douglas macarthur re-created first army as a broad army organization. under the command of lieutenant general hugh drumm was turned into a fighting force into the second world war. between 1940 and 1944, germany dominated western europe. under the heel of the nazi boot, most european countries were ground into subjection. ♪ from the balkans in the south to the rugged coast of norway, europe had become one mighty not the fortress -- not see fortress -- nazi fortress, and tailor the evilonification of -- and hit lower, the personification of -- hitler, the personification of evil. moving to england in the fall of 1943, it retraced the first of many miles it had traveled 25 years earlier. there were a few veterans but through the determination and the courage of the soldiers, they would once again make history. england meant endless hours of activity to bring the men to the peak of their performance. every skill was polished. every muscle hardened. every mind tuned to the structural -- the struggle which laid ahead. ♪ the allied plans for the invasion draw

wildeant alvin york, while bill donovan, general douglas macarthur of the division.hould the glory which covered the first army. in new york, the soldiers were entertained by a city of a giant picnic rally held in their honor. first army's success had been well-deserved. it was a national effort carried out quickly and capably. the soldiers returned to the popular belief that the great war had been the last. inactivated in 1919, first army seemed to be part of the past, but the complacency of the 20 gave way to european unrest. chief of staff douglas macarthur re-created first army as a broad part of a broader army organization. first army, under the command of lieutenant general hugh drumm, was turned into a fighting force before our entry into the second world war. between 1940 and 1944, germany dominated western europe. under the heel of the nazi boot, most free european countries were ground into subjection. ♪ from the balkans in the south to the rugged coast of norway, europe had become one mighty nazi fortress. and hitler the personification of evil. during the

chief of staff douglas macarthur re-created first army as part of a broader army organization. a paper army during the depression, first army, under the command of lieutenant general hugh drum, was turned into a fighting force before our entry into the second world war. between 1940 and 1944, germany dominated western europe. under the heel of the nazi boot, most free european countries were ground into subjection. ♪ from the balkans in the south to the rugged coast of norway, europe had become one mighty nazi fortress. the swastika was the symbol of brutality and oppression, and , the personification of evil. during the first two years of our participation in world war ii, the first army had been home for the assault on fortress europe. moving to england in the fall of 1943, it retraced the first of 1943, it retraced the first of many miles it had traveled 25 years earlier. there were a few veterans but determination, and the courage of the soldiers, they would once again make history. england meant work, endless grueling hours of activity to bring the men to the peak of their

then you also get douglas macarthur's signature. is the name of each individual crewmember. drew.ne is for a.l. of them,ave a handful they are incredibly rare and incredibly important. this actually shows the timing for september 2, 1945. they recorded each person who came on board to win the ceremony in come at 925 -- at 9:25. at 9:25 p.m.,nds and the japanese officials have left by 9:29 a.m. we've already seen how detailed battleships schedule and plan can be pier 1 of the things we have in our collections is the plan of the day. they do tell everything that will happen down to exact time spirit we have one from august 30, 1945 that there's a line written by the ships second income it -- second in command. ands incredibly telling, bears the weight of what was about to happen in a few days time on board. it says we have the energy, ability, and strength to prepare for and put on a glorious show for the grand finale. if each of us says all he can in this last push, then come as i said long ago in newport, when our grandchildren gath

shigemu the third person would be general much douglas -- general douglas macarthur himself. he did not represent the united states. that would be the fourth person to sign. nimitz. m there are two copies of the surrender documents. what japan, so, we do not display the originals, for obvious reasons. we have replicas on board. the originals are in the national archives in washington, d.c. and a war museum in tokyo. have a replica of one of macarthur's pens. he used six to sign a document, which sounds a bit strange. he chose to use sixpence for arthur, for aand very simple reason that we still do today if you look at with important laws. he wanted to give these pens away as souvenirs. following the last signature, he stepped up to a microphone and said simply, these proceedings are closed. thousand signal and a allied aircraft flew in formation. from the beginning at the ceremony at nine or two bam, to the end, was -- the beginning of the ceremony at 9:02, to the end was 20 minutes. now we are back on the uss missouri. we have come to recognize this part of the ship for an e

if you want to understand douglas macarthur to study that action because in many ways, what drives him is his father as an example are in this moment of an 18-year-old grabbing this flag on missionary ridge goes a long way to explaining what drives and inspires douglas macarthur. but that's another talk for a whole other time. suffice it to say, let's see what grant has done in 1863 compared to any other officer. he's open to the mississippi river. he's rescued the army of the cumberland and he is positioned -- position the army against the vitals of the deep south. they can go to alabama, atlanta, and they can also move up in the east tennessee to complete the liberation of the area, which they madden -- managed to do around knoxville. so, grant has managed to do many things that lincoln has wanted to have done all through the war and managed to do with the resources on hand and without lecturing the commander in chief, the president of the united states, about military matters. this looks pretty good to lincoln. then, this is something that is underappreciated. that winter, as grant

goes a long way to explain what drives, inspires douglas macarthur. but that is a whole other talk for another time. suffice it to say, look at what grant date in 1863 compared to any other federal officer. he opened the mississippi river, rescued the army of the cumberland, and is positioned with a dagger against the vitals of the deep south of the confederacy. from chattanooga, they can go to alabama, to atlanta, a likely destination. they can also move into east tennessee, complete the liberation of that area, which they managed, which an expedition does assisting ambrose burnside around the knoxville area. so grant has managed to do many things lincoln wanted done through the war, and managed to do it with the resources on hand, without lecturing the commander-in-chief, the president of the united states, about military matters. this looks pretty good to lincoln. and then, this is something that is underappreciated, that winter as grant, and this is appropriate, by the way, because grant as commander-in-chief of all forces in the west has a key ro

general douglas macarthur thought he had the war won in 1950 when he sent u.s.o china. he was wrong. david martin looks back on the battle of chosen reservoir. >> reporter: you may have seen these pictures before. american fighting men pushed to their limits and beyond. >> we took turns sleeping in the daytime. it was too cold at night. >> reporter: but unless you were there, you have no idea. >> most reliable was the strongest of our instincts. we all just did what we had to do to survive. >> reporter: now 90, warren was a young marine at the reservoir in north korea in the brutal winter of 1950. >> people can't imagine 40, 50 below zero. everything froze. vehicles froze, rifles froze, people froze. if you got wounded, you couldn't walk, you froze to death. >> turkey and the trimmings, courtesy of the u.s. air force. >> reporter: it was thanksgiving and the legendary general douglas macarthur had turned the tide of battle. >> barrel northward against the enemy. >> reporter: north korean troops who had invaded the south were in full retreat. they were in hot pur

as an assistant -- the assistant secretary of defense, or as special assistant to douglas macarthur, or working in the battle monuments commission book that he did for john pershing in europe in the late 1920's, or going off to the philippines with macarthur from 1935 to 1940, when he gets a much larger view of the world. but the most critical posting eisenhower had in his years, what some would say the wilderness, but really, they were the apprenticeship years, 1922-1924, where he is in panama. that is where he comes under the tutelage of a general by the name of fox connor, who is a highly successful military man. him i will say just briefly about connor, he gave eisenhower a kind of postgraduate education that was invaluable to him for the rest of his life. they would go out on horseback in panama every morning after eisenhower had been assigned a book to read. the book might be a history of a campaign of the civil war, it might be something about hannibal, he might have to read something else. eisenhower said he read the art of war three times. he would be quizzed. and connor was