dr. heidi hartman, president of the washington's institute of women's research founded in 1987.'s research professor at the george washington university, and thank you for being with us today. >> good morning, mr. chairman. it's a pleasure to be here -- >> talk close closer to the mike please. >> i have to turn it on. thank you. it's a pleasure to be here, and i thank you for the opportunity to testify. in addition, as you said to being president for the policy research, i'm a labor economist with a ph.d. from yale university. i wanted to share recent research and acknowledge the support of the ford foundation, the rockefeller foundation, and the andy casey foundation in supporting our work. briefly, our studies show seniors were hit hard by the recession. their income from assets and pensions fell, and they are making up for that by working more. fortunately, social security is there for them making up a larger share of their income. at the same time that other sources declined. among all the age groups, only the elderly did not see an increase in poverty during the recession,