poland and hungary invaded czechoslovakia before hitler and rated corners is hidden as the beginning of the war is because it's very very slim because. born in hungary working already with the nazis in czechoslovakia they invaded it and then noble chamberlain comes and signs that you can dream it and france and england basically threw czechoslovakia under the bus and they don't really want us to remember that parisi but they just abandon them and again we have had been for stalin coming on the eastern front. going son lisa encouraged by this success deputy foreign minister again claimed that in the forthcoming with russia poland along with its early in japan would be allied with germany and they would divide among themselves the huge piii of the suv eat cuny and as hitler cool dates. they were planning to occupy land from the baltic sea to the blank sea and to annex the western territories of the u.s.s.r. . but hitler had his side sense on them unpruned wasn't included in the plans germany defang to take europe looked on in silence at this difficult moment having lost faith in the we

the munich agreement from me to germany to a new sponsor of czechoslovakia under the current between 938 and 939 a fact that's not included in the official history of world war 2. however this military aggression could be considered the beginning of the. poland and hungary invaded czechoslovakia before hillary rated poland is is hidden as the beginning of the war is because it's very embarrassing because poland and hungary work and already with the nazis and czechoslovakia they invaded it and then double chamberlain comes and signs to munich agreement and france in and basically threw czechoslovakia under the bus and they don't really want to remember that part you see but they just abandon them and again we have had been for stalin coming on the eastern front. going side lisa encouraged by this success deputy foreign minister again claimed that in the forthcoming with russia poland along with its early inches. and would be allied with germany and they would divide among themselves the huge piii of the suv cuny and as hitler called it. they were planning to occupy land from the balti

soviet troops invaded czechoslovakia violently putting down the democratic reforms of the communist government in prague. it was an injustice that was also found in east germany. needed an outlet for his anger about it. some of our part of the steer employees of the german service of radio london i really like your program because it shows our people's opinions that cannot be seen in our media i am 16 years old and would like to write a few things about the mood of young people regarding the events in czechoslovakia with the. predominant poster versus the shall i believe that the west has not taken strong enough steps against this invasion was done and must a country that has struggled to win just a bit of freedom always be forced to continue on the old path under moscow's rule of what the mushier warm greetings from a student who writes for. another letter writer to the b.b.c. was york i'm alan born in saxony in our lives as a retired pastor in berlin the democratic west and its symbols of freedom are important to him to this day. grow up in and around dresden is home life he was in voluntari

because so many train tracks have been destroyed as he passed through czechoslovakia, you go under a bridge and the czech people are throwing a loaves of bread down to feed the people in the open box cars >> i survived because of the bread that came down. it must have came down two or three bridges. how the checks knew the transfer coming through, had organized, obviously the resistance must of organized it. and the bread came down. the first low that my friends caught and told me to hold on to was stolen from me we were so cold. i was sitting on it. it disappeared. then the bread saved me and other people it was when you think about it, manu from haven't, here it came. and i should tell you about this event because i was asked, i used to be on the board of the holocaust museum in washington. i was asked on one of the anniversary of the death march to talk about it. as i prepared my speech i said did this really happen or am i imagining it? because this is a long time ago. it's the parallel wit manna from heaven and all of it. eventually i did, no, it happened. and it gave a speech.

that he as soviet troops invaded czechoslovakia violently putting down the democratic reforms of the communist government 10 proc. it was an injustice that was also found in east germany. needed an outlet for his anger about it a 2nd ago part of the. dear employees of the german service of radio london i've really liked your program because it shows are people have been eons that cannot be seen in our media i am 16 years old and would like to write a few things about the mood of young people regarding the events in czechoslovakia the. ghost of a swish i believe that the west has not taken strong enough steps against this invasion must and i must a country that has struggled to win just a bit of freedom always be forced to continue on the old path under moscow's rule of what the mushy warm greetings from a student who writes. another letter writer to the b.b.c. was york an alum born in saxony you know lives as a retired pastor in berlin the democratic west and its symbols of freedom are important to him to this day. grow up in and around dresden his whole life he was in voluntarily fo

as soviet troops invaded czechoslovakia violently putting down the democratic reforms of the communist government in prague. it was an injustice that was also found in east germany. more shock needed an outlet for his i'm going about it. some of our part of the steer employees of the german service of radio london and i really like your program because it shows our people's opinions that cannot be seen in our media process i am 16 years old and would like to write a few things about the mood of young people regarding the events in czechoslovakia . had been dominant gustavus the shah i believe that the west has not taken strong enough steps against this invasion most and i must a country that has struggled to win just a bit of freedom always be forced to continue on the old path under moscow's rule of what the mushier warm greetings from a student who writes i'm trying. another letter writer to the b.b.c. york him. alan born in saxony in our lives as a retired pastor in berlin the democratic west and its symbols of freedom are important to him to this day. grow up in and around transiti

batty as soviet troops invaded czechoslovakia violently putting down the democratic reforms of the communist government 10 proc. it was. an injustice that was also found in east germany. needed an outlet for his anger about it. the middle part of the steer employees of the german service of radio london i really like your program because it shows our people's opinions that cannot be seen in our media i am 16 years old and would like to write a few things about the mood of young people regarding the events in czechoslovakia . in the mind of gustavus michel i believe that the west has not taken strong enough steps against this invasion most and i must a country that has struggled to win just a bit of freedom always be forced to continue on the old path under moscow's rule of what the mushy warm greetings from a student who writes. another letter writer to the b.b.c. was york i'm alan born in saxony in our lives as a retired pastor in. the democratic west and it's symbols of freedom are important to him to this day. grow up in and around dresden his whole life he was in voluntarily forced into

as red reserves were secretly bought from czechoslovakia and romania, khrushchev stalled for time, chargingmerican agents had formed the uprising. the russian reserve swept across hungary, suppressing the revolt brutally. some refugees escaped into austria. others, less fortunate, were shot down by red border guards. in the united nations, ambassador henry spearheaded a vote by the general assembly condemning russian intervention in hungary. the vote was 55 to eight with 13 abstentions. the situation became critical when khrushchev demanded the evacuation of allied awesome [inaudible] . russia failed to win support of its berlin policy in the un as britain, france and the united states stood firmly on the berlin treaty. khrushchev was forced to adopt a softer policy. in the following period of relaxed tension, vice president nixon visited an american exposition in moscow where he engaged khrushchev in an impromptu debate. >> you must not be afraid of ideas. >> we are not afraid of ideas. >> let's have more exchange. we all agree on that, right? . okay. [applause] >> who shelled paid a retur

. ♪ ♪ russia has been attacked, has been at war since june, backed by the army of czechoslovakia , franceutalized young men drunk with success, the juggernaut army which has never received a setback -- this army is approaching moscow. and moscow citizens go all out on the defense. ♪ this is our city, our streets, our playgrounds. ♪ if we are defeated on the outskirts, we will stop them within the city. ♪ refugees made homeless by the nazis come to moscow. ♪ tank traps. life goes on, but life as usual, a more intense life where , streetcars are within the earshot of guns. where citizens lined up before a wooden desk in the park, presenting themselves volunteers for the most dangerous duty in modern warfare. these are the guerrilla fighters, that go into enemy territory. they build factories and bridges in peace time. if necessary, they will blow them up now. we americans know them. we use them in our own war for independence. stern faces, brave faces. they expect no mercy from the enemy. their home would be the woods, their allies, night and surprised. their password, liberty. yes, they ha

escaped nazi is meant went from england back to czechoslovakia and the communist term. she was a professor, one of the students was condoleezza rice. it is an interesting connection but one of the points of the book is to show the contributions immigrants make to our country and in this case a brainpower contribution, very fine teacher inspires somebody to become secretary of state. his daughter and his student. i thought it was important to put in the fact the first woman secretary of state was an immigrant, and the fact that our secretary of state could tell others i am an immigrant, speaks volumes about america. >> a quote that i love says no but you couldn't love once you heard their story. you didn't say that but is that why you wanted to include everyone's story? >> yes. the political debate of skewers the beauty of immigration and what they do, and with the famous basketball player, people see him in dallas is a great basketball star but what they don't see is his willingness to help in the community and help others and help in all kinds of ways. that is the stor

her family is jewish horse then after having estate nazism, they went from england to act to czechoslovakia the coming. and then they got her out of there and he was a professor. one of his was condoleezza rice. so i thought that would be interesting connection for people. one of the points of the book is to show the contributions that immigrants make to our country and in this case it's a brainpower contribution. very fine teacher inspires somebody to become secretary of state. his daughter is prudent. i also thought it was important to put in there the fact that the first woman secretary of state was an immigrant. and the fact that our secretary of state until other speaks volumes about. >> absolutely. there's a quote that says there's no one you couldn't love once you heard their story. youdidn't say that quote but is that part of why you wanted to include everyone's stories ? >> yes, i wish i had thought of that. the political debate tends to obscure the beauty of immigration and what they do. in the communities in which they live. even dirk know it's key, the famous basketball player,

placed on a train and cried as part of a kindertransport evacuating children from nazi occupied czechoslovakia the trains bound for london where his jewish father had already sought refuge his mother was denied a visa. and put on a train. saying goodbye anxious parents at the station german soldiers. i suppose that was quite traumatic. give me some sandwiches for the journey and when i got to love that i had no problem at all hadn't touched them but on the hub my father was waiting for me. at liverpool sensation i was very very lucky that his father died not long after and all those mother made it a lot and she was never happy there but the 88 year olds doesn't like to talk about those things he prefers to an exchange through political progress and a seat in the british house of lords in parliament dobbs advocates for underage refugees well as they did for the 1st half of what the minister said was slightly less certain about the 2nd half of his cross party initiative as unable to 480 children mainly from war zones to come to the u.k. even if the government cut back on the numbers. i think sav

placed on a train and frank as part of a kindertransport evacuating children from nazi occupied czechoslovakia the train was bound for london where his jewish father had already sought refuge his mother was denied a visa. in put on a train. saying goodbye and parents of the station german soldiers. i suppose that was quite traumatic. give me some sandwiches for the journey and what i got to love that i had no problem at all hadn't touched them but on the hug my father was waiting for me. at liverpool sensation are very very lucky that his father died not long after and although his mother made it a lot and she was never happy there but the 88 year old's doesn't like to talk about those things he prefers to not change through political progress and a seat in the british house of lords in parliament dobbs advocates for under-age refugees well as they did for the 1st half of what the minister said was slightly less certain but about the 2nd half of his cross party initiative has enabled 480 children mainly from war zones to come to the u.k. even if the government cut back on the numbers. i think

. >> someone else asked what were the reactions to the soviet withdrawal in cuba and then czechoslovakia and the others. >> one thing that we know depended on the relations that day. i quote in my book memoirs of the security shift and talking about extremely hectic behavior on the part of khrushchev. in terms of the rest, everyone was terrified. the closest advisors but they kept silent and really couldn't say publicly what they felt that the attitude was critical. there were reports to visit soon after and what they report on is almost hours trying to sell to them it was a great success and that is very clear he had to get the access and that it was critical. a. >> we need to wrap up now, but i have one last question for you. this was said to be the most dangerous going into the history. what do you think of the situation we are looking in today? is it a more or less dangerous world than it was back in 1962 if you could be quite succinct about that? i thought it would be possible in the introduction of the conclusions. the feeling is [inaudible] pre- 62 this is the nuclear arms race, u

she's jewish course and then after having escaped not theism, they went from england back to czechoslovakia and thenthe communists came . and he was a professor. one of his students was condoleezza rice. so i thought that would be an interesting connection for people. one of the points of the book is to show the contributions immigrants make to our country and in ntthis case it's a brainpower contribution. this is a very fine teacher who inspires somebody to become secretaryof state . his daughter and of course his student. i also thought it was important to put in there the fact that the first woman equatorial state was an immigrant. and the fact that our secretary of state could tell others i'm an immigrant. it speaks volumes about america. >> absolutely. this quote i love that says there's no one you could love once you heard their story. youdidn't say that quote but is that part of why you wanted to include everyone's stories ? >> i wish i had thought of that. again, the political debate tends to obscure the beautyof immigration and what they do . and the communities in which they live.

nazi germany than they laid out city infamous unic conference in which the survey salon's of czechoslovakia was given away to hit that just encouraged it less insatiable lust but senatorial expansion and then the soviet union in the summer of night in august of $1000.00 votes none if what britain and france have done previously or germany they signed an agreement with nazi germany was not a pact so friendship battles by both sides to fight for what they believed was going to be an inevitable conflict and would be frank about the lands of the red army apparently and next from poland that was tradition that was land which poland had taken from the soviet union during the polish soviet war there were no bullets fired from the red army enter the eastern europe or the eastern lands or opponent they were celebrated by both the bellamy. and the ukrainian yes because poland could be as a result of the end days and announcing based boland became a failed state was no longer a functioning state demons were rapidly running out of here i think it's really important to me and. our viewers this immersion

we go to czechoslovakia, don't laugh, the idiot in the back. you should listen to that.ry american who fights is a hero. you will realize when it's too late. >> and the war, and the war and the war >> >> and every president of the united states in the 19 sixties voiced isn't horsemen of the united states position. >> today, the communists looking for domination over southeast asia, and they're trying to break our rules to make that attempt. >> the u.s. with which communists make of democracy, and then when they seized power, at the effectiveness and which they manage the apparatus so that dissent cannot arise, and so people can no longer express their will, liquidation by gunfire or the opposition or by forcing themselves out of the country to be refugees. this is the kind of problem we will have in this decade and in my judgment it is a an extremely difficult matter for the free nations to deal with. i must say it's a matter that we must addressed all of our attention. >> this nation will keep its commitments from south vietnam to west berlin. >> since i took office as

the annual commemorations of the liberation of czechoslovakia in 1945, in part by the red army — alwayscle gang couldn't enter the country this time, due to the covid restrictions, so these are mostly czech sympathisers. this year, it's happening at a time of heightened tension — after claims of russian sabotage operations on czech soil, which moscow denies. but not all czechs believe their government's version of events. translation: these shots of passports were photos. i any amateur could produce them if they were trying to hold a show trial or something. in my opinion, it really isn't something that should be setting off a diplomatic war. the diplomatic expulsions are being described as a watershed moment in czech—russia relations. some claim they'll be a chance to root out what prague says is "a nest of spies" in russia's embassy and start from scratch. hopefully it will, because our relationship with russia was completely unbalanced and russians were definitely playing the stronger game against us. so i hope that we will be, let's say, clever enough and we will use this opportunit

you should be not -- do you know what it means having communists go to hungary, to czechoslovakia, gople here is fighting for freedom. every -- is a hero. every vietnamese should get a medal, every american who fights is a hero. you will realize when it's too late. >> end the war! end the war! >> the debate went on. the demonstrations went on. and every president of the united states during the 1960s and voiced his endorsement of the united states position. >> today the communists reached ruthlessly for domination over southeast asia and are trying to break our will to foil the attempt. >> the use which the communists make of democracy, and then when they seize power, the effectiveness with which they manage the police apparatus so that dissent cannot arise and so that the people can no longer express their will, the liquidation by gun fire of the opposition or by forcing them out of the country to be refugees, this suggests the kind of problem which we're going to have in this decade. and in my judgment it's an extremely difficult matter for the free nations to deal with. i must say

was placed on a train and as part of a kindertransport evacuating children from nazi occupied czechoslovakia the train was bound for london where his jewish father had already sought refuge his mother was denied a visa. and put on a train. by anxious parents of the station german soldiers. i suppose that was quite traumatic. give me some sandwiches for the journey and when i got to love that i had no problem at all and parts of them but all they had by far was waiting for me. at liverpool sensation i was very very lucky that his father died not long after and all those mother made it a lot and she was never happy there but the 88 year old's doesn't like to talk about those things he prefers to not change through political progress and a seat in the british house of lords in parliament dobbs advocates for underage refugees well as they did for the 1st half what the minister said i was slightly less certain about the 2nd half of this cross party initiative has enabled 480 children mainly from war zones to come to the u.k. even if the government cut back on the numbers. i think saving one perso

placed on a train and cried as part of a kindertransport evacuating children from nazi occupied czechoslovakia the trains bound for london where his jewish father had already sought refuge his mother was denied a visa. and put on a plane. saying goodbye and parents at the station german soldiers fossett goes on . i suppose that was quite traumatic. give me some sandwiches for the journey and when i got to love that i had no problem at all hadn't touched them but all they had by far was waiting for me. at liverpool sensation are very very lucky that his father died not long after and although his mother made it a lot and she was never happy there but the 88 year olds doesn't like to talk about those things he prefers to not change through political progress and a seat in the british house of lords in parliament dubs advocates for under-age refugees well as they cater for the 1st half of what the minister said i was slightly less certain about the 2nd half of his cross party initiative has enabled 480 children mainly from war zones to come to the u.k. even if the government cut back on the numbe

remember when the soviet union visited hungary in the 50s and when they moved in they moved into czechoslovakia in the 60s and the people who are part of thosepl movements were looking o the west to provide additional help and we did not provide, we did not live up to the promise that they felt the way it made to them so we have to be careful about the kind a of promises tht we make. it out to you at a chance to meet with syrians at the start of their uprising in 2012, early 2012 and i remember saying to them you know once we get through this election thee unitd states is going to step up and provide additional help to all of you as you are trying to take on assad and we didn't do that. so w i think we need to providig kurgman but we have gote to be realistic about what we can do to support some of those movements. >> it was in the company of senator john mccain that i also had a business with a group of syrians much as senator shaheen is describing one of the things about him he was kind enough to include me in some of his co-dels overseas but when the hallmarks of senator mccain's work and tr

placed on a train and cried as part of a kindertransport evacuating children from nazi occupied czechoslovakia the train was bound for london where his jewish father had already sought refuge his mother was denied a visa. and put on a train. saying goodbye anxious parents at the station german soldiers. i suppose that was quite traumatic. give me some sandwiches for the journey and when i got to love that i had no problem at all hadn't touched them but all they had my father was waiting for me. at liverpool sensation are very very lucky that his father died not long after and all those mother made it a lot and she was never happy there but the 88 year old's doesn't like to talk about those things he prefers to not change through political progress and a seat in the british house of lords in parliament dobbs advocates for underage refugees well as they cater for the 1st half of what the minister said i was slightly less certain about the 2nd half of this cross party initiative has enabled 480 children mainly from war zones to come to the u.k. even if the government cut back on the numbers. i th

seven trains went to czechoslovakia. and they fooled the red cross and the rest of the world. the jews there were moved to auschwitz and gassed. and about nine trains went to bergen-belsen. that's where luck pops up again. it was the only place -- really the only place -- yeah, it was the only place where jewish children under the age of 15 could possibly survive. because in auschwitz, all jewish children under the age of 15 were murdered upon arrival. usually with their mother and anyone seen not fit or able to work. so, again, of the 107,000 jews that were deported from holland to the camps at the end of the war, about 5,000 were alive. and that included 800. in westerbork, they were in danger. in theory, the germans would have shot them, but they didn't. so actually only about -- over 4,000 jews who were deported to the actual camps out of 107 survived the war. by far, the worst death toll anyone in western europe. my father, by the way, said to my mother, i always had bad ear infections and there was no medical care. and my -- and the nazis preferred to put families on the

the first war would be crushing czechoslovakia. the second would beat britain and france. and then the soviet union and then, number four the united states. when it was for britain and france that the major rearmament of the 1930's gets started in 1933, by 1937, that is well underway. rearmament for war with the soviet union is not needed because that is a bunch of incompetent jews who would take over slavic inferiors. no new weapons would be needed to deal with those more on's once we have things otherwise cleared and conquering the soviet union will take care of the raw material needs for war against the united states, especially the need for oil. but, while the united states is a racially mixed society and easy to defeat, there are technical issues. that is, it is a long ways off and it has a good size navy. they can build more of it. in 1937, two things are started: you mentioned bombing. it is the development of a bomber that can fly across the atlantic, bombed the eastern united states and the midwest and return to germany without refueling. this is the origin of the

placed on a train and cried as part of a kindertransport evacuating children from nazi occupied czechoslovakia the trains bound for london where his jewish father had already sought refuge his mother was denied a visa. and put on a train. saying goodbye anxious parents of the station german soldiers. i suppose that was quite traumatic. give me some sandwiches for the journey and when i got to love that i had no problem at all hadn't touched them but on the hug my father was waiting for me. at liverpool street station i was very very lucky that his father died not long after and all those mother made it a lot and she was never happy there but the 88 year old's doesn't like to talk about those things he prefers to an exchange through political progress and a seat in the british house of lords in parliament dobbs advocates for under-age refugees well as they grateful for the 1st half what the minister said i was slightly less certain about the 2nd half of this cross party initiative as unable to 480 children mainly from war zones to come to the u.k. even if the government cut back on the numbers.

one of the figures in that chapter is a linguist he was living in czechoslovakia in the 1920s going to the linguistic circle. he supposed to be the start corn coin the word structuralism. he did this in an articles published in a check periodical in 1920s. my office happens to be in the slavic section of the herford library. i walked out of my office, 10 feet away is that periodical. i can take it off-the-shelf it's incredible. so i just feel unbelievably lucky to have this resource and i used it. i got so much out of it. but that's why it took a long time to write the book. i like to say and 18 chapters that for lycos cloning mount everest 18 times. there is a question from gary which in some way chose to leave out a different point. i'm sure there are many more characters. in his case the question is about for the chapter white secretary of defense was left out for example. vicki is in there briefly. he is important as you know of course that's a question because he really kind of replaces ultimately. he comes to create the conditions for the national security state the choices of st

and that was then funneling back in czechoslovakia. so this was something they were trying to prevent because it is such a powerful piece of evidence. and so i was curious about the issue of use of the sensitivities of using them and respecting the community. and i was surprised when i went to the video testimony, and foundation in u.s. city and in a systematic search on the photos. at the end of this testimonies, and i looked at the notes. often there was a family photograph at the end. kind of attribute to restore the lives. but very often during the interviews, the survivors will hold up in atrocity i don't often sometimes is the same photo that had been reproduced so manyro times. been part of that discourse of resistance they hold it up and put in front of the camera. and sometimes the interviewer this was back in the 1990s, the interviewer willn look away. in the survivors are like, look at this, this is what happened to us and do not forget. susan interesting discussion on whether you should look not. who is speaking on behalf o

high-profile headline operations that have been disclosed in the last months have occurred in the czechoslovakiarepublican, one blown up by g.r.u. operatives, including the two assassins who tried t murder scripall. and another series of operations in bulgaria, where they had attempted to poison, with novichok, with the name of a man i interviewed in my book, and he recounted in agonizing detail what he suffered. they want to undermine western governments through kinetic things, and blowing things up on nato soil is, meets the definition of state terrorism, and murder. these guys are mean and very, very hyperactive. and here is the scary part: we only know a quarter, at most, probably less, a fraction, really, of what they're up to, based on their travel plans, their itinerary. this is only the tip of the iceberg. >> brangham: michael weiss, editor-at-large of the daily beast, always good to have. >> my pleasure. >> woodruff: it is a crucial moment for one of the most- closely watched bills in the u.s. congress. the "for the people" act is democrats' voting rights and campaign reform bill. alrea

. >> my grandparents, and my mother side, are from czechoslovakia.t came out. >> you nailed that. good. >> so we predicted that she would have lighter cheekbones, whiter ice, larger ice. and then a wider jaw, and there are tuned. a fairly petite knows. but a little bit wider at that base. the next page siege going to include your composite. >> oh wow! the eyes look very much like mine. >> light ice but with a golden center, and a dark ring. medium blonde here. >> if i was a suspect in a criminal case, this would give me away. [laughs] >> yeah, i think so. >> putting together a profile like this is labor intensive and costly. up to 30 $600. a lot of money for cash strapped on the side units like albuquerque's. but after months of dogged persistence, gonterman wrangled up this funds and shipped a sample of the john doe dna too parabon and settled into weight. the process would take several months. meanwhile, gonterman set brittani's file aside and focus on other cases. but it is at this time in october, 2016, when a name suddenly emerged from brittani'