dr. king's body. kennedy, the day of the funeral was one of the few -- one of the few white politicians that walked all the way through the streets of atlanta. from that church to the morehouse college campus with hundreds and thousands of people. without any one -- just saying a word. just, just silence. a few months later you were with him in los angeles. >> with cesar chavez, who was working the hispanic precincts. >> i remember so well. >> labor organizer. >> we team up from time to time. went into some of the wealthy, white, neighborhood. in los angeles. trying to convince people to vote for bobby. rather than, than for humphrey or mccarthy. and some how he knew that he was going to carry the state of california. and he did. >> you were with him right before he went out to make his victory speech that night. what did he say to you? >> well, he sort of joke with me. he said, john, you let me done to day. more mexican-americans turned out to vote than negros. he said i am going down to speak. you w

with dr king leading the montgomery bus boycott and the brown versus board of education decision and the vietnam war protest movement started earlier in the sixty's as as. scholars and others question the rationale for the war and the kind of cold war fundamentalism that got us into it. but the hippie ideas spoke to a mass of millions of people who were never going to read a marxist tract or necessarily even sit in a lunch counter and it was it was a parallel movement that was broader it was not activist inherently but it stimulated activism and i think the balance between activism and spirituality was the hippie idea it didn't last long the word hippie again during the meeting but i draw inspiration from it particularly now because it seems like as important as protests on the street are and the need for people to go to town meetings with congress people and complain about the idea of their health care being taken away and to to defend the right of. immigrants and women and others who are feeling very vulnerable right now. that if it's all anger it's not going to be successful there

dr. king's generation.there aren't those fighting for social justice but i'm specifically asking about the role that the faith community plays now versus the role it played 50 years ago. when we think about the faith community, we're talking about christian consecutives and donald trump politics and this, that and the other but on this social justice front, where is the faith community, how do you sit wait them? >> that's a really important conversation and one we're continuingly engaged in. we've got thankfully we've got some members of the faith community that work with us as part of our board of direct tors, advisory, i'm here in l.a. and had the opportunity to worship at the holman united methodist church. >> the world renowned. >> my goodness. >> he's there for years. >> yes, yes, yes, reverend kelvin is really holding it down and doing tremendous work in the community and very supportive of the work ifco is doing. we're trying to identify progressive pcongregations to find ways to keep this work going

dr. king martin luther king, jr. had come to portland in the early '60s. there was a huge, huge gathering for him at vancouver avenue baptist church. was not present for that but my grandmother on my mother's side, alberta louise randolph. i carry her middle name. grandma randolph was present and in fact she got -- she came away with dr. king's book, "stride toward freedom" signed by him, and i now have that book in my collection. but that was a huge moment and event in the portland black community that connected portland's black community to the movement. >> what stands out to me for avel's early activism is when she had the first job in the oregon division of corrections, and after sort of leaving home, leaving community, leaving campus, now out in the state apparatus, the state structure, and having to use your voice, both on behalf of parolees and people in the system and on her own behalf, because of the treatment that you were given in that job, i don't know if that's the spark spark but to me that's a crucial moment of transition because a lot of wh

dr. martin luther king was slained. dr. king gave his last speech in memphis the night before, the mason temple. the "i have been to the mountain top" speech. and it was in memphis where he started his last march about a week earlier marching from historic clay burn temple with garbage can federation workers not recognized as a union and not recognized as men. i am a man. and dr. king came to memphis as part of his fight for justice and freedom. the clay burn temple has risen from the ashes -- clayburn temple has risen from the ashes as a place for events, worship, concerts and protest. and the civil rights museum has risen at the lorraine motel where dr. king was slain, the national civil rights museum which is outstanding and next year we'll commemorate the 50th anniversary of the assassination. our own john lewis will be there. h.r. 1927 would help to memorialize these events and these places across the united states and others, from north carolina where the sit-in started, nashville, the voting rights march in selma, the

dr. king's endorsement for what, you haven't done nothing. >> a little bit of hubris really.to it. hadn't done much. he had spent a lot of time making friend with southern racists, southern governors. and trying to build a wider base for his run for the presidency. by attracting everybody he could especially the southern, southern voters in the south. including, including the -- >> yeah. >> is it your, your read, given the research, that part of reason there was this conflict to begin with is because while king is a, while kennedy, rather, is a political force to be reckoned with, martin brings a moral force to the table. and oftentimes, the moral and the political don't mesh so well together. >> right. right. that's really the core of the book i think. the book tries to look at evolution of john kennedy from, from being a, a president who really wasn't on civil rights. after 2 and a half years on the term. he gradually became, arguably say the first civil rights president because of his speech in june 1963 where he first talked about, the first president to talk about, civil

why is all of that gone and why is the sacred view of where dr. kingers built the movement that produced you, what happened to that chicago? >> well, in part you have a case where the banks are using subprime lending schemes to dee capitate this community. 80,000 vacant homes and abandoned lots. if there were a plan to remove lead paint from the walls, which is the law and lead from the water which is a health issue, to clean up the vacant lots, jobs. to demolish those homes that cannot be rebuilt, jobs. to fix up those that can be fixed up, jobs. there may be more jobs than people. there is no plan to reinvest. even there is a transportation problem. there are three shoes, north side, unemployment less than 2%, suburb job wanted signs and on the south and west sides unemployment 20, 25%. we deserve a plan. unless you break the cycle of guns and jobs and drugs out nothing is going to happen. you talk about grassroots. we asked last year for a white house conference on violence, causes and cures, look at the disparities in healthcare, education and jobs

people brought dr. king here. the week before that, my mother and father had mortgaged their home in order to allow the student nonviolent committee to rent out global health for a rally to encourage people to continue the effort to integrate schools. but particularly to continue their work with voter registration and other kinds of efforts in the south. so as much as there was grievances, legitimate understood.t, there were people like my mother, my father, john coleman, john conyers, people in leadership positions. john was a first-term congressman with as much power to change things and washington, d.c., as you and i sitting her right now but nevertheless they were very, very hopeful that inside thed occur institutions like the uaw. carter, senior, john's father, i think in the late 1950's, early 1960's, he came the first black representative in the uaw's history. so groundbreaking firsts were occurring. there was a lot of optimism that we would overcome. and that we would begin to address the institutional rac

because of my own previous book on dr. king. black liberation theology is a radical doctrine.ne of my oldest closest academic friends, a theologian, jim is the leading progenitor of black liberation theology, and what jeremiah's church came to represent was the living embodiment of what black theologians like jim cohen and cornell west have championed. reverend wright's preaching, barack was not there that day. barack and michelle were not there for another of reverend sermons.notorious i do not think the reverend's preaching is in any way reflective of barack obama's beliefs. trinity church was great if you were an aspiring young african-american politician in chicago. but, as many good things can be but, as many good things can be said about reverend wright, i would say that no one should be judged by history for the three stupidest things they have ever said. there is a much worse clip from the national press club some years later -- brian: is that the one where he damned america? david: yes. i mean it's -- but, the immense amount of good the reverend jeremiah wright has do

we were looking at a peace and he turned it over it was of a letter from the birmingham jail to dr. king and i. a assured the kids on our passover services re-read a different section of the letter because it think it is one of the most magnificent pieces of literature and into the language. the surrounded in the influence so on the opening and i wish i could be with you all the person for the opening of the american writers museum in chicago writing is hard i have tried my share it to be a solitary or lonely pursuit coming with no small measure of self doubt a also a wonderful democratic that allows anybody for their station in life to share their ideas with the world america is blessed to have a rich cultural heritage to the poets and songwriters who dove headlong into open to new experiences and we imagine the world as it could be whether capturing moral dilemmas works of american fiction help shape the understanding of ourselves each other and taught us indispensable lessons of tolerance and respect this is over window to a right -- wider world those that have proven to be instrument

dr. king's i have a dream day.hn lewis, let me show you what he said about the president, which he's about a generation ahead of me and charlene probably a generation or more behind you and i, but it shows we are all saying the same thing. listen to john lewis here. >> we have come a distance. we made progress, but there are forces in america trying to slow us down or take us back. i think the person we have in washington today is uncaring, knows very, very little about the struggle and the history of the civil rights movement. >> when you hear john lewis and earlier this week when i was in chicago we went and visited with reverend jesse jackson and andrew young, when you hear these people saying this about donald trump, different than you and i and charlene, different generation and sometimes different approaches, but everyone saying the same thing, doesn't that heighten your concern that he is talking about bringing in the feds without talking to anyone and dealing with the issues that charlene has laid out here

when dr. king -- the montgomery bus boycott was not a huge national movement. it was few miami who were so outraged by what happened they came together, and they stayed off those buses for more than a year. >> even deeper than that. when dr. king start with the civil rights movement, four percent of black churches with him, only four percent of black churches. so it grew. sometime you have to start small. >> the national baptist convention kicked him out. so they started a new one. but if you start a movement, and you can start one yourself. you and five of your friends or three of them or whatever, and you can go to whatever organization you belong to, which says it's in the business of doing policy, and on any of these issues that you care about, and coordinate a strategy with them, and go and send out messages of the internet, the wail we do in social media and you can sit down with your friend every day, which is what we did, many of them and strategize on what can we do today to draw attention

dr. king's father was a more prominent political player then dr. martin luther king jr. at the time, and he immediately was ready to go public, he was ready to vote for nixon and announce or kennedy. kennedy mentioned casually to salinger, did i mention that i called mrs. king just now? and they said, you did what? bobby kennedy is furious. he says, my god, we have lost the election. he calls the civil rights office and yells at them. he says, you are not going to do anything further in this campaign. you may have lost it for us with this one call. jack kennedy did not have a problem with it, they did. day, someonethin a close to bobby kennedy, he has wonderful oral histories about ours he was a colleague of and we interviewed him before his death, he got a call from bobby kennedy the next day and bobby kennedy is checking in and he says, bobby, i need to tell you we have a crazy wire report from tortoises you -- from georgia that says you have talked to this crazy judge. don't worry, we already put out a retraction. bobby kennedy says, you better withdraw that attractio

dr. king did all of that.ack people follow you in when you kicked open the door? >> we went, me and don of the dallas cowboys which i did the anthem for in the first super bowl. we went to toronto, ontario to do a pilot way before "hee-haw" so we get there and dom meredith, lee, husky, hex and charley pride and i'm standing there, tavis, here's the deal i'm sitting with joe texas drummer and he said did you listen to any other music growing up i said oh, yeah naming people like jackie wilson. we were on the same label with sam cookie got ready to say jim, he says, wait a minute, you for real, ain't you? i said what? hee he interjected, he said you for real. i said what do you mean. he said you sound the way you do, making that money, i didn't know you talked like them too. that's what he said. i never had nobody say that to me. so i marked that down. the one that didn't have a chance to say that to me, they're out there. i can tell. now there's a lot out there think i'm an uncle tom and i depise uncle time bec

what happens is now you take a stand and then you get beat up on twitter and you know my god i said dr king got shot in the face over this stuff you're scared of the mean tweet you can stand up to a mean tweet what you believe in come on now that's what we rise we we the people eat pluribus unum all this stuff sounds corny now because they've made cynicism bastion of all but cynicism never want to fight never made a country never solve the problem so we're going back to the basics good old fashioned american can do it it's going to be awesome is it all your idea it i was like is it all my idea i work with a bunch of great people but you can see i'm passionate about it because you know when you're when you watch good people it's like when your parents are divorcing you've got two good people fighting talk of past each other both of them just as wrong as other one can't see it and you die and saying we don't have a family or not we don't have a country and that's where i think i am and i'm saying we've got to be able to find the good in each other if i disagree with you on nine thing about th

>> abide by the laws but when you feel like a higher law is being a principal -- dr. king you feel the law is unjust, for me -- the law enforcement people all over the state gather to argue against this. i do not believe the purpose of this law in texas was to make americans safer. if that's true, i don't think sheriffs in the police from all of the state would have, and argued against it. >> tucker: i don't know, please don't get to make the laws in this country. lawmakers do. i don't think you will want to live in a country where police make the laws, do you? >> if it's -- >> tucker: of course, we are out of time. an interesting conversation, pastor. >> i agree this needs to be something -- you need to be willing to pay the consequences and that may be six months in jail. i understand where you're coming from. i just couldn't do it. >> tucker: look, if you are willing to pay the consequences and look at right in the face, i'm not going to attack you. i appreciate it. the fourth of july celebrates national unity but an obsession with race and white privilege and all the s

discipline but the real joy, the joy of doing a book like this, the joy of doing my big book on dr. kingthe joy is in the strength you draw from the meeting the people. i am so close with some of the surviving people although many have passed on. the great joy of doing this book is not in the writing, not in doing broadcast interviews in all frankness, the joy is meeting people like rob fisher who we talked about an hour earlier hour, barack's closest rent from 1988 until the from0's -- closest friend 1988 until the mid 90's. my very first interview for this me i should go see the woman who was the attorney who incorporated their community group, a 501(c)(3) paperwork. tax attorneys say their files. their files. on day three in chicago, she pulls of these documents typed up by barack himself which included the list of everyone who was active in his community group. boom, day to our day three of my first trip to chicago i have 45-50 names, ministers, church lady, only three or four who had discovered by journalists. i sent out trying to locate the people. it is easier to find harvard law

. >> dr. king with lbj when it dime the voting rights act. when you saw, activism is a necessity when you think about this democracy, we saw young people take to the streets. the new activism, the new civil rights for this day when it came to issues of the engines when we sauer our black boys and black girls killed on the streets in cities like baltimore, like ferguson, north charleston. baton rouge. so many different places. what is happening now? because we're not seeing the activism we saw just a few -- it's only been 100 plus days. we're not seeing that today. what's going on? >> of course there are few elements to this. think first is, let's not get twisted. it's not that the police have stopped killing people. not as if these were problem that were solved and we're not seeing it. we are -- my colleagues and i at the "washington post" keep a database in real time of people who are killed by police because the government fails to track that dat accurately. i believe, if i remember crequely, earlier today we recorded our 399th person shot

. >> actually dr. kingblems with the black panthers. >> do you know who back panthers had a problem with? >> i think television has a history of helping us figure out how to deal with difficult discussions or changes in our time. >> can we just close up shop a little bit. your knees? male privilege is leaking all over the place. >> fearlessness of comedians bringing up subject matter we're afraid to talk about is wonderful conduit to starting a conversation. >> get yourself up and -- >> i don't want to freak you out but i think i may be the voice of my generation. or at least a voice. of a generation. >> there's a number of amazingly great unique voiced shows on tv right now. standing apart from the wave of stuff that's being thrown at us all the time. >> the guy said this was their best selling thing, by far. i'm just trying to improve our sex lives. >> here's an idea, how about you stop rubbing your eye every time you shove your junk in me. >>hat? >> yeah. u're alws like -- it's distracting. >> now we're

dr. king's passing is a gains in income among affluent blacks. when adjusted for inflation for $2014. the percentage of black americans making at least than doubled from 2014 to 21%. those making $100,000 or more nearly quadruple to 13 years. a lessmericans saw impressive increase from 11 to 26%. ver -- reveals inequality to income segregation. this next figure presents income race andation by metropolitan areas with populations of more than 500,000. ae source for this figure is 2014 study by the sociologist kendra bishop published by the foundation.e this figure reveals that income segregation has grown rapidly in the last decade and particularly among black and hispanic families. what is notable is that whereas americans in 1970, that's there, it is right? little color a blindness. whereas black americans in 1970, in 1970 recorded segregationcome follow the purple line. highest register the income segregation. talkingote that we are here about residential familieson among black of different income levels. not segregation between black white families. another way of talking about lin

dr. king's passing incomemarkable gain in among more affluent lacks -- bla cks. when adjusted for inflation to 2014 dollars, the percentage of black americans making at least $75,000 more than doubled from to 21%.2014, more making $100,000 or nearly quadrupled to 13%. americans sawhite a less impressive increase. on the other hand, the percentage of black americans $15,000 onlybelow between 1970 and 2014. research reveals that income inequality is related to income segregation. ons next figure presents inome segregation by race metropolitan areas with populations of more than 500,000. and the source for this figure is a 2014 study by the publishedt bischof, by the russell sage foundation. that incomereveals segregation has grown rapidly in the last decade and particularly among blacks and hispanics families. and what is notable is that 1970as black americans in -- that is the purple line there -- it is probable, right -- i suffer from a little bit of color blindness -- whereas black americans in 1970, black families in 1970 recorded the least income segregation -

i have said before that i believe what dr. kingcause we put our hand on that arc and we move it in the direction of justice. and freedom. and equality. and generosity, it does not happen on its own. are constantly having to make a choice because progress is fragile and it is precisely that fragility, that impermanence that is a precondition of the quality of character that we celebrate tonight. if the vitality of our democracy, if the -- if freedom were assured none of us would have to be courageous, not of us would have to risk anything to protect it. but it is in its very kerry is precariouisness it becomes necessary. john f. kennedy knew that our best hope in our most policy -- powerful answer to our doubts and fears lies inside each of us , and our willingness to joyfully embrace our responsibility as citizens, to stay true to our allegiance, to our highest and best ideals. to maintain our regard and concern for the poor and the aged, and the marginalized. to put our personal or party interests aside when duty to our country ca

before that i believe with dr. kingrse is long but it bends toward justice. i also have said it does not been on its own. it ends because we bend it. because we put our hand on that arc and we move it in the direction of justice. and freedom. and equality. and, kindness and generosity. it does not happen on its own. and so, we are constantly having to make a choice. because progresses fragile. that impermanence that is a precondition of the quality of character that we celebrate tonight. ourhe vitality of democracy, if the game of our long journey to freedom were assured then none of us would ever have to be courageous. none of us would've have to risk anything to protect it. but it is in, and it's very courageusness that becomes possible and absolutely necessary. john f. kennedy our mosthope and powerful inter-to our doubts and fears lies inside each of us. --our willingness to joyful joyful him brace our responsibility as citizens. to stay true to our allegiance to our highest and best ideals. to maintain our regardin

and yet people still complain that it's bad now, worse than it's ever been as if all the work that dr. kingines, not the headlines -- that's the job of the media, of course, to report the bad news, but it's good to take those long-term trends over the course of centuries and look at the abolition of slavery, abolition of judicial torture, the granting of the franchise to all adults, and america didn't get the vote to women until 1920. so, i mean, look how far we have come. [laughter] john: and i was struck when you talk about gay rights how far we've come. jonathan rausch writes: when i was young, gay americans were forbidden to work for government, forbidden to serve in the military, arrested for making love even in their own homes, beaten and killed in the streets, arrested by police for sport, fired from jobs, joked about, demeaned, bullied as a matter of course, condemned as sick by scientists, condemned by their own parents. >> indeed. john: almost entirely changed in 20, 30 years. >> it's the fastest, it's the fastest unraveling of a, you know, suppression of minorities ever. and just

dr. martin luther king jr. dr. alveda king. great to see you this morning.n pushback on this whole george wallace comparison. but what to play this and get your take on it. >> what about the president and his actions suggest to you that he is in the tradition of a famed, notorious segregation? >> i think for the record, the voter registration records. that's a form of harassment. >> dr. king, your thought. >> well, first i would like to say my president is leading the charge for civil rights today for the little unborn persons in the world who have a right to live. i'm director of civil rights for the unborn and i say that everybody civil rights count around the world to the tune coming young, old, sick, elderly, babies and a woman everything. the president is certainly fighting for civil rights. with african-american leaders and everyone there is supporting. i believe president trump might agree that we are defending america. you're supporting him. as the african american museum for example, he was knowledgeable of much of the history when we stopped and lo

dr. king said, you know, what good is a seat at the counter if you can't afford to buy a hamburger. we're about, making sure that people have that seat at the counter but that people have opportunity to realize their highest and best dreams. in the democratic party we're organizing everywhere. we have a 57 state and territory and district of columbia strategy because we have to talk to everyone and not just in the run up to the election. we have to make sure we elect democrats from the school board to the senate. that's why we're working on local races. >> you had a very good week, the president had a bad week, the healthcare vote, senator john mccain making a very symbolic vote against this whole obama skinny healthcare, obamacare skinny health bill. even though he and i have had our differences i did respect what he did. the whole thing with scaramucci and all of these almost daily things, the president starting a war with the lgbtq community around transgender. the temptation, though, is to do a victory lap prematurely and i've seen and heard you caution people, wait a minute, we

dr. martin luther king that i just love where dr. king says if we are to have peace on earth, which i also take to mean to build a sustainable civilization our loyalty must become, must transcend our differences and we must develop a world perspective i feel that one of the messages i try to get across in this book is that if we really look at ourselves on the sleep through the lens of science can give us and see where and who and what we are on this planet with the multigenerational and global perspective that planetary science naturally leads us to, then that knowledge does lead us towards developing a world perspective, so that is one of the things, which of you do read the book i hope you'll take away. why would an astrobiologists write about humans on earth? i will read you just a little bit from the intro of "earth in human hands." gazing over the complex fluctuations and transformations and earth multibillion.year history i'm struck by the unique strangers and as the present moment. suddenly find ourselves sort of running a pla

as dr. king said, the best civil rights is a good job.t good is a seat at the counter if you can't afford to buy a hamburger? economic opportunity for everyone is what we have been talking about. what we have to do a better job of as democrats is talk about that in every zip code. a big part of what we're doing with the democratic party is we're building a 12-month-a-year organizing presence in every zip code. we have to talk to folks in rural america, urban america, suburban america because the opioid epidemic is touching all of those communities and we need to tell them that we are the party that's trying to make sure that we retain access to healthcare. we're the party that's making sure that you have the skills to compete not only for today's jobs but for the dynamic economy and the jobs that will be coming tomorrow. that's what democrats have been fighting for, and i think that message resonates in every zip code across the country. everyone wants good public education. doesn't matter where you live. that's what we're fighting for. >

four days later, dr. king was shot to death in memphis.iot and hundred cities my hometown, washington, d.c. i got calls from are friends 14th street burning up. federal troops in the nation's capitol marines, on the steps of the capitol itself -- this is what was going on in that spring -- and then came oregon, nixon president nixon won 6 straight states noone contest against him and main fear was a guy in california named reagan as long as we have the gold water conservatives with us and nixon republicans no one from the left rockefeller romney i believe could beat us. so reagan didn't get in. except in oregon for about a month or so. he was this yet a film up there. he only got 32% and nixon got 60% so that hotel may 28th, and i waited, though, we went down and having dinner and we won big and early but interesting thing that night was the first time a kennedy had been beaten. and any political race since world war ii -- and bobby kennedy was coming up from california -- we went down to the front of the bench in the hotel to watch him co

and development over years and there's nothing difference and if you go further than that, beyond dr. king and malcolm as you move into the civil rights movement, human rights struggle, you will have differences in terms of tactics, more than anything, we've had a couple of fine scholars out there who have dealt with the differences there, you know, between our martin and malcolm.ma in my classroom what i try to do, peter, i try to find the commonalities, where is the common ground and the same way i try to do with booker t. washington and duboise.t that's what's happening in term of the kernel, the seed. they should be some kind of way that we can bring you together on those things and if martin and malcolm were on a trajectory, this is myra preposition that they were moving in such a way that their ideas were coming closer and closer together, particularly from a malcolm perspective, maybe less so with martin.m beg he began to tamp down on the big six, the leaders of the civil rights movement at the time and become less absorbed with that and keeping his eye on another e that when he spo

styled studied over the years and nothing different and if you good different than that, beyond dr. king and malcolm, move into the civil rights movement and the human rights struggle, we'll have differences in terms of a strategies and tactics if think more than anything we have had a couple of fine scholars out there who have dealt with the differences there between martin and malcolm. usually -- in my classroom what i try to do is try to find the commonalities. where there's common ground. in the same way i true do with booker t. washington and w. e. b. dubois, booker t says i don't agree, w.e.b. that's what is happening in terms on the kernel, the seed. some be some way to bring you together on those things, and i think if martin and malcolm were an trajectory -- this is my proposition -- they were moving in such a way n their ideas were coming closer and closer together. particularly from a malcolm perspective. maybe less so with martin. but malcolm began to say -- first of all, he began to tamp down his holy attack on the big six, the leaders of the civil rights movement at that ti

as dr. king said, you must learn to live together as brothers and sisters. can get it right, maybe it will serve as a model for the rest of humanity. [applause] michelle: nobody says it better than john lewis. we have to get in the way. i think all of you have come in here to get in the way and to live out your own calling to follow your moral compass. you have chosen to be the change you want to see in the world and i believe, really that choice will make all the difference. your voice in washington and your home district has resonated and has already saved and changed lives. it is hard to quantify the differences in the world between when we gathered here last year and today. it's a lot. and so i think we need new tools and new forms of inspiration and new forms of connection and partnership, and we need to pair that with the wisdom and experience of history with voices like john lewis. so today we've organized leaders and change agents to help us navigate this new world. we want to engage them in a conversation to help us focus on what it will take to hel

dr. kingen stung by his acquittal at the hands of a jury, the verdict that the writer scott king later described as a miracle every storage or faith in human good. as with all miracle makers, though, mr. mayne made tremendous sacrifice financially in pursuit of racial equality. it is an honor the sacrifices today that we gave an award in his name. following in mr. mayne's example of today's honorees, bonita group to. as many of you know, ms. cooper was head of the civil rights division at the department of justice the last three years of the obama administration. during her tenure at doj, perhaps the most aggressive program civil rights enforcement our country has ever seen. the daughter of indian immigrants graduated from new york university law school in 2001, immediately gravitated toward civil rights work and accepted a position at the naacp legal defense and education fund. there she was thrown directly into the fire and the investigated trebling operation where local police based on shod