dr. john langellier bring new vitality to a strange subject, emphasizing the role of the buffalo soldiers in opening the west. we are so fortunate to have him here from our neighbor to the southwest arizona. ,dr. langellier earned his ba in history and historical archaeology, his ma in history with a concentration on the american west and spanish borderlands, as well as a emphasis on film history from second the university of san diego. he later went on to earn his phd in military history from kansas state university. career in public history he retired to tucson in , 2015. he is the author of dozens of books, including "fighting for uncle sam, blacks in the frontier army," which is for sale in the gift shop following the lecture. we are excited to welcome dr. john langellier. join me in a round of applause as we welcome him to the podium. [applause] john langellier: i feel like a telemarketer. [laughter] john langellier: i will send you every month a book that i have written that no one wants if you sign up now. [laughter] john langellier: hi, i am nancy. at any rate, thank you for allow