dr. collins learned we all have small amounts of progerin and progerin has an on switch. >> we've learnedhat the signal is that turns that on in you and me. we didn't know that before. >> reporter: that signal begins on the very tip ends of our chromosomes called telomeres. as our cells divides overtime the telomeres get shorter. that process tells the body to produce progerin. progerin in turn causes our cells to age. zach and 44 other progeria patients are in a clinical trial to see if an anti-cancer drug that blocks progerin can reverse their symptoms. if this drug can help impede the aging process in these children, what does that say for the rest of us? >> well, people will wonder if it works in dramatic accelerated aging, would it also work in the normal process? >> reporter: dr. collins believes anti-aging therapies will be possible one day, but not with the drugs that zach is taking in a trial sponsored by the progeria research foundation. the discovery is changing the way many scientists view the very biology of how we get old. and thanks to the study of progeria children, the el

dr. collins, head of nih. funding nih, and the republicans in real dollar terms have let it slip.art of this is adequate funding for nih and getting new drugs, but we need -- those are patented drugs. we have to make sure that generics are more and more used. but in addition to that -- and that is a lot of money -- if we did the same thing as va did and medicaid did, through medicare, we would save many, many tens of billions. but we would have to get ahold of the fee-for-service system. we are paying not by results, but by volume. by volume. and so if you go in and you see five doctors in the hospital, you could see five of the same specialty, and you will get a bill from five of them. so i am not blaming the physicians, but more more, as i talk to them, i think they realize that we need to move away from fee for service. and the only way to do that, the main way to do that is through reforms through medicare, where we begin to control the hospitial costs, and i remember the first couple of years, what a hullabaloo that caused, but it helped. >> but should there be a more concret

dr. collin cull for the middle east. dr. cull is on a three-year public service leave from georgetown university where he's professor in the edmond a. school. he was a senior fellow at the center for a new american security and served as coordinator for the obama campaign expert group. in 2005-2006, he was a council on foreign relations fellow working on counterinsurgency and stability operations. he received his b. ph.d. from columbus university and his b.a. from the university of michigan. we welcome both of you here. and last but not least is christopher d. crawley who serves at the assistant administrator for the middle east from 2007-2010. prior to this assignment, he was usaid administrator in iraq. mr. crowley joined usaid in 1971 razz an area development vizner vietnam. he has since served as director of the regional mission for central asia, director of the office in india and deputy mission director in egypt. in 1994, mr. crowley was the first mission director in gaza. she holds a bachelor of science from the ohio

dr. paul collins, you've been running a family practice in manchester for how long?>> not surprise your question is related to health care. >> yes, sir. as a member of the baby boomer generation, i've been contributing to medicare through payroll taxes for over 30 years. how do you propose to keep medicare financially solvent for the next 50 years and beyond? >> let's start with dr. paul on this one? >> under these conditions it's not solvent and it won't be solvent. if you're an average couple and you paid your entire amount into medicare, you would have put $140,000 into it. and in your lifetime you will take out more than three times that much. so a little bit of arithmetics you it doesn't work. it has to change and we have to have more competition in medicine and i think if we don't want to cut any of the medical benefits for children or the elderly, because we have drawn so many and become so dependent on the government, if you want to work a transition you have to cut a lot of money and that's why i argue the case that this money ought to be cut out of foreign

collins. my -- my robert de niro. my leonardo dicaprio. dr. house. my cat woman. my oprah. judge judy. cruise. katie holmes. transformers. green hornet. she's my kung fu panda. she's my -- >> come on here. >> she's my thor. my ironman. my slum dog millionaire. my prince caspian. my harry potter. my other than the chipmoneyings. >> she was just a governor of alaska, dude. >> thank you for exposing those pictures of weiner's summer sausage. that was hilarious. see you. [ laughter ] sarah! sarah! sarah! come on, you got to take your shirt off or something. sarah! sarah. forget the presidency. she's going to win the oscar. best actress in america. oscar! oscar! oscar! you got it, sarah. you got this e. oscar! signgny milk duds. she said yes! thank you. you're awesome. you are ridiculously awesome. >> thank you so much. >> shehe signed my bilk duds. >> well, the governor arrived 15 minutes ago. she's inside. about 324 people -- you can see, a lot of -- >> she signed my milk duds. >> you can see -- >> as far as we know, we won't get to talk to her, but we're going to try. >> always a crowd w

dr. rogers, thank you. >> thank you very much. tester chairman, senator collins, members of the committee, as the director of the national institute of diabetes digestive and kidney diseases or niddk i think you for testifying ought to be to this hearing on diabetes and on behalf of niddk and the other institutes on behalf of an ideal for the national institutes of health, i am pleased to report that we are vigorously pursuing research to prevent, treat and ultimately cure type 1 diabetes and its complications. through collaborative and coordinated research efforts with our partners, including the juvenile diabetes research foundation, with the support of the special statutory funding program for type i diabetes making critical studies and critical steps towards these goals that i outlined. before i highlight some of that exciting advances, i would like to acknowledge the important contribution of my fellow witnesses. here in spirit near you continue to motivate us with your unwavering devotion to improve the lives of others with type 1 diabetes. kevin kline, you

dr. rogers, thank you. >> thank you very much. tester chairman, senator collins, members of the committee, as the director of the national institute of diabetes digestive and kidney diseases or niddk i think you for testifying ought to be to this hearing on diabetes and on behalf of niddk and the other institutes on behalf of an ideal for the national institutes of health, i am pleased to report that we are vigorously pursuing research to prevent, treat and ultimately cure type 1 diabetes and its complications. through collaborative and coordinated research efforts with our partners, including the juvenile diabetes research foundation, with the support of the special statutory funding program for type i diabetes making critical studies and critical steps towards these goals that i outlined. before i highlight some of that exciting advances, i would like to acknowledge the important contribution of my fellow witnesses. here in spirit near you continue to motivate us with your unwavering devotion to improve the lives of others with type 1 diabetes. kevin kline, you

dr. rogers, thank you. >> thank you very much. tester chairman, senator collins, members of the committee, as the director of the national institute of diabetes digestive and kidney diseases or niddk i think you for testifying ought to be to this hearing on diabetes and on behalf of niddk and the other institutes on behalf of an ideal for the national institutes of health, i am pleased to report that we are vigorously pursuing research to prevent, treat and ultimately cure type 1 diabetes and its complications. through collaborative and coordinated research efforts with our partners, including the juvenile diabetes research foundation, with the support of the special statutory funding program for type i diabetes making critical studies and critical steps towards these goals that i outlined. before i highlight some of that exciting advances, i would like to acknowledge the important contribution of my fellow witnesses. here in spirit near you continue to motivate us with your unwavering devotion to improve the lives of others with type 1 diabetes. kevin kline, you

dr. zimliki, as you are aware i know, i share the frustration that both senator collins and senator graham have expressed about the pace at which the fda has moved on getting the guidance out on the artificial pancreas. i am pleased to hear you say that you expect that to happen by december but i wonder if you could then outlined what the next steps are once that happens on the way to getting approval for the artificial pancreas? >> can you clarify which artificial pancreas type system you are asking about? >> i would think -- i know there are a number of those systems in development and i am interested in seeing something that can be commercially available on the market that will be approved by the fda and be safe and available to my family on all the families who were here. i don't particularly care who the producer of that system is. >> i was just asking for clarification on the thai. the artificial pancreas have lots of different types. we talk about the deo system which the agency believes is a type of artificial pancreas and that one by far should be on the market sooner than later a