with that, i turn now to ranking member crapo. >> thank you, mr. chairman, for holding this hearing today. student loans play a vital role in the lives of many students and their families across our country. the loans help maintain a strong and educated workforce by ensuring all americans can have ensuring all americans can have access to higher education regardless of their financial circumstances. recently, the new york federal reserve reported that student loan debt has risen to become the second largest household debt burden behind mortgages. the total outstanding student debt was $986 billion in the 1st quarter of 2013. just nine years ago, that number was $240 billion. several factors have contributed to this student debt explosion over the last decade, including college tuition rates that have significantly outplaced inflation and a record number of students and employees opting for school in light of very tight job prospects. when discussing the student loan market there is considerable confusion as to who is making the loans and how the lo

crapo if idaho, cruz from texas, enzi from wyoming, grassley, from iowa, inhofe from oklahoma, kirk from illinois, surprise there. mike lee from utah. risch from idaho, roberts from kansas, scott from south carolina. sessions from alabama, shelby from alabama, vitter from louisiana and the bill they refused to discuss as it's currently written would aim to boost protections along the southern border via $4.5 billion in new funding, and 3300 new customs agents. it also establishes a road map for 11 million illegal immigrants to gain full citizenship, a process which would take 13 years and require a payment of $2,000 in fines. democrats are confident they'll obtain passage of the bill in the senate. republicans have made one thing very clear. it won't be without a fight. getting a bill through the senate is going to be easy compared to what's looming in the republican-controlled house where the bill faces a much more uncertain fate. if a bill gets to the president's desk, what's it likely to look at? will it be something we'll be proud to enforce? that's my question. tim pawlenty is a for

from the outset i worked with my republican colleague, senator crapo, to develop that legislation in a bipartisan way. and we called in senators from both sides of the aisle. we had cosponsors, both parties. we took suggestions, amendments from both democrats and republicans. and then we built a majority of the senators in support. i worked very hard to keep that as a bipartisan issue when, frankly, we had some on both sides of the aisle who wanted to make it a partisan issue. last year we were able to have the bill considered, it passed the senate with 68 votes, obviously a bipartisan majority and parenthetically i would note that yesterday we passed the farm bill with fewer votes than that, but "the new york times" described that farm bill and rightly so as having overwhelming bipartisan support. in fact, last fall when the house of representatives would not take up our vawa legislation, the violence against women legislation, we redoubled our efforts during the lame-duck session. had many meetings in my office between republicans and democrats to find where we could go. within --

i'm pleased to be joined by senators vitter, portman, roberts, enzi, sessions, coburn, crapo, rirks scott, johnson and lee. since 200, mr. president, the come to spik -- since 2008, mr. president, the domestic oil production that is increased by 40%. 40%, mr. president. this has never happened before. that's just in the last -- in the last -- since 2008, in the last four years. the interesting thing about this is that because of the new applications for such processes as horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing, we have been able to do this. but the most interesting thing about it is that with a 40% increase, that's 100% of that has been in the state or in private land. now, that's something that is critical because we keep hearing from this administration that they somehow want to take credit for the fact that we've had an increase in that period of time. when the fact is that that has all been done in private land or in state land. not any of it has been done in federal land. in fact, the -- there is a congressional research service came out and i'm going to quote from them right no

moment there has been some very positive steps taken certainly with the recent corker-warner, you have crapo and johnson talking about it. tempering ofsome positions over on the house that although, you know, publicly i don't think has surfaced yet. but there may be. and we are encouraged by that. we certainly last week at our board meeting here in town -- the secretary called on congress to begin a bipartisan effort to begin the reform of our mortgage finance system. so, we were encouraged by that. where that goes from here and who is driving the bus, i am not sure it is the secretary of housing so much the more the treasury driving the bus at this point in time. we certainly are encouraged. but again, i think you've got to start with the basis of a set of principles. one of those we are adamant about is a catastrophic backstop for the entire housing finance system. we think that is vertically important -- critically important. also one of the elements is to ensuree that there is -- the end result will be a menu of products that will serve a whole host of buyers as well as marketplaces, sin

.-5 verification, crapo 1368, prohibiting the shablging of pregnant women, extraordinary circumstances at d.h.s. detention facilities. gosh, if there's anything we assume would pass unanimously -- a senator: would the senator yield? lay if i could just finish the list. mr. leahy: if i could just finish the lace. providing adisicial resources for maritime security, shats shats--kirk 1416, visa processing; shaheen-ayotte, visa program; stabenow-collins, administrator changes, udall 1241, expanding the border enforcement security task force; udall 1242, $5 million available for strengthening infectious disease surveillance; and we have a few others. these are all totally nonyoafers noncontroversial. both republican and democratic. normally -- and i hate to sound like here's the way we did it in the old days, but normally on a bill of this complexity, we take all the noncontroversial republican and democratic amendments, lump them together, voice vote them, and then start voting the controversial ones. i mention this as the list we gave the other side, said they're all noncontroversial. ca

murray-crapo 1368. prohibits the use of restraint on pregnant women in d.h.s. detention facilities during labor and childbirth, except in extraordinary circumstances. now, please, during childbirth or labor, the amendment would simply say you cannot shackle women during childbirth and labor. is anyone on the senate floor opposed to this? if so, please make yourself known. nelson-wicker. this is a very important amendment to senator wicker, who is a republican, senator nelson who is a democrat. i'm a cosponsor of this amendment, but it's senator nelson's amendment. all essaying -- and i can't believe there would be anyone in this chamber that would disagree -- since we're spending now -- and i might need to ask the senator from iowa to give me the final update on the number because the number keeps going up, if the senator would just give me a number, how much are we spending, senator grassley? would you mind giving me that number of on the border with the new amendment? is it $46 billion? $46.3 billion. on the border southern border, california, texas, new mexi

landrieu-cochran 1383, leahy 1454, leahy 1455 morty 1451, murray-crapo 1368, nelson-wicker 1618, reid 1223, reid 1608, schatz-kirk 1416, shaheen-ayotte 12372, stabenow 1405, toomey 1236, udall of new mexico 1241, udall of new mexico 1242. the presiding officer: is there objection? mr. cornyn: mr. president? the presiding officer: the republican whip. mr. cornyn: reserving the right to object, i want to compliment the distinguished chairman of the judiciary committee for the open process that he conducted in committee to process amendments on both sides of the aisle and the open and transparent way that was done. that stands in stark contrast to what's happened here on the floor where we've only had ten amendments that have had roll call votes compared to 46 roll call votes the last time we debated comprehensive immigration reform in 2007. and i would just point oute outr my distinguished colleague that of the 32 amendments that are being offered now by unanimous consent, to be voted upon, 27 of them are democratic amendments and five of them are republican amendments. and senator leah

the three components of that was 6,000 armed soldiers which the senate bill does not have crapo of two if you can get in sequence to the second step is built and complete a double barrier fence originally authored by representative, former representative from san diego and dumb and hunter and in fact president clinton to his great credit signed the bill. he wanted three barriers and he gave them. it's not just build a border fence for 2,000 miles. its 700 miles of the approximately 2,000-mile border and it's a predetermined area that high traffic areas where there are built up urban centers that are there and you have infrared cameras, lighting and sensors to detect incursions' as

i'm proud to be joined by senator crapo and murray in offering this important amendment. border security is one of the most important aspects of this bill and on both sides of the border especially the northern border the only way to secure the border is to involve state local and tribal law enforcement in that effort. unfortunately, native american lands and people are -- are vital but often an overlooked part of our border security plan. right now drug smuggling and trafficking in persons are on indian reservations on our border. moving virtually unnoticed into america. the problem as the g.a.o. told me in a recent report on this very topic is a lack of communication and coordination between tribal and u.s. border officials. this amendment adds four tribal voices to the department of homeland security border oversight task force. two from the northern border region and two from the southern border region. as drafted this task force includes border security experts from various government entities and is responsible for solving problems related to border security. but so

amendment that has no number, leahy eb-5 clarification that has no number but is technical, murray-crapo 1638, landrieu 1341, and landrieu-cochran 1383 -- i'm almost finished -- nelson 1253, reed 1223, schwarz and kirk 1615, shaheen 1222, stabenow, collins and king, udall 1241 and udall 1242. to my knowledge, none of these amendments are contested. some of them are democratic amendments, some of them are republican amendments. at some point, i'm going to ask for these amendments to be included in the base of this bill. i'm not going to ask that at this exact moment, but i am going to ask that the -- well, i might. i might ask the chair, the ranking member is this a list that you recognize, and if not, is there another list that i could see and observe and put to the record for this discussion? i ask the ranking member from iowa. ranking member of the committee, the senator from iowa. the presiding officer: the senator from iowa. mr. grassley: has the senator yielded the floor? ms. landrieu: no, i have not. mr. grassley: i don't think i want to speak until i -- ms. landrieu: then let me a

senate bill does not have crapo of two years if you can get in sequence to the second step is built and complete a double barrier fence originally authored by representative, former representative from san diego and dumb and hunter and in fact president clinton to his great credit signed the bill. he wanted three barriers and he gave them. it's not just build a border fence for 2,000 miles. its 700 miles of the approximately 2,000-mile border and it's a predetermined area that high traffic areas where there are built up urban centers that are there and you have infrared cameras, lighting and sensors to detect incursions' as well. third in sequence is a concept of enforcing law. when that happened and it couldn't get there until the first two components for their of the armed soldiers building the infrastructure necessary and when they enforced, we saw the numbers drop dramatically. so that is what is called the proof of concept that should be brought to all other sectors. i oppose the senate -- what is referred to as the gang of eight plan because they offer all of these other items of