i mean doris kerns goodwin had something to say today about violence and galvanization and radicalization. she had that to say today about heading off the possibility of a civil war. she meant it as a good news story, i know, right, that history is here to help and we can and should learn from im, i know, but, honestly, looking at how this unfolded over the course of today, i am ready to hear from somebody who understands these things, how this ends well. joining us now is presidential historian, pulitzer prize winner, author doris kearns goodwin, thank you for making the time on this big day. >> i'm very glad to be with you, rachel. >> let me ask if i misconstrued the point that you were making today? i tried to sort of play it without interruption, without internal edits so people could hear it the way you presented it because it knocked me off my chair a little bit. let me ask if i interpreted that wrong or heard it wrong. >> no, absolutely, i think what you saw in the 1850s, and what you're seeing right now are alternative realities, right? on one side in the north seeing it as you sa