. >> host: larry downes, do ma gel loan, tomtom, garmin, do they exist anymore? >> guest: they do.frankly, they're much smaller. they lost a lot of the value of their stock, their revenues and products. they still go in more specialized markets. you might still have an in-dash device in a higher-end car. they would be the makers of that. but as far as that consumer business where you bought your own little stand-alone gps device, that business is pretty much gone. >> host: walk us through the four steps of "the big bang disruption." singularity, the big bang, the big crunch and entropy. >> guest: right. so this is sort of the new life cycle we see for how innovation enters, saturates and then leaves markets. and we picked those names, of course, these are all names from the big bang theory of the universe. we're using it, obviously, metaphorically. but what we say is this initial period i was discussing where all these experiments are going on, that's the singularity. it's very cheap now to do experimentation. you can find people to fund you, you can work with off-the-shelf compone