brush with death, gibson, who was chief of police, began giving motivational speeches with the theme, keep kicking. >> the best was the mainstay of this talks until this week when it was stolen from the back of his police suv. >> it had sentimental value. it also represented the goodness of mankind actually because a man took the best off and give it to me. >> gibson says it has no monetary value but it means a lot to him. >> sometimes i realize i'm might not get it back. and that is okay. i have it in my heart and my mind. and may be that best has another life to save out th

nevada attorney general s therine cortez maestro worries costt safety and cost. she says public budgets are stready stretch to the limit and taxpayers can't afford to spend millions repairing pipes that's at'sosed to last 50 years. >> it was really about pushing these pipes out the door. f ty didn't care if they were defective or not and the only concern is if somebody found out they were defective. that's who is so troubling about this. >> reporter: hendrix said when the claims came in, he was encouraged to lie. what were you supposed to tell them? >> contractor error. >> reporter: it was installed wrong. ut it was installed i don't >> it was installed wrong. >> reporter: after hendrix put his concerns in writing to management, he was fired. the company claimed he attempted a kickback scheme. he said the story was retaliation. did your company ever falsify test results? >> never. >> reporter: did your company ever misrepresent test results? venever. >> reporter: he said j.m. pipes custa very low rate of failure and most customers are satisfied. >> pipes break fo

. >> reporter: until they followed the brown pelicans to mexico's sea of cortez. for every minute of the show, airing on discovery saturday night, there are ten hours of film that didn't make air. >> i think anything that can fly that is mechanical, manmade, put a camera on it. but we also made miniature cameras birds could carry. >> reporter: four years in the making, they hand raised snow geese and a vulture to fly with cameras for this film. >> how did they keep it on? how did you get them to keep it on? >> we basically developed harnesses and the way it was so carefully positioned, it didn't disturb their flight. >> reporter: he also used spy cameras. hidden in mud or behind faux flamingos. it took more than 100 days of shooting to get this spectacular scene. using human ingenuity to give this long dreamt-of perspective in all its wonder. anne thompson, nbc news, new york. >> spectacular. that's our broadcast on a thursday night. thank you for being here with us and please don't forget "rock center" tonight at 10:00 eastern, 9:00 central. it includes matt laue

. >> until they followed the brown pelicans to mexico's sea of cort cortez.see in the show airing on discovery saturday night, there are ten hours of film that didn't make air. >> i think anything that can fly at some point or another, we've put a camera on it. we made miniature cameras birds could carry. >> four years in the making, they hand raised snow geese and a vulture to fly with cameras for this film. how did they keep it on? >> we developed harnesses. they were so carefully positioned, it didn't disturb their flight. >> downer also used spy cameras hidden in mud or behind faux fla ming os. it took more than 100 days to get this spectacular scene. anne thompson, nbc news, new york. >> spectacular. that's our broadcast on a thursday night. thank you for being here with us and please don't forget "rock center" tonight. it includes matt lauer's interview with mark zuckerberg. we hope to see you back here tomorrow evening. good night.

. >> reporter: this was the fishing boat called the eric, which went down in the sea of cortez, killing eight man. >> i would have died, i would have drowned without that life vest. >> reporter: it was this red vest when other victim had given him after they floated for four and a half hours clinging to some ice chests. >> when daybreak came we decided to swim for it and we were separated of first he was given this life vest that gave me confidence and ten hours later i finally made to a deserts island r. after his brush with death, gibson who is chief of police at contra costa college is a motivational speech this week the vest was stolen from the back of his police suv. >> it represented the british columbia of mankind because a guy named glenn wong gave that to me. >> reporter: kishon says it means a lot to him. >> sometimes i reeled i might not get it back, john and that is okay. because i have it in my heart and my mind and just maybe that vest has another life to save out there. >> reporter: chief gibson says whoever took the vest can just return it to him at anytime no, questions

. >> jeffrey cortez is with the volunteers program. >> this is a big step to build ourselves up for what is still to come. >> this exercise will continue two more days with 100 or more responders participating each day. >> we've seen biggest drop in gas prices in four years. a gallon now costs 12 cents less. there is one station on willow pass road selling for $3.39 a gallon. analysts say winter blend is in better supply. in oakland you'll pay $4.48 a gallon. interest ofing. >> good news. >> let's talk about the weather forecast. will it hold? >> spencer christian is here. >> there is an increasing chance of showers overnight. so that is good news. here is a live view look at this sunset. that is spectacular or what sth just a gorgeous western sky. clouds around. lots of color. it's off. this is a lovely evening around the bay area, it may turn uglier if you consider the weather ugly. things calm here, up to our northwest. we have an increasing chance of showers here tonight and moss bli thunder. we'll hear it. we'll see thunderstorms. some cells down here southwest of fort drag moving i

understanding was the defendants being brought back to new york that is certainly not the nearest cortez mother being brought to new york that well they were arrested in houston so the nearest courthouse would be houston so they're taken before united states federal judge in houston to have a determination as to whether they should be released on some sort of bond or whether they should be detained pending trial if they are detained then they it probably within the next week ten days will be transferred to new york to stand trial will shore hence the new york connection ok now from a legal point of view how solid to the charges against the eleven the do you think well it's difficult to tell because all we're doing is reading the allegations an indictment is nothing more than allegations brought by the u.s. government against a defendant they did prepare very detailed letter the letter of which i have with me that they wrote to the united states federal judge that these defendants are going to be appearing before in about an hour it's an eleven page document a letter that says that but th

he travels to mexico sea of cortez for two months every winter to photograph and observe some of thest animals in the world. blue, fin, and humpback whales. on february 14th, 2011, he's out on the water with his wife heather watrous, 5-year-old son galen, and friends, george and whitney brazington. they're headed for a beach when he sees something in the distance. >> it looked to me sort of like part of a tree trunk floating in the desert where there are no tree trunks ever floating in the water. and as we approached slowly at that point, i could see floats on the water that were part of a net. >> the group discovered that tangled in that net is a young humpback whale. >> i was pretty convinced that it was dead because we did not see an ounce of movement. nothing. >> but then a breath. the humpback is alive, but unable to move. >> i could see that this whale was horribly, horribly entangled. just like in a straight jacket. 19 years on the water i've never seen anything like this. you have to make a decision. are you going to try to intervene yourself? physically intervening certainly

with guns and cannon, horses and armor, the conquistadores of hernan cortez attacked the armies of the aztec emperor, moctezuma. for a time, the aztec orders of the eagle and the jaguar repelled the assault. but the aztec's traditional indian adversaries joined forces with the spaniards. the alliance destroyed the aztec empire. the spanish built mexico city atop the ruins of the aztec capital. in 1978, excavations for electric lines first uncovered aztec sculptures, including this huge carving of the moon goddess. today archaeologists have revealed the capital of the ancient aztec empire beneath spanish streets. they have reconstructed a great temple that was rebuilt and enlarged many times by the ancient aztecs. the ruins of the temple lie beneath the main spanish plaza, called the zocalo. archaeologist william sanders. sanders: i think the zocalo of mexico city is the most exciting place on earth. in front of me you can see the material remains of three successive civilizations -- the great temple of the aztecs, the cathedral, a symbol of catholic spain, and, in the distance, the tor

charles gibson was one of 35 people who survived after the eric sank in the sea of cortez. after the disaster gibson started giving motivational talks featuring the red life vest that he says saved his life. last week that vest was stolen from the back of his police s.u.v. >> it had sentimental value. and it also represented the goodness of man kind, actually, because a guy named glen wong took that vest off and gave it to me. >> gibson is chief of police at contra costa community college. he says anyone who has the vest can return it to the tions asked. >>> budget cuts at state universities may be causing more students to enroll at private universities. san jose mercury news reports private colleges are reporting big increases in enrollment among both freshmen and transfer students. college officials say the availability of classes and disillusionment with the spike in tuition are big factors in increased enrollment. out of state universities say they've also seen an increase in applications from california students. >>> five time olympic swimming gold medalist missy frank

today on that, on the technical side carter worth, chief market technician at oppenheimer and steve cortez with veracruz in chicago. steve, can you quantify how much money was lost due to the closure the last couple of exchanges, days of trading. we're talking about nyse, the new york stock exchange and nasdaq omx. >> bill i don't think anybody's ready to quantify that in a precise way. we're talking about which one of these stocks is better, which perform better now and which is the better one to own. when you ask me that question, it's like a question of would i rather get punched or kicked. neither. if you have to buy an exchange i think the cme is a better play than these two. i think the nasdaq is the better play t outperformed so far this year, i think it's due to innovative things such as its partnership with amazon in terms of web, cloud hosting and on the other side of that coin the nyx is extremely challenged particularly in terms of its pricing power. volume is down cross exchanges but they are seeing a particular problem in their pricing structure. >> let's see what the charts

and cortez says powerlessness also correct. think about it. it corrupts our democracy at its very core. the fact that we believe we cannot change washington means we can't change washington. the longer we talk about their fixing at as long as the pronoun in our political sentences is the third person, he she it or they, it's not going to get fixed. i have a lot of colleagues who say they get the right politics unless we do something about it. they have to change from them to us. this is a defining moment. this is a challenge for american democracy. it's up to us to save it. thank you. [applause] >> we will be taking questions as usual it goes to students and faculty. >> i am a freshman here. if you were to title the next movement such as, what would you title it? >> it's got to be around jobs, housing and fairness. it's got to be in there, equity. that's not a very good phrase but the idea is central. someone is going to come up with a smart acronym that's going to spell something that fairness has got to be in it i think and what's interestin

muchísimo, logró romney lo que tenía que hacer en demostrar de debatir de forma efectivo fue puntual y cortezmpuestos y preguntar si es justo que los más ricos en este país, pagan un impuesto tan bajo como romney. y que la clase media tenga que pagar más del 34% de impuestos. en ese tema el presidente pudo ser más duro. lo fundamental del debate que el gobernador romney es una persona deshonesta yo pienso. y sus posturas sobre la economía, son diferentes hoy a lo que fueron haces 2 semanas. su postura sobre la educación, que tocaron un poco la educación es muy diferente, su postura sobre el cuidado médico es el único tema que trató de manejar de una manera objetiva. dijo que los estados tienen que tener el permiso y hacer lo que quieran y el gobierno no puede imponerse sobre eso. y no pudo responder a la cuestión que son 9 millones de latinos y son más de 25 millones de personas que no van a tener acceso a médico. >>> vamos a seguir este debate. y vamos a e regresar a denver colorado y nos acompaña en la transmisión el alcalde de los angeles, antonio villaraigosa. estuvo preso daoenidiendo la

muchísimo, logró romney lo que tenía que hacer en demostrar de debatir de forma efectivo fue puntual y cortezra sobre la educación, que tocaron un poco la educación es muy diferente, su postura sobre el cuidado médico es el único tema que trató de manejar de una manera objetiva. dijo que los estados tienen que tener el permiso y hacer lo que quieran y el gobierno no puede imponerse sobre eso. y no pudo responder a la cuestión que son 9 millones de latinos y son más de 25 millones de personas que no van a tener acceso a médico. >>> vamos a seguir este debate. y vamos a e regresar a denver colorado y nos acompaña en la transmisión el alcalde de los angeles, antonio villaraigosa. estuvo preso daoenidiendo la con demócrata en charlotte carolina del norte. gracias por estar con nosotros esta noche. >>> gracias por la invitación de estar con ustedes. >>> puso a la defensiva al presidente barack obama, dijo esto ha tenido 4 años, para reducir el déficit, y aún no lo ha logrado. lo llamó un asunto moral. dijo que era inmoral que futuras generaciones tienen que fa gpagr por las deudas de las políticas

host: carol, in cortez, colorado. republican. guest: thank you for taking my call.i will only be on for a few moments. could not interrupt me, please? i know you want to answer each thing i say. it takes away from my time. you can answer afterward if you would please. we are continuing to beat a dead horse. we are like dorothy out here in the united states. the curtain has been pulled back on the debate. everyone knows the president that we have now. if he cannot go toe to toe with romney and mr. lehrer, how will he go toe to toe with putin? he will bow. i am sick of hearing about this 47%, which mitt has already addressed. he said it was not that great of a statement. we all do not make our points the best way. i am probably not going to right now because i am kind of nervous. you can say things that have the truth in the base of them. most of americans think what he said in the tape there is a truth to it. we need to clean up welfare and things like that. >> all of us would agree to that. he may have not said it the best way. guest: you are wrong if you look at th