so getting in to east germany and east berlin was not a problem. some of the first guys that came looked like any other soldier until you start looking at their name tags and there's quite a few east german -- not east german, but eastern european names. we trained unconventional warfare type tactics in west germany. obviously, berlin was a city the size of approximately new york, surrounded by a fence. not easy to run military exercises in the city, so we would go out to the west. this, of course, is practicing a truck ambush in west germany. you will notice that these guys don't seem to be wearing uniforms. that's because they're not. that weapon right there, for example, is a world war ii german machine gun. airborne operations, just like the guys, the unit did airborne operations. not because they thought that they might have to use them, but to keep up their qualifications was easier than having to retrain them later and you could never tell when a mission would come up someplace else that would require it. you see some of the names down here.

so getting in to east berlin and east germany was not a problem. sp of the first guys that came looked like any other soldier. you look at their name tagz and there's quite a few eastern european names. we trained unconventional type warfare tactics in east germany. obviously berlin was the city the size of approximately new york surrounded by a fence. not easy to run military exercises in the city. so we would go out to the west. this of course is practicing a truck ambush in germany. you'll notice these guys don't seem to be wearing uniforms, that's because they're not. that weapon right there is a world war ii german submachine gun. airborne operations just like the guys, the unit did airborne operations. not because they thought they might actually have to use them but to keep up their qualifications was easier than having to retrain them later and you can never tell with a mission might come up somewhere else that would require it. lieutenant colonel roman peernic was a polish immigrant of the united states, served with general gavin in world

its role in the middle east peace process. that this the united states has lost its capability to be a mediator and won't have a role in the political process. he will not accept any more for it to have a role in the matter but as biased in favor of israel. this is our stand and we ask you to support us. to take the matter to the un security council to try and block the decision. meanwhile angry palestinians demonstrated in bethlehem in the occupied west bank it's the seventh day of mileage protests there with no end in sight. straight to. join up with a correspondent to dorian jones welcome dorian let's start with some antics our president said he wants jerusalem. palestine's capital but the summit declaration talks about east jerusalem is that significant. well it's difficult to say but this is no slip of the tongue for out so they are meeting the one referring to truthfulness a couple of the policy. i did not use east jerusalem for out these references and this certainly will hold up and go. israel but earth one throughout

the position from the middle east peace process remains unchanged. urging the parties to maintain a historical status for jerusalem in accordance with international agreements and resulting in the two state solution and stand for early resumption for the bilateral format and result preconditions. the ultimate goal should be restoration of the peace process in accordance with israeli and security council resolutions and principles of lasting exchange for arab peace initiative. it is necessary to identify acceptable principles in the peace process and future implementing. we therefore urge israel and palestine to take complete steps in the areas that will exchange prospects for peace based on the inalienable right of the palestinians and the right of israel to its own durable long-term security. >> i think him for his statement, i shall make a statement in my capacity of japan. in the peace process remains clear. a two state solution and belief, and negotiations, with resolutions and previous agreements in parties. it is in favor of the draft resolutio

for a general uprising against israel what will the american decision help accomplish in the middle east how will the world react to washington's move and can the roll over jerusalem become a spark that will ignite more bloodshed the age old conflict. question tom was shot former had of the u.n. international law commission welcome to the show it's really great to have you on our program now mr summers that strongest move to recognize to resilin as the capital of israel goes against the u.n. security council resolutions that the u.s. itself supported like you said the tell me can the usa go against a legally binding decision stat it has backed itself. the security council did not . legally binding decisions on jerusalem but there are many. of those security council which. focus on. one of those resolutions has been was the background of paul's by the united states why you resort. to all the measures aiming to incorporate a true solution into the israeli territory now and void this was also as i said already backed by united states that was in nine hundred seventy one a very important pri

out postwar middle east? >> very good question. yes, there was friction between the arab bureau in cairo and the indian office, primarily over mesopotamia. the british were interested in mesopotamia as a bridge to its indian possessions ther. there was also an interest of oil. the indian office assumed mesopotamia fell within its orbits, and were chagrined when the arab bureau in cairo planned for mesopotamia, and taking control with reference to the territory. of that in the end, the indian office lost out, primarily because of their mismanagement of the mesopotamian war. the office that was managing the drive of the tigris euphrates river valley towards baghdad, a campaign that ended in disaster . it was one of the great disasters to befall the british empire, forcing surrender of thousands of troops, very few of whom survived the war. those taken prisoner were first march to camps in eastern anatolia. only half survived. the conflict was acrimonious. primarily, it was about mesopotamia. the indian office h

we are going to see that mix of rain, sleet and snow across the south—east.ions, but a very cold start to the day, certainly, with temperatures well down in the minus double—digits in one or two parts of the countryside. sunshine across northern england. watch out for some icy stretches. and across northern ireland and scotland too, we'll see a northerly breeze bringing in some snow showers through the day. as we head through monday then, eventually that rain, sleet and snow will ease from the south—east. the winds will ease, too. away from the south—east, lots of dry weather, lots of wintry sunshine, though temperatures will struggle to get very much above freezing. we will continue to see some rain, sleet and snow showers across northern ireland and northern parts of scotland. 0vernight, one or two coastal showers in the far north, west and east. the bulk of the rain clears from the south—east and again, very cold into the early hours of tuesday morning. we could see those temperatures as low as —12, degrees, particularly where you have got the lying snow a

mesopotamia had been the breadbasket of the middle east, the center of civilization in the middle east, until it was laid to waste in 1258. baghdad was destroyed a strong , central authority. the irrigation canals silted up. agriculture died. the population was moved elsewhere. and bedouins moved in, and i think the india office had this idea of reviving mesopotamia, by making a part of its indian empire. >> thanks for the great talk. i know you are a scholar, contemporary jihadi ideology. so i was wondering to what extent these contradictory agreements, and isis rhetoric appealing to its followers, if any? dr. calvert: it is interesting. couple of years ago, there was his isis video that circulated on the internet showing a bulldozer destroying the burn that divided syria from iraq. as you know, the modern middle used, the modern map of arab middle east, is roughly based on the lines charted out. as far as arab nationalists were concerned, these were artificial borders and so forth, dividing arabs from one another. people in the 1950's and 1960's believed that divided arabs are weak,

in the middle east world react to washington and the role of the jerusalem. question tom was shot former had of the u.n. international law commission welcome to the show it's really great to have you on our program now some of that strongest move to recognize the capital of israel goes against the u.n. security council resolutions that the u.s. itself supported like you said the tell me can the usa go against a legally binding decision stat it has backed itself. security council. legally binding decisions on jerusalem but there are many. of those security council which. focus on. resolutions. crackdowns appalled by united states why do you resort. to older measures. to incorporate jerusalem as the israeli territory. well and void and this was also as i said already backed by is a united states that was in nine hundred seventy one a very important resolution to nine hundred ninety eight of nine hundred seventy one and also we have the advisory opinion of the international court of justice which clearly sans ant. jerusalem easter is room is still not part of is

than someone who's familiar with the middle east. is something really compelling about what they were saying and i found out that they had a revolution in north syria and i didn't know whether it was real or not i didn't know is this actually existing or is it just a much much unary but i did see something there was really intriguing and there's a felt drawn to is not something i was i had a choice in the much as felt myself drawn to it and then. there was a moment where isis attacked kabbani looked like it was about to be destroyed and then as someone who could themselves. hear of some people struggling for an accused ideology if i didn't somebody with the skill with the ability to go and help those people in their existential struggle in a moment of need then my whole life i'd not be a hypocrite mr tact even if you are very motivated and certainly seems like you are it still takes shady logistics to get to northern syria i know that from her personal experience it's not easy to travel there you have to make quite a few illegal cros

as well as the overall middle east peace process. china has consistently and firmly supported and pushed for the middle east peace process and we support the cause of restoring that legitimate national race of the palestinian people, support of fully solvent independent state of palestine, taken 1967 borders and with east jerusalem as its capital. such a position of china will not change. china will continue to be generally guided by the four-point proposal put forward by the presence of china this past july pushing for a solution for the palestinian issue, advance a political solution based on the two state solution and promote peace, stability and development of the middle east. we urge the international community to adhere to the resolutions of the security council and peace principal and initiatives to strengthen the efforts for the peace negotiations and find a solution to the key issues including the final status of jerusalem so as to achieve a comprehensive, just and lasting solution at an early date. thank you, mr. president.

let's go to east jerusalem where we want to turn to our guest in east j jerusalem budour hassan.ur response in east jerusalem as you are listening to president trump yesterday and what is the response in the community? was verysly, it frustrating to hear that coming from trump. it was not surprising because the u.s. complicity with the israeli occupation is not new. it is something that has spanned over generations. for palestinians, it is something that is expected. a nation like the united states that has been built on colonization, it is only natural for them to support another colonizer state in israel. we obviously -- we know the reason for our outrage is not just trump's declaration. the reason for our outrage is that it was under president obama that the u.s. pledged $38 billion of tax -- u.s. taxpayers money to support the i israel military. this is why we arereutraged. we are outrageged becausehe palestinian a authority continus to tell people theroromise of nenegotiations and peace, and te result is that all of these talks about pisa negotiations and that peace process

force that was in occupied east jerusalem from where he sent us this report. two days after donald trump's announcement the first fatality of the protests it sparked came in gaza israeli troops firing across the border fence with live ammunition. earlier thousands marched through gaza's jabaliya refugee camp leaders are calling for a new palestinian uprising. these marches will not stop until the liberation of jerusalem. they want only being severed also in the west bank and in the territories of one thousand nine hundred forty eight. in ramallah in the occupied west bank stone throwing protesters sheltered behind tire smoke and improvised barricades the israeli military had mobilized thousands of extra troops in anticipation. there were similar scenes in bethlehem just days ago the city ushered in the christmas season with fireworks now it's tear gas streaking the sky. and the focus of it all there were protests too in occupied east jerusalem at the old city's damascus gate after friday prayers hundreds gathered regular scuffles punctuated and otherwise relat

for palestinians living in occupied east jerusalem the sudden arrival of winter on wednesday matched the news that the us president was set to recognize the city as israel's capital. this is an insane move that will inflame the whole region because he's attacking all of our values our sacred places and our humanity and jerusalem according to un resolutions is the capital of two states if he does this today he will destroy the peace process that america is sponsoring while some of his colleagues have been publicly welcoming the move israel's prime minister steered clear of the topic during a speech to foreign diplomats in jerusalem making only this oblique reference in a video for his facebook page as he drove away as our historical national identity is receiving important expressions every day but particularly today that's moving the u.s. embassy from tel aviv was a campaign promise to important trump financial donors such as las vegas casino magnate sheldon adelson as well as trump's core right wing evangelical base president trump leads them more than ever as his popularity ratings

the headlines: more violent protests across the middle east after donald trump recognises jerusalem as the capital of israel. israel's prime minister says it's time for everyone to accept the change. i think the sooner the palestinians come to grips with this reality, the sooner we come to grips with this reality, the sooner we will move towards peace. venezuela's president maduro says he is banning the main opposition parties from next year's presidential election after they boycotted the latest mayoral polls. i'm kasia madera in london. also in the programme: a stark warning from the nobel peace prize winner — could mutually assured nuclear destruction be one impulsive tantrum away? a calculated military escalation could lead to the indiscriminate murder of civilians. and just why did this elephant get so angry when it came across this bus in china? good morning. it's 8am in singapore, midnight in london, and 2 in the morning injerusalem where donald trump's decision to recognise the city as the capital of israel is continuing to cause unrest. there've been clashes in the west bank a

on the middle east settlement. at the same time palestinian factions making up the palestinian liberation organization and also hamas called for strikes and processed marches in the palestinian territories on the west bank of the river jordan and also in gaza. in moscow the decision announced in washington was greeted with serious concern. we are of the view that a fair and reliable settlement of the long standing palestinian israeli conflict should be reached on the well known basis of international law including the corresponding resolutions of the security council and the general assembly of the united nations the stipulate the settlement of all aspects of the final status of the palestinian territories. including the so sensitive question of jerusalem through through the course of direct palestinian israeli negotiations. we are worried by the fact that the new position announced by the united states on jerusalem risks further complicating the situation in palestinian israeli relations and in the region as a who

rallying across the palestinian territories including the occupied west bank gaza strip and occupied east jerusalem in other developments the united nations security council is holding an emergency meeting to discuss trump's declaration the united nations secretary general antonio good terrorise insists that the status of jerusalem must only be resolved through direct israeli palestinian talks alan fischer is life first now in occupied east jerusalem who just talking there alan about some of the violent confrontations that have taken place around the world and of course in the west bank what's it been like way you are today. or how to have things like that really here in jerusalem people be coming here to the world famous damascus gate to preach or they prayed with security forces have moved them on there been a few confrontations you couldn't even go as far as calling them clashes certainly no reports of any serious injuries around here the people here are angry that they're being moved on they want to express that this said they want to express their anger or frustration at the united s

in east jerusalem coming from 1600 now 3100. those that published and open is the area of 3200 units announced in 2017 only to have been published so far. the first time since 2010 east jerusalem in 2017 there is no new published. so the movements that are concentrated i'm sorry 50% of the the settlement move they are concentrated around major population. 20% were in the out line locations. the number of palestinian structures demolished in 2017 the west bank was significantly lower than 2016. the lowest since 2009. also the structures that were demolished during 2017 to those 1000 structures demolished in 2016. in addition 2017 has seen those demonstrating initiatives with the policy with the legal steps of the west bank with private palestinian land. settlement activities undermine the chances for the palestinian state. second continuing violence against civilians perpetuates fear and suspicion since the adoption of 2334 it has been a significant reduction and in 2017 there were 109 shootings, stabbings and bombing attacks wit

we are going to see that mix of rain, sleet and snow across the south—east.e is brighter conditions, but a very cold start to the day, certainly, with temperatures well down in the minus double—digits in one or two parts of the countryside. sunshine across northern england. watch out for some icy stretches. and across northern ireland and scotland too, we'll see a northerly breeze bringing in some snow showers through the day. as we head through monday then, eventually that rain, sleet and snow will ease from the south—east. away from the south—east, lots of dry weather, lots of wintry sunshine, though temperatures will struggle to get very much above freezing. we will continue to see some rain, sleet and snow showers across northern ireland and northern parts of scotland. 0vernight, one or two coastal showers in the far north, west and east. the bulk of the rain clears from the south—east and again, very cold into the early hours of tuesday morning. we could see those temperatures as low as —12 degrees, particularly where you have got the lying snow around a

this is the tragedy of the middle east. hungarians.n this is the tragedy of the middle east.veryone is cooking their own pot of stew. i would be very surprised if no one follows the steps of the united states. occupier andis an an occupied. the one party that can make a difference, who can actually end his conflict tomorrow, by ending palestine, ison, not doing it. all they are doing is perpetuating the occupation. they have been doing it on an accelerated basis ever since the modern peace process started in madrid in 1991. what trump is doing -- trump does not care -- i completely he does notlan -- care about israel. jared kushner is a supporter of settlements. he has given donations to right-wing illegal settlements. we are really going to trust this guy? the fact is trump is playing to his base, def leppard from his -- deflect from his thomistic problems -- deflect from his domestic problems. melinda: i want to ask about euro later on, but let me ask about the arab states' role in all of this. the u.s. has that taken itself out of the game, out of the ability to be an even

you want to have security in the middle east recognize jerusalem and let the israeli security forces keep dru's them safe for people of all religions but then mr dyker i think there is a lot of. he's fourteen yandex here because the state department had to issue several clear if occasion stating that washington indeed wasn't trying to influence the talks on the status and the separation of jerusalem in any way but i think these really have thirty days maybe very deliberately make it appear as if donald trump was speaking about jerusalem as a whole well accent a look it's very important to understand that the state department was saying something true in this particular case donald trump president trump said that the status quo remember that word status quo that's a code word for keeping things as they are what the united states did was to correct an injustice and her and a and a a position that had been incorrect and biased against israel very much unfortunately at the behest of a israel's a friends in europe which held they took they prejudged. the outcome the negotiations by trying

the united states has never been more committed to peace in the middle east. we were committed to that before, the president announced the recognition of jerusalem as the capital of israel and we are committed to it today. what we witnessed today in the security council is an insult. it will not be forgotten. it's one more sample of the united nations doing more harm than good in addressing the palestinian conflict. today for the simple act of deciding where to put our embassy, the united states was forced to defend its sovereign sovereignty. the record will reflect that we did so probably. today for acknowledging basic truth about the capital city of of israel, we are accused of harming peace. the record will reflect that we reject that outrageous claim. for these reasons and with the best interest of both the israeli and the palestinian people firmly in mind, the united states votes no on this resolution. thank you. >> i think the representatives of the united states of america for the statement and i now give the floor to the representative of the united ki

of wales and north—east anglia, and eventually the south—east.ures will be higher in the south—east at nine or 10 celsius. always rather damp and cloudy and a bit drizzly across more western parts of the uk. into monday, a quiet day really. a lot of cloud again, some sunshine and more especially across eastern areas. mild for the time of year with temperatures up to nine or ten celsius in the afternoon. and we're not really talking about frost just yet. as we look ahead into the week, it is a quiet, mild and cloudy start to the week, but around the middle part of the week it will get very wetjust for a while, and then the cold and windy weather returns later on. this is bbc news. the headlines at 11... donald trump's former national security adviser, admits lying about his russian contacts and is prepared to give testimony that implicates the president's son—in—law, according to reports. the tax cuts and jobs act as amended is past. the us approves a package of tax changes — described as the most sweeping reforms in almost a0 years — and seen as

of peace in the middle east. china is highly concerned at the recent developments regarding the status of jerusalem. series of security council resolutions, including resolution 2334 all contain provisions regarding the status of jerusalem. any actions of unilaterally changing the current status of -- the long existing foundation of the question of the settlement of palestine and will trigger new conversations and conflicts in the region. tourge the parties concerned bear in mind the overall interest of peace and tranquility as well as the peace process in the middle east and avoid any action that might exacerbate tension or complicate the situation. china has always firmly supported and promoted the peace process in the middle east. we support the cause of the palestinian people of restoring their legitimate national rights and we support the establishment of a fully sovereign, independent state of palestine based on the 1967 borders, with east jerusalem as its capital. this position of china will not change. th

east berlin was not a full part of the democratic republic. it is subject to the four powers but it did not occur to anyone to not have the permanent representations in israeli or eu countries had their embassies in east berlin rather than anywhere else. it is rather strange that a country like germany and other eu countries recognize israel as a state and our chancellor says that the safety of israel is -- of germany and at the same time they do not have the embassy in the capital that has been chosen by the country and the representatives -- want a one state solution for elsewhere in europe but a two state solution in israel here we will have security in this region when the palestinians recognize that jerusalem is the capital of israel. >> thank you. one minute. >> the usa decision to recognize jerusalem is the capital of israel has triggered another fire in the flammable area with death, injury and stomping down on the people of the region. the usa wants to legitimize the role of israel being thrown into prison, killed and settlements that

the middle east we have. they're crucial and, and they, we can't even get to this region without them. this is from yesterday's military times. deploy to incirlik air base turkey, the 74th fighter squadron has dealt punishing blowses to isis forces in support of the syrian democratic forces. that was yesterday. syrian forces are commanded and control by a pkk offshoot as ash carter told the committee two years ago dedicated to overthrowing turkey. we're supporting that group because we needed against isis. turkey complains, screams, does all the things against us, every day those planes fly. that is the middle east has to deal with today. it is unpleasant, it is transactional, it's ugly but we in turkey have very similar strategic goals. russia, iran and to some degree, syria, want to change the mix-up of the middle east. we do not. turkey does not. at the end of the day we just have to push back as ambassador edelman said but don't cut off this relationship. it is crucial to us. >> i appreciate it, gentlemen

that any of this it highlights of russia's going influence in the middle east visiting syria egypt and turkey in just one day. to day i'm julie macdonald this is al jazeera live from london also coming up thousands of hezbollah supporters rally in lebanon against the u.s. recognition of jerusalem as israel's capital. a bangladeshi man targets the new york subway detonating a homemade bomb and wounding himself and three others. scuffles in kiev outside a court which is now ruled to free a physician leader mikhail saakashvili in custody. of their a warm welcome to the program and a solar revolution has helped greece hit its climate targets broken promises on. putting other homeowners off investing i do apologize i think we're on the wrong script there russian president vladimir putin has ordered a partial withdrawal of us troops from syria he made that announcement during a surprise visit to syria where he held talks with president bush. now it was part of a whistle stop tour of russia's middle east allies first stop was the un shuttle visit to the cayman airbase in syria's latakia provi

state so how can they then talk about peace and it's a pleasure to welcome them baker he's a middle east analyst of palestinian origin and he worked as a campaign consultant for barack obama he calls trump's decision an active diplomatic arson and says trump is willing to sacrifice not only the palestinians but also whatever remnants of credibility the u.s. government had as an even handed arbiter. so susan we know that president trump often sees foreign and domestic policy as one america first but he's faced pretty scathing criticism from many many people at home in the u.s. including as you pointed out in your opening statement many jewish groups reform association of reform jews the largest jewish group in the u.s. so who does like this decision whom is it aimed at that's a great question melinda because most people don't know this and if i didn't i would suspect the lie that you know basically comes from the protocols of the elders of zion that jews run the world jews run the united states and that's why u.s. policy towards israel has been so one sided on the contrary the main people

middle east, and tracy alloway.et us start out with a quick check on what was going on in the european markets on friday. we had some big news on a u.s. jobs and the brexit breakthrough as well. payroll for november was a headline number, rising by 228,000 for the month, above the forecast of 195,000. still no big improvement in wage gains, more of what we've seen over many months. the headlines were enough to give u.s. stocks a list however, the s&p 500 closing at an all-time high. strength flowed into the same stocks, they had been in an area of concern early in the week. the bloomberg dollar index is on its way to its best weekly performance for the year, pretty amazing f. again, judged by what was happening early in the week. 10 year yields also notched up higher that trumps and a short terms ending bill, aborting a government shutdown. here's a look at what was going on in europe, britain and the you= -- the eu agreeing not to disagree. pounddget move sent the going up, and then that two-year yields also going

east jerusalem used to be under jordanian rule. israel's capture of east jerusalem in one thousand nine hundred sixty seven removed the green line that it separate. the city since one thousand nine hundred eight the year that israel was founded. later on israel made a highly controversial move and annexed east jerusalem. it was done against international law. and it changed the course of history. with. canada is a local hero in so long. he had quite a turbulent north and today's still a rabble well that's about all. he dares to stand up and defy the authorities but it is not that he has nothing to lose yes to fight for his property family and for his livelihood every single day. he had upset at. the somehow discovery of alaska that got him into shape in a. military without going to. give him a visa for the rest of it i was sickened at all thought if you don't look at that eventuality. then to say i feel a bit less than. i thought of it how do i let that at the deal as of about. it over got a movie called you a liberal on it at the

it will be an unfortunate combination across east anglia and the south—east because you will still have cold air but no sunshine. there'll be quite a bit of cloud in northern and western parts out east, still that residue of cooler conditions but without the sunshine. any sunshine? yes, after a miserable morning, scotland, northern ireland beginning to improve. that rain taking its time to get away from the north—eastern quarter. clear it does though, so i'm suspecting there'll bea though, so i'm suspecting there'll be a bit of sunshine into the northern isles before the day is done. but as the cloud and rain slumps into the south, somewhat clearer, fresher conditions move in behind that cold front. so monday is going to start bright across central and eastern parts. there'll be frost and eastern parts. there'll be frost and fog. increasingly, we pick up the flow from the south—west from a relatively mild direction so sunday into monday the last of the cold air for a into monday the last of the cold air fora time, as into monday the last of the cold air for a time, as milder conditions

into the middle east because they are actually supporting all the. terrorist organizations in the middle east together with the israeli state. in our region we have so many problems but being a matter. of not be and can not be forgotten. by the humanity the world community as a whole. we have to find a moment peace and solution. in the global scale for middle east to have a peace in the region of peace for the world. this kind of behavior also reduced to respect and recognition it has been un has around the world. by the us to recognize jerusalem as the history of israel is not acceptable and it is actually a violation of the international treaties un this issue and anything you may cause that is illegal and cannot make any discrimination against people who live in the region and who will be affected and who are affected by this decision. out of sisters during the ottoman empire and so i'm on the magnificent. this is a very important. they said. like a brain model. which means. the profit it. should protect everybody. and of course. churches in scien

stay in the middle east. this region is a cauldron of poor governance and disaffection and as a result a petri dish for extremism that manifests itself against our allies and ultimately the homeland of the united states. since 2009 i think united states has largely pursued a policy that i think has had the unfortunate consequence of raising concerns about the us role as a security guarantor in the region. i think that has been exacerbated by some of the consequences of the plan of action which is freed up resources for tehran to use for its own purposes. both to procure weaponry for itself but also to support its proxies in the region pursuing an agenda of malign activity. i agree with my colleague that there has been more continuity then at least i would like in the policies of the trump administration. which are in very different hedrick would have broadly continued the previous administrations policies. perhaps reflecting the views that president trump expressed during the campaign that the whole region as

this man is a resident of east berlin. to free passage into west berlin is guaranteed by international agreement. on august 13th, 1961, this right has been set aside. to cross into west berlin, he swims into the canal that divides the zones. reaching the western bank he takes his few steps into freedom and promptly shot down by a rival guard on the communist side. to know why he was shot down across an artificial border by a man who bore him no personal malice, we must look at the road. we must go back along it many miles and many years. back from berlin 1961, to havana, 1959, to budapest 1956, koyokan, 1940, 1921. st. petersburg, russia, january 22nd, 1905. under the czar, nicolas the iind they are ruled by a government of absolute power. they are not here to protest against the autocracy but appeal. under the leadership of a priest, they have come to present a petition to dissolve. >> we the working men and inhabittants of st. petersburg come here to stek defense. we have become beggars. >> one quarter of a million peopl

this man is a resident of east berlin. his right to free passage into west berlin is guaranteed by international agreement, but on august 13, 1961, this right has been set aside. to cross into west berlin, he swims the canal that at one point divides the zones. on reaching the western bank, he takes his first few steps into freedom and is promptly shot down by rifle fire from a border guard on the communist side. to know why he was shot down across an artificial border by a man who bore him no personal malice, we must look at the road. we must go back along it many miles and many years. back from berlin, 1961 to havana, 1959, to budapest, 1956, coyocan, 1940, kronstad, 1951. st. petersburg, czarist russia, sunday, january 22, 1905. under the czar, nicholas ii, russia is ruled by absolute powers. these people, the workers and peasants of st. petersburg are not here to protest against this autocracy but to appeal to the autocrat, under the leadership of a priest they have come to present a petition to the czar. >> we the wor