there's even a section on the digital archive here on si sino dprk relations. it's a curated collection of documents. right here. where there are several hundred documents on the relationship over the decade and you can see here these three conversations. look at all of them. they're great. fascinating stuff. those three conversations in particular or three records i hope people look at. >> and a reminder, digital archives.org. >> org, correct. >> in the back there. >> hello. steven costello with the a and e east project. could you guide us on the purges in north korea since kim jong-un came to power. what should we take from the number, the seniority of the officia officials, the reasons given, so on like that. how should we view the purges in the past? thanks. >> i think some of it -- there are -- you know, i've only seen what is available through, you know, the public and i haven't seen anything classified. but my sense is that in some of these cases, including the case of, you know, his uncle, it was a difference of opinions again. here was a guy who was pr

years ago a report was issued that created a ground swell of interest of human rights abuses in the dprk. this movement is real. it has traction and it has results. and it will continue to do so into the future. but for each of the countries, the united states japan and south korea, while the human rights issue was important to all three countries, in many ways thern not connected. it was a dispar at issue. the united states had its concerns about human rights abuses and south korea had its own agenda with regard to human rights and japan of course had its own agenda. but i think what we're seeing today at the event that we are hosting is really the unity among the three countries, not just as allies, not just in terms of the security issues related to dprk but also with regard to the human rights issues. we have with us today, the three ambassadors from the three countries with regard to this issue. and what we think is a very unique opportunity for the sharing of views and perspectives and a way forward on this issue. to start us off this afternoon, i will introduce dr. michael green,

or the dprk, which did not look to be all that new.n fact, the hungarian ambassador said it is difficult to support it. i to support such a bull -- will not say the whole word, but that is what he said. he said the suggestion was not new. well actually, it was. it amazed the north koreans that people do not grasp it. the dprk was a new definition of three -- reunification. in the past, the north koreans had put forward the idea of the confederation as a way station, on the way to total unification. going through the phases of a confederation. k was the definition of the new unification. and it held true through the 1980's, the concept allowed them to deal more directly, more openly, more formally with the republic of korea that, for example, in the late 1980's when the two prime ministers met, the north koreans referred to him by his proper title, the prime minister of the republic of korea. so my view was that, and as a matter of fact, i was around in 1960, i was doing the analysis groups of the congress and a remember chewing over th

this rifle fired wide the founder of the dpr k -- dprk. they all apparently hit bull's-eyes.re at the bottom of the range. hitting economic targets will be harder. there are hopes the party will formulate arms to nascent market and economy. a new middle class has sprung up but much of the population remains poor and malnourished. sanctions against north korea are the toughest in 20 years. weak commodity prices have hit hard those things they continue to export. expect everyone will have to wait until the curtains come down until we get a clearer insight into north korea's future. he will get his chance to further legitimize his grip ruling partyhe meeting. tom: rish, we are standing outside a building called the april the 25th house of culture. it is where the delegates of the workers party have congregated this morning. we also believe that the leader is inside addressing them. we believe it started around 9:00 a.m. we have been allowed to stand back on the corner looking across the road at a square filled with coaches from the worker party delegates. we are expecting a lot

the dprk was a new definition of unification. in the past, the north koreans had put forward the idea of the confederation as a way station, on the way to total unification. going to the phases of unification. the d.c. arce was the new definition -- dcrk was the definition of unification. and it held true through the 1980's, the concept allowed them more directly, more formally, with the republic of korea that, for example, in the late 1980's when the two prime ministers met, the north koreans referred to him by his proper title, the prime minister of the republic of korea. so my view was that, and as a matter of fact, i was around in 1960, i was doing the analysis groups of the congress and a remember chewing over this thing, but my view is that we might see something pretty important. congress, int this terms of principles or underlying philosophy, which would then govern new initiatives toward south korea, even though things are terrible right now. but kim jong-un is looking in the long term, he will leave her in the rearview

they have introduced dprk trains. they say that is a sign of economic development.also now swipe in rather than relying on paper tickets. back on the city streets, there is evidence of a more significant technological upgrade. pyongyang's residents can choose from a number of different smartphone brands. we visited the store. the top model costs around $400 and comes preloaded with an android operating system and a host of apps including five versions of angry birds. as is often the case in north korea, things are not always what they seem. international calls are blocked on cell phones and the only surfing you can do is on the government controlled intranet. ♪ ♪ mark: this is a lovely function -- you know it well. earnings analysis. this is the earnings analysis for the stoxx 600. surprises?ing at >> we have got a cracking function. ectr. the trade relationships. this shows you the trading relationships. >> if you want to know more, just view ecfc . then you have all the forecast there. we are looking at gdp growth. under 6%. cpi, unemployment. scarlet: there i

with regard to the question of the international community pressing the dprk, you know, i think we've done a fairly good job of trying to bring the international community together and press the north koreans and i think the north koreans are feeling the pressure in terms of looking at human rights. when the commission of inquiry issued its report, the north koreans came back very agg they they had a couple of people in new york who made appearances before the council on foreign relations for the first time. they've tried to defend the north koreans in light of the of what the results of inquiry were on the human rights issue. the north korean foreign minister for the first time in 14 years made an appearance in new york and spoke at the general assembly session in an effort to defend the north that that continued during 2015 and the north koreans fought back, they attempted to -- on the resolutions that were being adopted in the general assembly and in the human rights council to call for votes, they had allies who -- the country's you would expect voted against the the the numbers d

-madehave introduced dprk trains, and they say that is a sign of economic development here.an also now swipe in rather than rely on paper tickets. back on the city streets, there is evidence of a more significant technological upgrade. pyongyang residents are avid smartphone users, and can now choose from a number of different brands. we visited this store, selling one make reportedly produced here in north korea. $400op model cost around and comes preloaded with an android operating system and a host of apps, including five versions of "angry birds." but as is often the case in north korea, things are not always what they seem. blockedional calls are on cell phones here, and the only surfing you can do is on the government controlled intranet. for bloomberg news, i am tom mackenzie in pyongyang. manus: great reporting from tom mackenzie and the team. ow, say it for long enough and it is bound to come true. the prediction from the 1990's on the yen's weakness comes to pass. se look at the so-called "soro chart." ♪ rishaad: you are back with "bloomberg markets middle east." j

they think we are bent on regime change and on sorting the dprk. so they want the recognition as a nuclear power and they want the nuclear capabilities. it's their ticket to survival. >> julian from the hill? >> the question about there's a lawsuit allowed to proceed in washington brought in support of regards of their work in the program. . the cia conducted under president bush. wondering if you have any concern about the implications of allowing a lawsuit like that to go forward? if you're worried that hinders outside contractor's ability to work with the ic in the future? >> the lawsuit in washington? >> the question is if there's any concern that the lawsuit is allowed to go forward and continues to go forward, will discourage cooperation from contractors with the ic in the future? >> well, i don't know. i mean i'm reluctant to comment on an ongoing matter of litigation. so i really shouldn't say anything about it. the likelihood that we're going to engage in hire contractors to do extraordinary interrogation techniques is about slim and none.

tear 1:00, dprk, north koreans, pakistan, china, russia, all with nukes.2, radical islam, not just isis. define victory. deter the chinese russian expansionism. deny safe havens to islamic radical terrorists number four, japan republican south korea, u.a.e., the slowing began of we got your back means something more than mattress company ad. finally they want to protect the homeland against ballistic missile strike. secure our borders. that means protecting america. melissa: is there something xenophobic or saying america first? that is sort of the length if you go past the isolationist idea -- >> are you asking -- melissa: go ahead. >> melissa, you're asking wrong guy. i served for 25 years in the united states marine corps. we always put america first. melissa: so then maybe it wouldn't change anything? if you're saying that the marine corps and military always puts america first already, maybe it doesn't change anything to have donald trump out there saying it? >> no, i think donald trump needs to say it. i think any president needs to say it. i had gre

with regard to the question of the international community pressing the dprk, i think we have done a fairly good job of trying to pri the international community together and press the north koreans and i think the north koreans are feeling the pressure. in terms of looking at human rights. when the commission of inquiry issued its report, the north koreans came back very aggressively. they had a couple of people in new york who made appearances before the council on foreign relations for the first time. they tried to defend the north koreans in light of what the results of the commission of inquiry were on the human rights issue. the north korean foreign minister for the first time in 14 years made an appearance in new york and spoke at the general assembly session in an effort to defend the north koreans. that continued during 2015 and the north koreans fought back. they attempted on the resolutions that were being adopted in the general assembly and human rights council to call for votes. they had allies -- the countries you would expect, who voted against the resolution. the numb

both leaders confirmed the shared establishmentst confirmed the relationship between japan and the dprk. to the settlement of the them,unate issues between they will be consistent with the fundamental interest and will greatly contribute to the pace and stability of the region -- peace and stability of the region. they would cooperate with each peacein order to maintain in the stability. they would comply with all related international agreements and both sides also confirm the necessity deserving security programs including nuclear issues by promoting a dialogue among the countries concerned. according to the john yang decoration which inclusive basic ideas for achieving the peace northability issues, korea will bear understanding on their issues such as they adoption and missile issues. japan will provide economic cooperation with north korea after that normalization of diplomatic relations. however, a huge gap between the ideas described in the pyongyang agreement and the disparities of the circumstances. the average north korean makes no attempt to take an honest approach to the com

in power for five years now since the death of his father, but has not made a trip outside of the dprkding down the sanctions to get his friends closer? >> well, he does not have to many friends either. russia seems to be the country that warms up to north korea with a number of commercial deals. china is the wild card. china controls a lot of the north korean economy. they give them food, energy assistance, they give them all kinds of humanitarian relief, but he has snobbed his nose several times, and i don't think that china wants to put pressure on them because they don't want to flood them going into china and they don't want to help the united states. this is china with with some kind of measure of control over north korea. they want things a bit unstable. it serves everyone's interest not to do much. again, i think what they're going to do in the days ahead is probably continue their policy of being isolated but being defiant. >> let me ask you about the role in domestic politics. that was a few weeks ago when the gop presidential nominee donald trump said that he will allow sout