time and as well as the philippines and this was called the association of southeast asia. they would lay the foundations, the association of south east asian nations. that would include singapore as well as indonesia and these three anti-communist members, malaysia, thailand, and the philippines. all of these countries would rule by conservative leads. these would fully support u.s. intervention in vietnam, during the 60s and 70s, they would pursue increasingly intimate ties, with the superpowers. supr powers. these were the vital moments of what was a wider pro-u.s. trajectory across southeast asia. now, what my book subjects is this story of the wider region is lost if we focus tightlyo on the faith. whereas a number of scholars judged the u.s. retreat from vietnam is the end of a short-lived american empire, my book considers dominos that did not fall. this dominos transformed over time and this became an informal empire of america that inclosed the south china sea and circled china. in fact, it reflects what u.s. officials had very early on from the out set of the cold war been intending. saw southeast asia as part of a great cre