dr. humphries. when you are comparing civilian reverses law enforcement, and the different codes of encryption, what is the cost differential? law enforcement wants more encryption. is the cost prohibitive? would there be a better track to take to differentiate it, so there is more the encryption are safety than spoofing? spoofing? >> perhaps if there's recmendations the uav usi has recommended, they would like to use saddam receivers, gps receivers for military uses into the civilian uavs that they can protected from hacking attacks. the trouble i see what that is twofold. one coming as the price goes up because there's only a couple companies that can build these receivers and so the price would much more than doubled. and that is gng to hurt this nation industry, which is sensitive to price, especially for smaller devices. and second, i do feel of the logistics working out. these are hot ite. you would not want than proliferating among civilis and end upin the wrong hands. and you wouldn't necess

dr. humphries. when you are comparing civilian reverses law enforcement, and the different codes of encryption, what is the cost differential? law enforcement wants more encryption. is the cost prohibitive? would there be a better track to take to differentiate it, so there is more the encryption are safety than spoofing? >> you are voicing some of the recommendations of a group that wants us to use gps receivers that have formerly been dedicated just for military uses into the civilian uavs. >> these planes are large. they have good initial sensors. they have two pilots. there are reductions in play. they depend heavily on gps. they deal fairly well with an outage of gps. un not necessarily want to distribute the keys on a short- term basis. that is cumbersome for the owners. you don't want it on a long-term basis because they could be used unauthorized. i do not see that as a solution. >> we have dealt quite a bit with airport security as well. any person has been told to turn your cellcell phon--

dr. humphreys, congratulations to you. he directs the radio navigation laboratory at ut austin camara's current research focuses on defending against intentional gps spoofing and jamming. most recently, that are humphries uncovered the gps signal to navigate unmanned aerial systems can be hijacked and controlled. he conducted experiments that way since missile range but the department of homeland security and dr. humphreys and also i believe the memorial stadium and often. i believe we will see a video that describes that. he obtained his doctorate from cornell university. the chair now recognizes that are humphreys for his opening statement. >> chairman mccaul, members of the subcommittee, you may have heard these reports made by chairman mccaul that about this time last month masterman tonight from the university of texas hijacked a civilian unmanned aerial vehicle, a small helicopter and brought it down from a remote location. that much is true and i've come today prepared to talk about what we did with the implications are for the national airspace and what can be done to address the problems that our experiment brought. so how did we hijack the small helicopter? we exploited a weakness in the glob

dr. humphreys, congratulations to you. he directs the radio navigation laboratory at ut austin camara's current research focuses on defending against intentional gps spoofing and jamming. most recently, that are humphries uncovered the gps signal to navigate unmanned aerial systems can be hijacked and controlled. he conducted experiments that way since missile range but the department of homeland security and dr. humphreys and also i believe the memorial stadium and often. i believe we will see a video that describes that. he obtained his doctorate from cornell university. the chair now recognizes that are humphreys for his opening statement. >> chairman mccaul, members of the subcommittee, you may have heard these reports made by chairman mccaul that about this time last month masterman tonight from the university of texas hijacked a civilian unmanned aerial vehicle, a small helicopter and brought it down from a remote location. that much is true and i've come today prepared to talk about what we did with the implications are for the national airspace and what can be done to address the problems that our experiment brought. so how did we hijack the small helicopter? we exploited a weakness in the glob