now, as far as crawford long, who you mentioned, crawford long probably discovered anesthesia before anybody else. his statues were all after the civil war. but yes, he is the south's argument against the north's -- pardon? >> [ inaudible ]. >> yes. so he was an important individual. yes, doctor. >> would you comment on what, if any, was the influence of the french, especially the napoleonic war medicine, on ambulance corps and others. a little bit surprising that we had nothing although it was well known in europe at that time. >> well, the flying ambulances that the french started in the 1850s and 1860s did have an impact on the civil war in the sense that we began to have ambulances and we began to understand that you need to take care of soldiers who were injured and wounded on the battlefield. so the impact was there. it's not as if we used the specifics of their ambulances. the ideas were there. specifics were not. so the answer is yes, it did have an impact and would grow over the course of the 1870s and 1880s when the french became much more prominent with their flying ambula

crawford, thank you so much. and, of course, to your wife, as well, who's your partner, long life and good luck. - thank you very h. appreciate it, bob. - charles crawford. and, as usual on the smi series, there is a final word. here it is. - i am impressed because it's a guy that you can... that, from what i see, left living in the city to go to living in the country, for whatever reason. he's making a success of something of an agricultural business that is very, very hard. and i think... i do not know his background, but rare are the individuals that leave and go to the country and want to do... a change in life have the stamina and the strength to not only develop the products and take care of the farm--to do it in a way that conforms to the marketplace is, i think, a great achievement. also, i think he was a good manager of his family situation, since he seemed to have convinced everybody to follow him in this adventure. he became a leader-- i guess the quality of his product. and i guess another issue: being the first, or one of the first, to enter a market is always... if you do the right product at the fi

crawford later. laurie, you, of course, also had the first gulf war. which certainly didn't have the same impact -- >> or as long. >> -- as vietnam, but it must have transformed daily life in the white house. >> well, it did. i mean, i think that was the only calm period in terms of events, because up until that time and then afterwards, we were, you know, having state dinners once a month and entertaining non-stop, but absolutely, when the war was on, everything came to a stop, and, i mean, everything shut down really. i think everyone was as concerned and knew how -- what a grave decision it was that president bush had made and felt -- felt that emotion that he did, and i know mrs. bush, certainly, did and conveyed it to all of us on the staff, so it was a very -- i really remember it as being a quiet time and having to cancel a couple state dinners. i think one was saudi arabia. >> certainly, in the reagan white house, there was no shortage of hollywood celebrities. i want to ask each of you some of your favorite memories, positive memories. as i said, we're saving joan crawford for last. tell us about runnin

court from the 9/11 plotter, jan crawford has the latest from guantanamo and tony guida talks to families still waiting for justice at home. >> i have waited this long. i can wait a little bit longer. >> jeff: and boy band, lee cowan visits a shop class where girls are crafting their own futures. no boys allowed. captioning sponsored by cbs this is the "cbs evening news." >> jeff: and good evening, everyone, i'm jeff glor, as election season heats up in the u.s. t now over in france. and the world's fifth largest economy just chose to make a major change. francois hollande will become france's first socialist president in 17 years, defeating nicolas sarkozy in a runoff. mark phillips is in paris tonight, mark, good evening. >> reporter: the new president of france is a man few would have predicted as little as a year ago, but a combination of europe's economic woes, and the personal affairs of others have catapulted francois hollande into power. his election will have consequences well beyond france. there's nothing like victory to get a crowd cheering, especially when it's a crowd that hasn't tasted victory in a long time. francois hollande is the

long to drop out. >> he leaves the race with a handful of delegates and then enormous campaign debt. jan crawford followed his campaign from the start. she's in washington this morning. jan, good morning. >> reporter: good morning, erica. people were predicting that newt gingrich would drop out for nearly a year pretty much from the start ever since he got in this race. he ignored his critics and skeptics. he kept beating that drum and going and going. yesterday the batteries finally ran out. >> today i'm suspending the campaign. >> reporter: even as he said good-bye, newt gingrich stayed true to form sounding like a professor giving a lecture that went to the moon. >> i'm cheerfully going to take up the issue of space. >> reporter: and back. >> i'll continue to work on american energy independence. >> reporter: gingrich admitted what we all knew. his campaign was a wild ride. for months he's been a noncontender traveling across country with his wife taking in baseball game and visiting multiple zoos. all the while his campaign piled on debt. he leaves the race owing close to $4 million. money hi