this triggered a tax on dr. mann and the science behind his work, all documented in his book "the hockey stick and the climate wars." michael mann, you write that in mid 1990s, scientists were able to begin to connect the dots on climate change. could you elaborate? >> we understood the basic science of the greenhouse effect nearly two centuries ago. joseph fourier, the same guy who discovered the law of heat conduction, understood that there was this greenhouse effect. so we've known for some time that the greenhouse effect exists and that we're increasing it through fossil fuel burning. by the mid 1990s, we had reached a level of formal certainly about that that we had not before reached. we could actually attach a number to it. in the second assessment report of the ipcc published in 1995, the ipcc concluded that there was now a discernible human influence on the climate. now, there's an interesting story there. the language would have been stronger than just discernible, but the delegates of certain participating

we were just talking with dr michael mann about carbon and you know his idea that we need to at least put a price on carbon president hasn't gone that far but you know carthy has said a thirty percent reduction from two thousand and five levels we've already had a seventy percent reduction. since two thousand use we're after there by twenty thirty. however the fuel fossil fuel industry and their largely i think wholly owned republican party have come out and said this is part of obama's war on the war on coal if coal is killing our planet what's wrong with having a war you know what i also think is interesting it was just you know in two thousand and eight that nancy pelosi and newt gingrich got together for that big television ad spot where they were saying that climate change was this big threat to human civilization and both parties needed to take action against that news yet walk that yeah i don't really know it's really a question for republicans as to what's happened in their party that this has become such a third rail over the past eight years six years when it speaking of pos

even the faculty union that supported dr. mann at the university of virginia told me foya matters did not fall within their bailiwick. according to the ceo of the university none of my research or e-mail fall under the foya law. they violate terms of the federal arbitration case. there is nothing in my record which i am embarrassed. i tell you this story not because i seek certainlythy but because there are many other cases where the victims cannot speak out. the so-called war on science is nothing but a diversion. the real war is being waged in the halls of academia. and within our federal granting agencies. as with the soviet union, a healthy scientific discussion is being subverted for political and personal gain. scientists who tv deviate from the global warming playbook are harassed, have articles, grants and proposals rejected without review, treated more harshly than their peers and removed from positions of power and influence. young scientists quickly learn to tow the party line or at least remain silent, else they lose t

and and michael one of the i had a conversation earlier on the radio with dr michael mann and we weretalking about this weird winter we just had with it where and particularly the central and eastern united states all this polar air just slid down on top of us. and you know he was talking about how there's a still a debate in the scientific community about exactly what's going on but. one of the theory. is that that i put forward he said that that's absolute one of the ones being discussed is that there used to be a huge a really significant much larger temperature gradient a difference between the temperature of the arctic and the temperature of these mid-latitudes where we live or there or the the course of the temperate region it go and and because the arctic is warming so much faster particularly because of the i seem to affect it all that that but also because of just that's the nature of it is that temperature gradient is deteriorating the point where there's not a wall of of different pressure different temperature air holding the arctic air up there and so is a slide so so thi