efforts with nearly 100 teams conducting cyberspace operations today. last year we noted we had just established the joint force headquarters dod information networks. today i can proudly report the jfaq as we call it made great strides toward its goal of leading the day-to-day security and defense of the department's data and network. also as the dod expands the joint information environment, we will have significantly more confidence in the overall security and resilience of our systems. our operations to defend dod networks and the nation's critical infrastructure proceed in conjunction with a host of federal industry and international partners. recognizing that dod is just one component of the whole of nation's cyber team, u.s. cyber commands annual exercises, cyber flag and cyber guard offer unmatched realism as we train with federal, state, industry and international partners. additionally, cyber mission teams and joint cyber headquarters are regular participants in the annual exercises of all the combatant commands. while our training is improvin

efforts with nearly 100 teams conducting cyberspace operations today. for example, the command supports efforts to discredit, dismantle and ultimately to fight iso. last year we noted we just establish the joint force headquarters, dod information networks. today i can report that we have made great strides towards his goal of leading the day-to-day security and defense of the department stated network. as the dod expands the joint information from it, we will have significantly more confident in the overall security and resilience of our system. our operation to defend dod networks in the nation's critical infrastructure proceeding conjunction with a host of federal, industry, and international partners. recognizing dod is just one component of the cyber team the u.s. cyber command zone does exercises and train with federal, state, state, and international partners. additionally cyber mission teams and headquarters directly participants in training. we need a persistent training environment to sustain readiness across our force. i'm excited by the inva

makes deterrence in cyberspace a problem -- challenge but ever more important. a proactive strategy is required that offers options to include integrated cyberspace operations to deter adversaries from action. this, weith all of requested and received enhanced acquisition and manpower authorities. i think congress and the president for the authorizations granted in the fiscal year 16. this represents a significant augmentation of our ability to provide capabilities to our cyber mission team and our ability to attract and retain a skilled workforce. we are studying how to best implement those provisions while evolving a formalized synchronization framework to optimize the employment of our cyber mission force. thank you again, mr. chairman and members of the committee for holding this forum and inviting me to speak. >> general dempsey was asked about our ability to address challenges to this country and he stated that we has significant advantages in every major challenge except one and that was cyber. do you agree with general dempsey's comment about a year ago?

we're working also diligently to modernize air, space, and cyberspace capabilities. but most importantly of all, mark and betty understand the importance of taking care of people, which is always number one with us. and together, they have championed our push to improve wounded warrior care and to professionalize airmen development, to improve diversity and inclusion in our air force, take care of our families, and the list goes on and on. these are true people individuals. and as i look forward to the future and examine today's strategic landscape, i can think of none other better suited to follow in general welsh's shoes than our next chief of staff, general dave goldfein. president obama certainly nominated a battle-proven and highly respected airman in dave, someone who also cares very, very deeply about our people and as secretary carter noted, i, too, hope his nomination will move swiftly through the process. as the 21st chief of staff of the air force, he will bring his extensive experience and unique qualifications to bear as the air force seeks to address to

efforts with nearly 100 teams conducting cyberspace operations today.mple, the command continues to support u.s. central command's efforts to degrade and defeat isil. last year, we noted we had just established the joint force headquarters dod information networks. today i can proudly report it has made great strides towards its goal of leading the day to day security and defense of the department's data and networks. also as the dod expands the joint information environment, we will have significantly more confidence in the overall security and resilient of our systems. our operations to defend d to dw networks and the nation's critical infrastructure proceed with pay host of federal industry and international partners. recognizing that d do is just one component of the nation cyber team, u.s. cyber command's annual exercises, cyber flag and guard offer unmatched realism as we train with federal, state industry and international partners. additional, cyber mission teams are regular participants in the exercises of all the combatant commands. we need to

probably any future war we fight will probably begin in the cyberspace, really. how do you see that we integrate the physical fight, that is led and planned and coordinated with a cyber command? secretary carter: that is the question and that is why we are looking at this. we have a cyber command today. i have given several command in the counter i sell fight their first -- counter-isil fight their first command. that means bringing the fight to isil in syria and iraq. that means inability -- interrupting their ability to plot, including against us here and anywhere else against our friends and allies around the world. interrupting their finances, their ability to pay people, their ability to dominate the population on whose territory they have tried to establish this nasty ideology. all of that, we can approach in part through cyber. what does that have to do with the fentcom, which is the geographic command? it is really not just cyber conquered now there is africom. there's ucom, as you saw what happened in brussels. we are finding interregional integration, b

today. >> where is most money being spent in cyberspace? >> the money in cyberspace is diverse.the challenges. companies need to adopt strategies, consolidate. the spending today is very diversified. theuse of the demand and needs, from the largest to the smallest companies in the i.t. space, there will be consolidation. customers need to focus strategy and energy and create a new solution. you get a sense they are eating your lunch or beginning to nibble on the sides? are they making headway against check point? >> it is challenging to the marketplace because of the customer cannot absorb 1400 ideas. but the idea of innovation is healthy to the market and gives us all a great chance to experience new technologies and ideas. >> you said you are open to making more acquisitions if the right opportunity comes along. is there any kind of limit to the size of acquisitions? could we see something transformative taking place? >> whatever opportunity we find, we will go for it. check point is a healthy company. we have around $3 billion in cash. i think we are ready to do whatever is r

. >> we all need to accept that cyberspace is a very different landscape with a very different set ofnds. we use it for commercial toposes, governments use it talk to their constituents, but you also have come out there in cyberspace, nationstates. you have the criminals, you have many others who are doing things that may be they can't even perceive themselves as an attack, but is information gathering. in the united states, we had a very clear separation of corporate and commercial from the government. outside of this country, you if you look at the list of attacks, whether it is right or , one can see that we are already in an age where if was a physical war, they would have attacked and only been focused on another military force, but are now finding that corporation. the notion of, can you avoid this -- you can't. this leads us to the criticality of nation sharing. we are going to need to have the aggregate. some sort of group that is on their trying to have some sort of outcome. a nationstate may attack a corporation. phishing e-mail, maybe something different than that other sid

adapting to new functions will include changes in how we manage ourselves in cyberspace in accordancethe emphasis i placed on cyberin my posture statement and that the president made in his fiscal year 2017 budget. there i made clear that in each of the five challenges facing d.o.d., we must deal with them across all domains, not just the traditional air, land, sea, and space, but also cyberspace. where our reliance on technology has given us great strengths and great opportunities. but also some vulnerabilities that adversaries are eager to exploit. that's why our budget increases cyber investments to a total of $35 billion over the next five years and why we should consider changes to cyber's role in d.o.d.'s unified command plan. some of you may know d.o.d. is currently in the process of reducing our management headquarters by 25%, a needed step. we're on the road to accomplishing that goal, thanks to the partnership of the congressional defense committees, which once again we deeply appreciate. we can meet these targets without combining northern command and southern command or co

cyberspace is a form of maneuver. it is not static. it is not just reactive. have to be out there in the space doing what you can to shape it. you have to be proactive as well as reactive. we look at the training, we start off with individual training. we look at collective training and certify each team. they have a tech team which does penetration testing. all the subcomponents come together in a larger exercise to validate their collective training as a team so that everybody can work together. as people cycle in and out of the orni and recertify them. >> sounds comprehensive. talk to me about where you are in terms of the progress of meeting your goal. >> the army is doing well, and we are doing -- we are building so that the army can function as well in cyberspace and support our land warriors. right now, we have 36 of the 41 active component teams, which are directed by the department of defense. fully them will be operational capable by the end of fiscal year 2018, and we continue to make progress along that. we also are building 21 reserve component te

probably any future war we fight will probably begin in the cyberspace, really. how do you see that we integrate the physical fight, that is led and planned and coordinated with a cyber command? is thery carter: that question and that is why we are looking at this. we have a cyber command today. i have given several command in the counter i sell fight their fight-- counter-isil their first command. that means bringing the fight to isi in syria and iraql. that means inability -- interrupting their ability to plot, including against us here and anywhere else against our friends and allies around the world. interrupting their finances, their ability to pay people, their ability to dominate the population on whose territory they have tried to establish this nasty ideology. all of that, we can approach in part through cyber. to do withhat have the fentcom, which is the geographic command? it is really not just cyber conquered now there is africom. ucom, as you saw what happened in brussels. we are finding interregional integration, but interregional functional integra

not just the traditional air, land, sea and space, but also cyberspace. there your reliance on technology has given us great strengths and great opportunities, but also some vulnerabilities that adversaries are eager to exploit. that's why our budget increases cyberinvestments to a total of $35 billion over the next five years and why we should consider changes to cyber's role in dod's unified command plan. some of you may know, dod is currently in the process of reducing our management headquarters by 25%, a needed step. we're on the road to accomplishing that goal, thanks to the partnership of the congressional defense committees, which once again we deeply appreciate. we can make these targets without combining northern command and southern command, or combining european command and africa command. actions that would run contrary to why we made them separate. because of their distinct areas of emphasis and increasing demands on our fourss in them. and indeed, those demands have only further increased in recent years with each command growing busier. so

when you appear before this committee in september, you noted that we have the competitors in cyberspace and that some of them have already hinted that they hold the power to cripple our infrastructure and set back our standard of living if they choose. since that hearing, russia has demonstrated the ability to cap power to hundreds of thousands of people in central and western ukraine. it is terribly significant. it demonstrates a sophisticated use of cyber --pons as a bestie bellies i as a destabilizing capability. we must develop not only an effective deterrence policy but also the capabilities necessary to deter any nation seeking to exploit or colors the united states through cyberspace. after significant urging by this committee, i believe the defense department recognize this need and important progress has been made in cyber command. for the most part, the services appear to be on track to meet the goal for the development of a

probably any future war that we fight will probably begin in cyberspace. and so how do you see that we integrate and how is that coordinated the situation? >> i have given the cybercommand in its first wartime assignment and we are seeing how that is going to play out. and it's very important in our fight with isis in syria and iraq. it needs interrupting their ability and interrupting their ability to plot, including against us here. and anywhere else against our friends and allies around the world. interrupting their finances and ability to pay people and dominate the population on this territory that they have tried to establish this nasty ideology and as you well know, john, because of this, it is really not just cybercrime. i mentioned that. and we are increasingly finding that problem and so we want to make sure that we have not artificially created barriers. it's a that is the change that i am looking for. and so i looked at joe dunford for that every day anyway. so as a practical matter, i have to depend upon them and so the world has got more inte

the private companies have a right to determine how their air space, their cyberspace is being utilizedhey want to make an idea long cal attacks against guns or gun rights -- >> my 38 years law enforcement. i have yet to see a criminal walk in and say here's my gun. the gun laws are victimizing people who want to protect their kids and property. charles: there is a threat against huma abedin and other muslims a well. we'll give you the consequences when we return. when you booked this trip, you didn't know we had hundreds of thousands of places to stay all over the world. or that we searched billions of flights to get you here. a few weeks ago, you didn't even know where here was. now the only thing you don't know, is how you're gonna leave. expedia. technology that connects you to the people and places that matter. charles: we are awaiting a big donald trump rally in pittsburgh, pennsylvania. ♪ i don't want to live with the uncertainties of hep c. or wonder whether i should seek treatment. i am ready. because today there's harvoni. a revolutionary treatment for the most common type of

we need to translate the laws of war to make it even clearer that cyberspace is not a law free zone to incorporate government standard-setting exercises into other exercises and to promise great fees due to the bad -- and to promulgate these through diplomatic negotiation. finally, we end with syria. the tragic story you all know. war, the violations in armed conflicts, the migrants, the border closings, the discrimination against those who are feared to be isil, 250,000 plus dead, 5 million refugees, 7 million misplaced, 2 million of those children, like this poor infant. president obama suggested that the approach here, this is the last state of the union speech a a smart power is approach to conflict like syria. one of the issues being raised over and over is whether it is lawful to enter syrian territory. raised earlier in the administration, is it lawful to support syrian rebels? as, one of the questions, they remain divided and as refugees flocked to the border between aleppo and turkey, is it possible to give them some sort of humanitarian protection? some claim the u.n. charter

i mean, one of the, one of the other themes that intersects with it is this dual-use nature of cyberspace. >> yeah. >> and which raises, i think, the important question of what this means for the nature of warfare going forward. if it's all about information and the adversary can attack civilian systems just as easily as military systems which may not be as well protected, what, what does this mean for if you're a student of national security? is it a game changer? >> well, it could be. i mean, you mentioned, you know, there are a lot of vital military networks that are unclassified. transportation, logistics, you know? somebody once said logistics is for professionals, strategies for amateurs? yeah, lo to gistics. how -- logistics. how do you get supplies over there? how do you get to do, how do you get water? a lot of that is on open op networks. and they played war games where people mess with that, you know, the air task orders, you know? they go over here instead of over there. or, you know, supposedly a plane is supposed to meet up with a refueling plane, but the refueling plane is

the organizations,is countries, terrorist organizations are using technology in order to use the cyberspace in order to threaten the physical assets around the world. governments are needing to work together with the businesses and between themselves. i'm here in washington to try to see that israel and the united states can come up with new initiatives to counter the strategies that are using technologies and are threatening our dams, as you had in new york, threatening utility companies, airlines, all kinds of facilities that in the past you felt were safe. now they need protection. betty: that is an easy case to say we need more startups, we need better technology. however, i read jamie dimon's annual letter where there is a about silicon valley companies taking too much of your data and using it for purposes that you have no idea that they are using it for. here is one of the biggest bankers in the world warning that this data taken by the likes of whoever, facebook, google, whatever -- taking your data and selling it and trading it. there is -- erel: there is a combination between secu

that are not seen to be robust in terms of controls and ongoing activities, particularly those in cyberspaceberapparent that a attack can lead to a company being brought to its knees. there have been a fair number widely reported in the press, along with rogue trading. in terms of shareholder value, we need to avoid deep down drops of reported earnings, it's very smart. people should be prepared to pay a price to have that risk removed. there is a second angle which is what are the investment banks going to do? investment bank in the markets have been very dependent on merger and acquisitions. the investment trade, which has been a mainstay of activity, are much less on the table. a number of investment banks are going to say what is a new way we are going to make money? this is going to be a mechanism. francine: but this is not out of their control. a rogue trader, you put mechanisms in place. is it fair to talk about cat bonds and linking earthquakes and hurricanes to things that happen behind the scenes at banks? traderthere is the rogue and if you have more oversight, you can remove that

admiral rogers discussed the threats posed by nations in cyberspace saying the u.s. is closely watching russia and china and iran and north korea and says america's medical records increasingly being targeted >> health care is a good example with the amount of data that we have all provided to the medical world that is available out there on all of us in our families. that worries me. >> u.s. defense officials recently announcing plans to team up with silicon valley experts and trusted hackers to probe the nation's system for vulnerability that prevents cyber attacks before they happen >> now to the race for president, polls close at 6:00 and the results could impact the race for democrats and republicans. people lined up early across wisconsin to vote. the latest polls show senator ted cruz with a lead over donald trump in the republican race. cruz says wisconsin is important to stopping trump and keeping him from getting enough delegates to secure the nomination at least some voters say they are not pleased with the tone of the campaign. >>> i am very disappointed

why we train for every eventuality on land and water, in the air, space and even cyberspace.duggled cigarettes to cope. i was able to quit smoking. and then i started running. now, i feel a lot better. (announcer)you can quit. for free help, call 1-800-quit-now. if you have allergy congestion muddling through your morning is nothing new. introducing rhinocort® allergy spray from the makers of zyrtec®. powerful relief from nasal allergy symptoms, all day and all night. try new rhinocort® allergy spray. all day and all night. . . . . . >>> earth day is this friday and green living has come a long way in recent years. to prove it, we sent our contributor lynn iilliana vazqu tour one of the coolist houses ever build. this is a 6700 square foot home in san francisco that is almost entirely self-sustaining. >> i visited the home of paul holland and linda yates and gotten a up close look at what it would be like to live completely green. i have to say, it's not too shabby. >> wow. >> when i picture living green, i think a tent at the base of a mountain. but i definitely don't think

probably any future war we fight will probably begin in cyberspace really. how do you see that reintegrate the physical fight, this kind of led implant and coordinator by regional combatant commanders with a cyber command? hotlist that going to work? >> that is the question and that's the reason we're looking at -- we have a cyber command today, and i've given cyber command and the counter isil fight really its first wartime assignment. we are seeing how that works out. what that means is to bring the fight to isil in syria and iraq. what does that mean? and interrupting their ability to command and control the forces, interrupting their ability to plot, including against us here. and anywhere else against our friends and allies around the world. interrupting their finances, the ability to the people, their ability to dominate the population on whose territory they have tried to establish this nasty ideology. all that we can approach in part through cyber. you asked the question what does that have to do with the centcom, which is the geographic combat and c

your phone or in cyberspace, now they're going to be in your hand. >> how much does that cost?u take all of those home, regi. >> next, minted. they're so great when it comes to special events, but also mother's day. regis, take a look at this. they make custom art with all of your photos in the shape of a heart. so even for a grandfather or father, they're great. notebooks and stationery for mom. and then -- this next one is a very special gift, as well. and regis, the book in front is for you. this is the times of your life. the "new york times." >> really? >> yes. they have such special books -- special birthday books, days on historical events or sports teams. >> and it's all about your -- >> it's such a great gift for the -- you know, family in your life who you really want to celebrate. a special birthday. >> that's great. >> amazing. such special gifts you can make personal. also, family bo this is so great. it's a birthday board you hang in your hallway or in the kitchen, because you can see behind us, the names and dates of your growing family. >> oh, my gosh. that's a

now, some of the greatest thets to this country, to you and your family actually may come from cyberspace. that's where a huge battle is being fautd, and it could decide your future. according to the country's top intelligence officials. chief intelligent reporter katherine harris has the frightening scenario lawmakers heard today. >> reporter: the nsa director testified to the senate armed services committee that attacks on the power grid and other infrastructure oorps as keep him up at night. >> think about the implications of that, if you couldn't trust the military picture that you were looking at, that you were using to base decisions on, let alone the broader economic impacts for us as a nation. >> to the third point you made about non-state actors using cyber as a weapon system, how grave a threat is that to us currently? >> it doesn't take billions of dollars of investment. it doesn't take decades of time. sieb ser the great equalizer in some ways. >> reporter: with growing evidence that russia was behind the attack on ukraine's power grid, lawmakers were told the use of cyber wea

>> keep them off cyberspace e as much as possible. monitor it.> here is where millennial's god, here is why they are so weak. >> going to e drugstore. okay, sportsllustrated. national geographic. playboy. >> internet corn. neil: young people say that they do n g it. it is not fair. i can remember you in your younger days. >> this is why this country is falling apart. we do not have long-term thinking. where is the apollo program? where is thehe interstate highw? think long-term. look at who we have running for president. >> you can get anything. you have to work for that. >> you guys are so unfair to millennial's. >> vernie sanders went to the millennial vote eight-one. >> bernie sanders is winning their votes. >> a are young. >> ernie appeals to the society. education, health care. >> that is an issue with bernie sanders, not millennial's. economic policy. >> the best part of that. prior to becoming bernie sanders. >> do not know. i did not pick one up. >> i do not know about that. imagine what our parents and grandparents said. the generation b

cyberspace. i was in annapolis yesterday morning at a board called the energy systems network. is really focused on how to become a leader in energy systems. we have a great presentation by a gentleman talking about autonomous vehicles. and when you think about how that vehicle operates, everything it does comes from the digital world. gps, laser, radar. camera images. all tied together in a computer that tells the car how to drive and they demonstrated it driving from the east coast to las vegas for the ces last year. so i think that is a common space we have to lead in. and if you think about movement of goods, good goods and bad goods. we have to lead in how do you secure the movement of trade and how do you secure from the movement of illicit traffic across borders, across regions of the world. how do you influence nations to become a part of a coalition to take significant action there. i differ with some folks who had spoken that say the u.s. is -- we're clearly in a diminished role of leadership in the world. i disagree. i think we have the opportunity to continue to be

you know, we're going to have robots in space, in cyberspace and underwater, but the ground, the ground really hard. and that's the last place that robots will move around freely. and, of course, that brings us to self-driving cars. and, you know, i think we all now sort of as a society because of google and other things that have happened think that self-driving cars are almost here. and i've taken to saying -- i live in san francisco, and i've taken to saying if uber robot shows up in 2025 to drive me, the problem is that many of these technologies are going to make the ability for cars to drive themselves really commercial. it's happening right now. but taking the human completely out of the loop is going to be a very big challenge because of the edge cases, the random things that humans step in and take over. you know, google's shifted their self-driving car program a couple of years ago, and they didn't really get enough attention. they went from trying to build regular cars and get them to drive autonomous a human supervisor to these little cars now that are limited to 25 miles an

we have a strategic problem in cyberspace. they have launched sophisticated nuclear submarines with more runs to the arctic. we announce that we are going to cut our standing army by 40,000 troops. then out -- they announce about one month later that they are sending 40,000 to a training exercise in the arctic. strategically, we need to understand what the world is thinking. that is how you avoid miscalculation. what are the chinese thinking , for the first time in their history, by announcing by parliament last year they will allow chinese troops outside of their defensive region? when they passed it in the parliament they announced they are sending troops to djoubti for the first time ever. they have military components outside of their defensive region. they have upped their silent submarine cashe to a level that is disturbing. they have developed counter ship missiles they make our navy folks very nervous. they are basing their strength on what our strength is. they're trying to go after our shield. they are concerned abou

briefs members of the armed sftss committee on recent cyberattacks and efforts to combat isis in cyberspace. we'll take you there live, 9:30 a.m. eastern here on c-span 3. >>> the book tells the story that the fact that the manuscript, this national treasure isn't what we thought. while also trying to chronologically think about what was madison encountering at the time. keeping those two narratives straight was quite tricky for a while. >> boston college law professor mary sara builder discusses her book "madison's hand" which takes a critical look at the notes james madison wrote during and after the constitutional convention of 1787. >> madison took the notes on sheets of paper, anticipate then he folded the snees half, he writes on the front, across the middle andhe two pages across the backside. then at some point he sewed these pieces together into a manuscript. the last quarter of the manuscript, the holes that he had sewn didn't match with the earlier one. and this confirmed my suspicion that the very end of the manuscript had been written later. that was a really wonderful thing to

friends in doing operations that stand from humanitarian to disaster relief to ensuring the maritime cyberspace domains and comments are able to be operated freely. all of those things we should look for, cooperation, and what we are doing next. it will always be with our asian allies that we are going to be seeing this. this is where our interests are inexorably intertwined. things,at, those of the i think this fits right in and i think andrew for inviting me to be here. i say that before the questions and answers. and also to be able to take a look at this early on because i think there is some great -- just the premise makes sense so we need to take a look at what bright people are thinking about elsewhere. >> let me thank you both. i will start the questions and then open it up. i think in injured's presentation -- in injured's presentation -- andrew's presentations you heard about how much australia can benefit. perhaps getting greater versatility on northern asia security dynamics. there are going to be enormous advantages in this kind of agenda for the u.s.-japan alliance as well as i th

military with some of our unique capabilities like precision air campaign and ffense of in cyberspace. training, or just ask, sustainment, and equipment. enabling local forces -- not substituting for them -- is necessary to ensure a lasting defeat. sometimes, that means our pace is predicated on that which local forces can absorb our enemy. some seem to suggest we pursue different strategies. there are alternative strategies. i have addressed these alternatives in previous testimonies. we don't recommend them. here is why -- one alternative would be to leave the complex and chaotic middle east and try to contain isil's danger to the united states and target terrorists from offshore. an approach of this sort has attractions -- it avoids complexities. as such a containment approach simply cannot succeed in today's world. don't recommend it. nother alternative would be to introduce a significant foreign ground force. hypothetically international, but certainly preponderantly american. here are several problems with this approach that led me to not recommend it either. in the near term, s

cyberspace, missile defense, conventional strike. while i don't think any of those capabilities fundamentally alter the nuclear equation, i think they impact it, the united states has been very transparent about its missile defense, space, conventional capabilities. russia and china have been less so. we have made it very clear that we are prepared to have a discussion with both russia and china on the full set of strategic capabilities, one of the issues with regards to russia that i have been involved in for three administrations now is missile defense cooperation and there have been numerous proposals for cooperation in transparency that we have put on the table and the russians have rejected all of those proposals. we have been trying to engage china in a dialogue on strategic capabilities. the very concerns that bob mentioned but there has been a clear reluctance on the chinese behalf to talk. so bottom line, bob, i agree with you, we need to factor these issues into our strategic diggs cuss, however, our russians and chinese co

should not have a situation where bad actors, terrorists, can essentially establish a safe haven in cyberspace. i recognize and the president recognizes that there's some tension in those principles. and resolving that tension, both in the near term, but also over the long term, will be challenging. one of the reasons that that will be challenging is not just because these are principles that are really important, but these are also principles that we're trying to enforce in a very dynamic environment. technology companies are gularly innovating and finding new ways to encrypt information. and he suring that we have a policy and a resolution -- ensuring that we have a poly and a resolution of those two principles that can adapt to the ever-changing environment will be critical to the long-term success of this policymaking process. what i will say is, after describing how complex that situation is, i'll just observe that there are some quite simple things that congress has struggled to do. i think the example that's at the front of my mind today is the administration two months ago put forward

it's going to allow us to expand our cooperation on everything from new realms in cyberspace and intelligence relevance, missile defense, maritime security, logistic support, peace-keeping operations, humanitarian assistance, all of that as a result of this agreement we have a new host nation support agreement where japan is contributing significantly to the support of our forces there. throughout the region we are working more closely than ever with them. with the koreans, we have an agreement that's conditions based on the transition during war time of operational control that we worked very hard on that. we got another host nation support agreement with them for five years to support the presence of our forces, we have a tri-lateral information-sharing agreement between us, japan and creeia i've worked hard personally, to build a tri-lateral cooperative relationship between us and japan and korea. the three of us working together are a significant and powerful force, so we share the view that these two countries are at the heart of everything we're doing. those two alliances are the most i

the electrical grid is not only under attack from cyberspace, the electric power sector is all too familiar with the devastation storms like hurricane sandy can leave behind, or physical attacks like the 2013 incident at the metcalf substation in california. thankfully, in the cases of storms and physical attacks, the power sector has strong plans in place and redundant systems to restore power quickly and avoid the loss of life and property. but i am concerned about a cyberattack. are their similar plans in place for industry and state and local government? will those redundancies provide the same types of protections .. best practiceticses, how we can achieve a greater level of readiness all the way down to the local mayors and township supervisors. i'm encouraged to hear all industry talk about all hazards approach and focusing on mitigating the greatest risks. but i think there are some unique characteristics of the cyber threat that requires specific planning guidelines. i know we can not gold plate the system but given the indepencesy of electricity with our daily lives it is crucial

we have been convened by cyberspace, junior who is the progressive had district attorney and so he isbringing together 20 people from all over the country meeting regularly to talk about these issues. where is he getting the money to do this? he's using the money he is getting from this question, a lot of concerns about it. that is bringing us together to do some thing that will do some good. produce mass incarceration. there's 30 lots of amazing moment. this is one of the highlights. you have heard from one of the stars of this panel who's going to be the chair, the director of our center on privacy and technology. we have the honor of hearing from david garrow, professor of, professor von history distinguished faculty scholar at the university of kent lavinia -- university of pittsburgh law school. he is best known for writing the pulitzer prize winning biography of martin luther king, the definitive biography. i should say he is best known for that now. texture at this time he will be non-definitive biography of barack obama. that will be published in winter of 2016-2017. it is a s

cyberspace. i was in annapolis yesterday morning at a board called the energy systems network.y focused on how to become a leader in energy systems. we have a great presentation by a gentleman talking about autonomous vehicles. and when you think about how that vehicle operates, everything it does comes from the digital world. gps, laser, radar. camera images. all tied together in a computer that tells the car how to drive and they demonstrated it driving from the east coast to las vegas for the ces last year. so i think that is a common space we have to lead in. and if you think about movement of goods, good goods and bad goods. we have to lead in how do you secure the movement of trade and how do you secure from the movement of illicit traffic across borders, across regions of the world. how do you influence nations to become a part of a coalition to take significant action there. i differ with some folks who had spoken that say the u.s. is -- we're clearly in a diminished role of leadership in the world. i disagree. i think we have the opportunity to continue to be a leader

the electrical grid is not only under attack from cyberspace, the electrical power sector is all too familiar with the devastation storms like hurricane sandy can leave behind. where physical attacks like the 2013 incident at the metcalf substation in california. thankfully in the cases of storms and physical attacks, the power sector has strong plans in place and redundant systems to restore power quickly and to avoid the loss of life and property. but i am concerned about a cyberattack. are there similar plans in place for industry and for state and local government? will those redundancies provide the same types of protection? most recently i have been discussing this topic with constituents in my district, asking what they will do in their communities if the power is out for a prolonged period of time. honestly, most of them don't know because we don't know what to plan for. we have brought together the right people here to tell us today. we are also going to discuss what preparedness looks like, best practices, and how we can achieve a greater level of readiness all the way down