after that, dave stuart deciphered this glyph to be a parentage statement saying that makchanal was the son of a woman named lady ahau kin. after the mother's name, then they tell you that he was the successor of a man named kukhowil. thereafter they give you some more of the titles of our friend makchanal, all the way to this glyph right here. this was recently read by david stuart as "ah k'ul," which means "courtier." so what that tells us is that makchanal was a member of the royal court of king yax pac, labelled by this glyph and by the copan emblem or city glyph back here. david's decipherment was of crucial interest to us as archaeologists, because although we were able to predict which sites were the residences of the elite members of copan society we couldn't know what their role was in the larger scheme of things. keach: other courtier glyphs have been found at copan. these courtiers may have also been scribes, or warrior or artisans. perhaps the king awarded their titles in exchange for loyalty in the years following 18 rabbit's death. the discovery of the courtier glyph expos