dr. walton's house call.rs about programs like this, that they can't outlive the people the people that founded the place. that when the paul farmers move on, p.i.h. will be done. >> paul, part of his genius is that he has set up a system that doesn't depend on his presence or absence. haiti is run by haitian physicians. in rwanda, the rwandan hospitals should be run by rwandan physicians. and so, when the paul farmers of the world aren't around anymore, this place will still be here providing great care. >> you know that or just hope that? >> i know it. i know it. >> but there's no question, paul farmer has been a driving force. take aids, for example. in the late 1990s, the disease was ravaging the people of haiti. conventional medical wisdom was, there's no point in giving aids drugs to the poor in third-world countries. but dr. farmer wouldn't give up on his patients. he raised money and gave them drugs anyway. and look what happened. this is joseph. and this is joseph just six months after starting treat

dr. walton, i remember reporting on this in the '90s and people taking dozens of pills. what treatments are available now? >> there are a large variety of drugs that are being used, front line drugs, sen like drugs, as dr. chang has said, increasingly available but not to everyone. the medication regimens can be complicated to take, there are side effects to them and i think there needs to be increased emphasizemphasis on the preventd amodelsmodalities as well. >> 38% decline from ten years ago. the vast majority of those new infections are in subsharon subn africa. dr. chang, what areas are the world are in need at this time? >> you mentioned subsaharan africa. that's a population that dr. woman had alluded to that we needed to really focus. beyond subsaharan africa, we are seeing the debt rates rise in eastern europe and parts of the middle east. there are various factors that contribute to that. certainly a number of countries are not really adopting the latest medical intervention. we need to screen people but also in countries like russia who you have many people wh