central south dakota, pierre, south dakota, ft. pierce, south dakota, is the heart of the lewis and clark story. it is so important about their connections with american indians and how that went and how it could have gone. their pushing of diplomacy, their pushing of trade, the economy, their pushing of the military strength, and their scientific exploration. it's all about what's important at the lewis and clark expedition, their whole core of discovery about what they're all about. >> you can watch this and other programs on the history of communities across the country at c-span.org/citiestour. this is american history tv only on c-span3. >>> tonight, astronaut scott kelly recalls his voinls into space in his book, "endurance." he's interviewed by former nasa administrator charles bolden p. >> yours was the third -- >> third servicing mission. >> having been a part of that mission and having become an official hubble hugger, talk a little bit to me about what you believe the legacy of hubble is or does it have a legacy? >> i th

south dakota. many historians believe it could have been the end of the expedition, it was a confrontation, it was a great misunderstanding, between the non-indians, lewis and clark, and the indians here. lewis and clark were walking into a very difficult political situation amongst the american indians here. lewis and clark believed these were just simple people, simple lives and they would do what they were told and life was happy. these were very sophisticated people too. they were having a rival for leadership, between the black buffalo and the partisan, they were fighting over who was going to represent the tribe to these explorers coming up the missouri river. they also wanted to control the trade up and down the missouri river. it was in the lakota's best interest to not allow free trade up and down the missouri river. they got paid good from the explorers and the traders and trappers than indians up the river. of course the american explorers, the lewis and clark, they wanted to say, no, we

up and down the northern plains, right between minnesota and the dakotas. it was used for a number of objects, such as this board which has an incised buffalo figure. and then it was also used for the cutting of tobacco and the use of the pipe and prayer before a hunt out onto the plains. in addition to the catlonite plate that we have here, which we'll see a much larger representation of so that you can see the buffalo, here also is a pipe bowl that was carved from the same soft red stone that's quarried along the border between south dakota and minnesota. and then the stem that was also used with the bead work that became emblematic of the plains indians. the winter count would have been a form of the history book for the lakota people in the sense that the tribal elders would have decided among themselves as to what event in the previous year was most important to them. and then on a buffalo hide, such as we have here in this reproduction, a glyph or a symbol representation of that particular event would be -- would appear. we know that from this particu

on the recent visit to sioux falls, zsouth dakota, we stoppe by the western plains museum, and there we are told about the immigrants and american indians who have called this region home. >> this is the northern plains referring to the many different ways that life on this part of the country has been recorded. either through letters or diaries or journals or photographs or objects as well, by the many, many different varieties of ethnic cultures that have lived here. what we wanted to accomplish in emphasizing the materials that you see in this exhibit is that more information can be gathered by just using the records that we have on the second floor, our research core, the archives themselves, and then also a research library of 40,000 volumes on the american west. human habitation in the plains would date from certainly in this part of the country, from well before the current era. most anthropologists north american indians as far back as 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, plains culture. what you will see in this exhibit here is much more recent, perhaps about 1700, but it is still pr

bismarck, south dakota, or north dakota. >> north dakota.ota is real beautiful. so you hate to hear stories like that. >> yes. >> you wouldn't think this time of the year either that wild fires would be an issue, but yes, just goes to slow. >> berks oh, boy. >> here at home, speaking of warmer wetter. >> definitely. today will be a mild one, we flirt with 6o but i think we will hit zero six where the week is done, ups and downs, curve balls thrown our way, with millions of us expected to travel for the holiday, with the big storm likely to break out leading into the holiday weekends, i want to gave you a sense of how things will shake out here if you've got any plans to travel whether it be by plane, treanor automobile. all right, so we go on out to storm scan3, there is a batch of moisture starting to work its way through texas, that is not going to pose any problems , that is actually going to just move to the east , and have no bearing on our forecast. but there will eventually be new storm that does develop across the eastern united stat

but for the most part, we're living -- we're in north dakota right now, right? >> yeah.e sort of like mostly dealing with people who live there already. >> dealing with communities of low wealth. so, most casino operations are humble economically. >> of the 562 tribes in the u.s., only 223 even have casinos. and of those, only 73 actually pay tribe members. while a few casinos like the one outside minneapolis pay members upwards of $84,000 a month, most are barely even profitable, like the nearby prairie one casino which if they even paid each member of the tribe, it would be around ten bucks a month. i know you worked deep in the movements to eliminate native mascots. i know a lot of the focus gets put on the washington football team, but you feel the same way about the cleveland baseball team. >> can you imagine a team called the asians or african americans? it would never happen. >> no. >> it has been clinically shown it harms the self-esteem of native american youth. it increases the likelihood they are going to adopt those stereotypes. >> people get so used to these

you represent south dakota. what does it mean for the folks of south dakota? >> in south dakota average income there are 55,000 a year. this is a big deal. if you look at it in real terms, a couple of examples, if you're a single parent with one child, $41,000 a year you get a 73% tax cut under current law. family of four with combined annual income of $73,000 a year gets a tax cut of a little over $2,000 which represents almost 60% reduction over what they're paying under current law. that's the real world impact of this and what it means to the people of south dakota and people across the country. when they look at this issue i think they see it differently than the democrats in washington, d.c. see it. >> hour fox polls taken just before the senate and house voted on this thing only 30% of americans were in favor of it. don't they understand it or don't they like what's in the bill >> i think they'll like it. when they get that paycheck and look at the deductions in the withholding on that and see they are getting more money in their pocket i think they'll

and north dakota was blocked from intervening. and this is -- related to oil and gas industry in our state, where our state has primacy, and we were blocked from intervening. oral arguments in october of this year, about the same time as you were putting out your memo, occurred in the -- the d.c. circuit court of appeals. and we were blocked again. the environmentalists and the epa prevailed. but what was most disturbing about that, and why i want to bring it to your attention, you have a really big task in front of you to meet not just the rule, but the culture. change that we had hoped to achieve. and that is that it was department of justice that argued so effectively against the state of north dakota in the d.c. circuit. so as we go forward, what i would love to do is be able to maybe have a meeting with my attorney general and you and me and plan the next phase of this, and use the state of north dakota as a partner, as opposed to, you know, a litigant on the other side. >> yeah, as i indicated earlier in my opening comments,

leed was the economic engine of south dakota. the highest paid salaries in south dakota.all of the economy and the local area. >> about to go to leed. >> the price of gold. >> gold was booming, 44 years ago. >> when cbs news last visit itted the mine in leed. after production cost and declining pries the mine shut down in the early 2000s. jobs. including, luke scott. >> when you heard it was closing, how did you -- process that. >> pretty hard to process that. i mean it was -- it was tough. >> because then you got to, try to find afuts job, you know. but, there -- isn't a lot of jobs for minors in this area. >> another mining town with a shut down mine. >> leed could have taken a dive. but it avoided that fate by, bite, taking a dive. nearly a mile beneath the surface. after suiting up, in clothes, boots, hard hats, we crowded into an elevator like cage. and descended 4,850 feet below the surface. along for the ride. david vardeman and le >> very lucky. fortunate that i get to come back and do what i like to do. i look to be underground. >> here, a new kind of mining is t

. >> reporter: as a single mother of four, dakota flores has plenty to worry about. two of her kids, 13-year-old tyler and 11-year-old harmonie, rely on chip.ù.the nationwide children's healthcare program in danger of running out of money. >> i'm completely worried. i don't sleep. i'm making all of their appointments before the end of the year to see what i can do until everything runs out. >> reporter: tyler has adhd and every day he takes medication to help him concentrate. harmonie has vision loss and goes to the eye doctor several times a year to change the prescription on her glasses. without chip dakota says her children's medical bills would cost several thousand dollars a year. but under the program, their care costs only $50 a month. >>> how would your kids development be without that program? >> my daughter wouldn't be able to see. she wouldn't get a new prescription every time her vision changes. >> reporter: chips funds in texas will run out at the end of january february.ù unless additional money comes through. >> this is literally a life and death progr

and gasoline fumes stephen to match make it to the land of great faces and great place to see south dakota. hey this is a coffee dave and you know the most it's great that's a cup of keystone joe whether it's there has the annoying thing of the forefathers on it that's incredible that's the closest cup of coffee to the constitution you're ever going to get young fellow what the fresh water flows down from rushmore to this fantastic location it's transforming i think i could feel ben franklins sweat it's a little sweet so i'm not quite sure from which part of him it is why are we talking about ben franklin money's on on mount rushmore yeah. max we're about to pull up to mt rushmore do you see the magnitude and significance you took the lactic sense to be of this frequency and vibration to which we're about to embark i'm curious whether it's going to hit me like this is the most significant money made in america i feel kind of strange because i've never been a mad rush mark i've never been there never been anywhere near mount rushmore i was here once as a little kid but it. ok hold on that's

and i didn't want anybody else to have a chance to find that out. >> in a small north dakota church, joan taft became mrs. david shannon. >> i thought he found somebody that was good for him. he was obviously happy. >> and she -- what was your impression of her? >> she seemed very nice, very sweet, very attentive to him, very much in love. >> they complimented each other, is what they did. >> it sounds almost as if you're talking about joan as if she was one of your children? >> she was almost like a daughter to me. yes. >> as for joan's two young daughters, daisy and elizabeth, david wanted them to be part of his new family. >> because he loved me, he loved them. >> and so he did. david shannon became both a husband and a father. >> they were all having a good time, being a normal family, you know, everybody getting along or fighting as you do. you love them. definitely. >> soon the shannon's became six, with the birth of their two boys. and in 2000, david took the family south to fayetteville when he was transferred to ft. bragg. >> david loved the military, he loved being a soldie

here in phoenix by the first lady of south dakota. the chairman of the western governors association, the rd.orable dennis duga thank you, jim. thank you, christine. christine, you have a good voice. let's move on. [laughter] let me join jim in welcoming you all to phoenix. i am pleased to see some any western governors here. we have a great program planned, and i'm delighted we can share this time together. over the next two days we will have visits with top administration officials including the secretary of labor , the secretary of u.s. foreston, service chief who will be visiting with us momentarily. and although he was not able to stay for today's activities, we visited with the secretary of agriculture. we will hear to other keynote speakers. the president of the arizona cardinals, and john ratzenberger. most of you know john as the clavin from the tv show, "cheers". johnnk we will all enjoy speak about that. john's comments will touch on one of the greatest challenges our nation faces which is vital to expanding our economic vi

did finally descend almost to come to report on the standing rock sioux tribes resistance to the dakota access point line. that. journalists only showed up in big numbers when the law to protect is subject to deployments the provided the kind of lawyer telegenic flashpoint that most climate change stories. it didn't become a major story for legacy media until it no longer can be ignored the night of november twentieth when police used water cannons water protectors and set freezing temperatures at that point mediate no longer had any more excuses for why they couldn't send crews out to them what had become a very alarming set of circumstances dave our chimbo is a tribal leader for the standing rock sioux tribe that really instigated this. resistance movement and he has spoken very eloquently about concern about climate change and how that intersects with the tribes concerned about their water quality and tribal sovereignty lessen our dependency on our character industry about fossil fuels but those arguments very rarely made it into media discussions of the dakota access pipeline within

industry about fossil fuels but those arguments very rarely made it into media discussions of the dakota access pipeline within our settler colonial culture that there are these deeply how racist myths about indigenous peoples as dysfunctional as off sickles to progress you know simply shoved aside by history and i think that was why in south dakota it took so long for the mainstream media to finally turn their attention to what was really a historic standoff with big oil in america standing rock is not a stand alone case this is happened over and over again in tribal community here in the united states and around the world so is it going to take bottom up voices all the time to tell these environmental justice issues or is it now the onus on journalists to talk about climate justice and. covering climate change means communicating urgency without. looking beyond belief politics to a grassroots movements already taken action. identifying the actors and the system that got his here in the first place but to represent climate justice requires one more crucial step to identify and give voic

and north dakota was blocked from intervening. and this is -- related to oil and gas industry in our state, where our state has primacy, and we were blocked from intervening. oral arguments in october of this year, about the same time as you were putting out your memo, occurred in the -- the d.c. circuit court of appeals. and we were blocked again. the environmentalists and the epa prevailed. but what was most disturbing about that, and why i want to bring it to your attention, you have a really big task in front of you to meet not just the rule, but the culture. change that we had hoped to achieve. and that is that it was the department of justice attorneys that argued so effectively against the state of north dakota in the d.c. circuit. so as we go forward, what i would love to do is be able to maybe have a meeting with my attorney general and you and me and plan the next phase of this, and use the state of north dakota as a partner, as opposed to, you know, a litigant on the other side. >> yeah, as i indicated earlier in my ope

christine holmes joins us from south dakota.ongress woman, is it your thinking and are you hearing it would be avoided? a government shut-down of any sort will be avoided? >> i do believe that, neil. we have a two-week c.r. we will be voting on shortly. meantime, we're going to complete tax reform and look at an end of the year funding package that takes care of the military and the government is funding throughout the rest of the fiscal year. >> neil: there's many in the house that this is just going to add spending. that it will be an opportunity for people to decorate it like a christmas tree and add one unpaid for ornament after the other. what do you say to that? >> that's all my concern. these end of the year spending packages can get loaded up with specific priorities of individuals that we would like to keep it clean and make sure we're keeping responsible for taxpayer dollars. honestly today the debate is over a two-week clean c.r., which is appropriate. my focus being a member of the conference committee is focusing on

college football, fcs semifinals, james madison and south dakota state. a huge night for marcus marshall, 203 yards on the ground including this 87 yard touchdown. big, and they will face north dakota state for the championship game january 6. the redskins have activated kicker dustin hopkins. that means that nick rhodes has been cut. redskins play arizona tomorrow at fedex field. ♪ little girl and boy land ♪ while you dwell within it ♪ you are ever happy there daddy, it's christmas! ♪ childhood's joy land never let go of your dreams. the mercedes-benz winter event is back. lease the e300 sedan for $569 a month at your local mercedes-benz dealer. mercedes-benz. the best or nothing. see holiday tradition in a whole new light. with over 8 million twinkling lights. more than anywhere else in america. enjoy coasters and thrills. and celebrate with holiday shopping and shows. bring your family