s based on the assumption that the night of the longs to egypt and that egypt has a right to decide us for gets what of the night water and the countries that are unable to use the night water because it will be unstable and because they won't be for. this circumstances have changed and changed forever. the change came in may two thousand and ten at a meeting going into your ganda when the upstream countries took matters into their own hands. in an unprecedented move six of the eight nations signed a new agreement declaring greater autonomy in decision making over the niles waters aware of the agenda egypt and sudan had refused to attend. what was signed in entebbe set off alarm bells in cairo. touching the very core of egyptian fear about its water source of law would must it is a red line for egypt existence. there is a difference between security and existence itself. we are wholly dependent on the nile we have no other water sources in eight so the truth is that any threat against the nile waters will result in the reduction of egypt's share this would threaten us with thirst and d

the flow of the blue nile to egypt. feeling they had secured the full length of the nile britain's decision makers in london began to put in place the next phase of their master plan economic gain. from quite early on the british also decided to transform egypt into the cotton fall of the textile industries and lancashire in the. british reliance on egyptian cotton began to increase. to boost the harvest the british set out to revolutionize egypt's irrigation system a system dating back thousands of years. they gave a oddity to the baltic countries denied countries their old engineers what the plan is remain down from the colonials service and teed experienced guys. given a lot of plans another political freedom so that they really can take the nile and head. the british came up with the idea for a dam in southern egypt to hold back the nile flood and use its waters for irrigation. construction on the ass when low dam began in eighteen one thousand nine. it was officially opened three years later at the time it was the

compared to egypt's forty eight billion cubic meters. the newly independent sudanese were not happy inheriting this colonial legacy. that this agreement reinforced gyptian dominance over the nile. and gives who done just a token amount of. what was that is the home of the chaff most sudanese believe that the knowledge agreements were unjustly set and that distribution of the water should have been based on the size of the country iceland . sedans share should have been much more than what was agreed upon because it's far larger than. the nine hundred twenty nine agreement had also given egypt the right to monitor the nile flow beyond the egyptian territory. under so that i remember when i was young in geneva i moved to them my roommate was an egyptian engineer this was and his sole job was to check the amount of work that he then took from the nine. and to ensure that so then didn't take water during the drought these were your ideas but in the end. keen to assert its newly won sovereignty the sudanese government declared it was no longe

but the us one high down in egypt . once constructed the dam was due to save over thirty billion cubic meters of floodwater annually. egypt share of the nile increased by several billion cubic meters sudan's limited share more than quadruple. the nine hundred fifty nine agreement between egypt and sudan consolidated a renewed alliance. muscle issue that egypt and so then formed a joint committee this once and for monitoring that of that in the two countries looked at that and increasing its water flow was the ad that it allowed. one way to increase the nile waters was to resurrect a plan dating back to british colonial times. over twenty billion cubic meters of the nile waters carried downstream from the great lakes region a last buyback aeration in the huge swamp area of southern sudan known as the suit . the plan was to dig a canal diverting the nile to bypass this area reducing the water loss it was cooled the jungle a canal. there was one problem. sedan was far from stable. the nation had been born with a dangerous

the river is egypt's lifeline. ahmed: it's the center line in my life, i think in all egyptian's lives. without the river nile, egypt is just a desert. just a desert. that's it. for me, without the river nile, my life would be just a desert. reporter: egypt is mainly made up of barren wasteland -- sand and stones. the nile provides 95% of the country's water supply. fields are irrigated with water from the nile. ahmed, the rower, is an agricultural consultant. farmers share their worries with him. mohammed: if the water go down, egypt will be a desert. an old civilization, like old ancient egypt, the nile valley. if this goes down, it would be a catastrophe. reporter: many fear that this is exactly what could happen when the grand ethiopian dam upriver is completed. egypt would not have as much water for irrigation. ahmed: if you stop irrigating, the salty water will get up, and you will be affected for many years. if you keep growing the land, you won't have any problem. but if you stop, if you have no water for s

the river is egypt's lifeline. he says it's a simple line from a moment in my life and i think in the whole egyptians life. and nothing. was a river nile egypt disaster does a class for business that's a for me i was out man was always on every mile mile i would be just this. egypt is mainly made up of barren wasteland sand and stones. the nile provides ninety five percent of the country's water supply. fields are irrigated with water from the nile. made the rower is an agricultural consultant. farmers share their worries with him . many fear that this is exactly what could happen when the grand ethiopian dam up river is completed egypt would not have as much water for irrigation if you. sold your water will get up and it will be if you will be affected for many years if you keep growing the land you won't have any problems if you stop have no water or. you would have a problem and the problem was they was. here in the nile delta there wide canals and water seems plentiful. this is a fertile area but people don't a

i'm currently working on a book manuscript about egypt, the modern history of egypt. and it operates from apprentice that the egyptian people are a people that protest. and that has been well documented over -- since the early 19th century. we have this notion of continuity in student protests over the long history of egypt's modern history. however, the reason for protests often is different. and so, what i hope to talk about today is the student and worker protests of 1968 and really what i am interested in in egypt is the conservative term which takes hold in 1967. a lot of historians or political scientists really see the conservative turn in egypt as happening in the 1970's. there is a lot of cultural evidence that would support that it happened much earlier. today, what i'm going to talk to about is a couple of things. egypt and film. -- egyptian film. music. and the siding -- and the sighting of the virgin mary in 1968 which is an interesting art of the story. in egypt, relations with israel and britain were sour in the 1950's after the suez crisis. the u.n. tr

>> the support we provide egypt is an element of our relationship. my message will be, how can we find ways to strengthen the ties between the united states and egypt and make it possible for us to move forward in a way that advances the security of both of our countries and the security of the region. >> martha: okay. congress just hopping forward to your visit to nevada this week. you'll be there to support them. how do you see your role in the 2018 elections. lot of people saying republicans will have a pretty uphill battle in 2018. >> well, for the party in power in the white house, history teaches that first midterm election is always a challenge. but president trump and i are very optimistic. think about the progress that we've made in the last year. i mean, this is a president that's rolled back more federal red tape than any president in american history. the appointment of judge gorsuch to the supreme court. more appeals court judges than any president in history. historic tax cuts. all of which has created an environment where 2 million new

in the triangle known as hell which egypt continues to hold. some people say that the bush ids are now parts of egypt but in our hearts we are not a tradition none of us say we are egyptians and even a gyptian stone accept us as part of their. mohamed says he has stopped in permits

was firmly centered in egypt it's a vast desert and the fertile nile valley. the varos went to war regularly to defend their trade routes and more importantly their land and people. one battle is commemorated on the temple walls at abu simbel it's the battle of card against the hittites early in the king's reign. ramsay's had himself portrayed in the release as a brave warrior and daring military leader an inscription on the wall proclaims the pharaohs courage and fame and bears witness to the cowardice of his own troops. today's historians say the evidence in the battle of carders is conflicting inscriptions left by the hittites present them as the victors. ramsay's turned all egypt into a monument to his own creativity the abu simbel temples were far larger and more significant than any cliff temples he or his predecessors had get. using the simplest of bronze and stone tools to open the rock face the workers cut sixty metres back into the cliffs working in teams of one hundred many much. as the space inside grew a system of polished bronze mirrors was insta

israeli forces crossed the border into egypt.even though the israelis was still some distance from the canal britain and france called for both sides to withdraw. when nasr rejected the ultimatum british and french troops began landing and put signs at the mediterranean end of the canal. night a statement not consulted in any way about any phase of these actions nor were we informed of them in advance. it is our hope and intent this matter will be brought before the united nations general assembly there with no veto operating the opinion of the world can be brought to bear in our quest for a just in to this tormenting. by the end of december. under heavy international pressure. the british and french were forced into a humiliating withdrawal from put sallied. louvel attention now shifted to israel still occupying the whole of the sinai and the gaza strip. allow an apostle but won't go to zero a little incitements he cannot up. east. knesset. in march one thousand nine hundred fifty seven ben-gurion finally who did the israeli arm

even ian back to the rebels have been fighting government forces supported by saudi arabia in yemen egypt's former prime minister ahmed shafik has ruled himself out of the running for the upcoming presidential election shafique said in november he intended to run later this year but he's not pulled out of contention saying is not the perfect person to lead state affairs and iran is running the teaching of english as a subject in primary schools education officials want to stop what they call a western cultural invasion primary schools will focus more on promoting fossey any raney and culture the ban will apply to both state run and privately owned schools but english will still be taught in secondary schools those are the headlines inside story is next on al-jazeera stay with us. on counting the cost we'll look at the economic reasons behind the rest in the middle east's second largest economy plus new year new rules for european finance but that's not all we'll ask the chief global economist at u.b.s. what's his dangerous idea cosima cost this time zero. does egypt support donald trump's d

does egypt support donald trump's decision on leaks suggest leaders in cairo don't object to u.s. recognition of the city as israel's capital and saudi arabia stands accused of secret support what does the apparent shift mean for the future of jerusalem this is inside story. hello there welcome to the program i'm laura kyle off the u.s. president donald trump recognized jerusalem as israel's capital the condemnation from the arab world was swift and strong but is everyone on board the new york times reports that the gyptian media has been pressured to play down opposition to trump's decision and leaked phone recordings a senior intelligence officer reportedly told leading t.v. talk show hosts to influence their view as to back that decision contrary to widespread condemnation amongst muslims the newspaper quotes intelligence officer captain holy ghost so how is true islam different from the mullah which is the base of the palestinian authority in the occupied west bank captain al holly was quoted telling the talk show hosts an intifada would not egypt's national security interests

and the triangle known as hell which egypt continues to hold. you know some people say that the bushite is a now part of egypt but in our hearts we are not a traditions none of us say we are egyptians and even egyptians don't accept us as part of them. mohamed says he has looked in permits from egyptian authorities to cross into hell i as do many people who live in or safe but have families in the triangle the dispute over a region rich in oil and minerals started when sudan gained independence in one thousand nine hundred fifty six and borders were drawn up over the past few years the dispute has escalated with sudan accusing egypt of harassing its citizens when they crossed into the region and executing dozens of them in the past twelve months alone that fence marks the beginning of the disputed area of the library and go egypt has station forces there for more than two decades despite protests from the sudanese government recently has been at the forefront of increased tensions between the two countries tensions exacerbated by sudan support f

egypt and bahrain cut diplomatic ties with qatar in chile. what we have in common is we will never be affected by dispute we see it as a temporary or of a long it takes every one of us understands the deteriorating circumstances around us which represent a challenge to us all understand the problems facing the g.c.c. and these problems require more meetings and consultations on all levels we will never be able to face these challenges individually meanwhile a un human rights office investigation into the g.c.c. crisis has found the blockade on qatar is negatively impacting the people in the region it says measures taken by the four arab countries against the ha are discriminatory the body of a coup member has been recovered a body of raney an oil tanker that collided with a congo ship in the east china sea the other thirty one members on board are still unaccounted for they offer years of an environmental disaster off the coast of shanghai as a tanker was carrying crude oil those are the headlines inside story starts now. does egypt support d

is the president of egypt scared of the competition. is the latest contender forced out of the race for the presidential election in la the army's chief of song is under arrest and the former prime minister has also been forced to drop out this is inside story. hello and welcome to the program i'm laura kyle it doesn't look like many or should that be any challenges are going to make it to polling day for the presidential election in egypt voting in march will be the second sense of will fattah el-sisi deposed president mohamed morsy five years ago critics say the election is turning into a false one minute you need a scene as a leading contender to replace sisi is out of the race sami annan was arrested by soldiers on choose day c'mon to say the former army chief is soft broke the law by not getting permission to declare his candidacy and spokesman says his arrest means the state doesn't really want elections a tool well another comes as out of the running is ahmed shafik the former prime minister and air force chief announced his chal

and we will continue to collaborate egypt in taking the fight to terrorists across the region. we have made extraordinary progress in the fight against isis over the last year, our military, our coalition forces, working closely with iraq have literally driven isis out of iraq. we have overtaken the so-called capital of their caliphate in raqqah and we are continuing to lead -- lean into that fight and the deep discussions today with president el si-si to confront and to defeat islamic terrorism across this region and across the world where productive and meaningful. we also raised a number of other issues on the global stage. we spoke about the priority president trump has placed on isolating north korea, we spoke about president el si-si to discontinue any diplomatic connection to north korea and he received that well and we are hopeful to see -- to see egypt take action in the days ahead to join other nations that are standing, standing with the united states and with nations across the world to isolate north korea. we also spoke -- we also spoke about the importance of reli

egypt and bahrain cut diplomatic ties with katter in june you know. what we have in common is we will never be affected by a dispute we see it as a temporary terrible long it takes every one of us understands the deteriorating circumstances around us which represent a challenge to us all understand the problems facing the g.c.c. and these problems require more meetings and consultations on all levels we will never be able to face these challenges individually and a un human rights investigation into the g.c.c. crisis is found the blockade of catarrh is negatively impacting the people in the region it says measures taken by the four arab countries against our discriminatory the body of a crew member has been recovered on board the iranian oil tanker which collided with a cargo ship in the east china sea the other thirty one members are still unaccounted for right there is the latest headlines talked to our jazeera is next. on counting the cost we'll look at the economic reasons behind the unrest in the middle east second largest economy plus new year n

i'm currently working on a book manuscript about egypt, the modern history of egypt. and it operates from apprentice that the egyptian people are a people that protest. and that has been well documented over -- since the early 19th century. we have this notion of continuity in student protests over the long history of egypt's modern history. however, the reason for protests often is different. and so, what i hope to talk about today is the student and worker protests of 1968 and really what i am interested in in egypt is the conservative term which takes hold in 1967. a lot of historians or political scientists really see the conservative turn in egypt as happening in the 1970's. there is a lot of cultural evidence that would support that it happened much earlier. today, what i'm going to talk to about is a couple of things. egypt and film. -- egyptian film. music. and the siding -- and the sighting of the virgin mary in 1968 which is an interesting art of the story. in egypt, relations with israel and britain were sour in the 1950's after the suez crisis. the u.n. tr

and i met shafiq pulls out of the race to become egypt's next president amid reports he was pressured into doing it. government forces in syria stepping up their offensive against opposition fighters and their last remaining stronghold it is supposed to be a deescalation zone set up last year with the backing of russia iran and turkey but the deal appears to have crumbled president assad backed by russia has bent on taking back control of the area to cement his grip on power for civilians the onslaught is causing misery in freezing winter conditions are going to name explains. the sound all too familiar to many syrians as the war enters its eighth year the concern in italy province is just how large the scale of the death and devastation could be. syrians here remember what happened in two thousand and sixteen when government forces regained control of aleppo once syria's biggest city. i don't know them the mold i was tempted will bashar we will look leave we will die in syria we are all civilians why do they do this then america then the arab league then the security council i don't

egypt and ethiopia rowing about this dam but we've got egypt and sudan currently employed embroiled in a diplomatic route and the row about the dam with ethiopia threatens to spill over into that route too so you've got this three way argument going on what's going on between egypt and sudan first of all actually there's a lot actually agreement between egypt and sudan actually. the issue of. i think one of the main issues actually appeared in the disagreement between the two countries and then the issue of immunity that actually sudan supports she would be opposed to show but it clearly and often the issue of what of the muslim brotherhood because actually sudan is government. you know leader of the. you know illegal illegitimate actually leader because overthrow the mohamed morsi who is also a muslim brotherhood or something or other and they have an issue also the you can they the original issue i think is very very important actually between the two countries that's why it is very difficult actually for the. two leaders actually to have to get out even to reconcile their difference

for some the recordings further prove how cc's egypt controls the media doesn't support the palestinian struggle for liberation for others it simply confirms what they've known all along either way it's a reminder that even the most feared security apparatus inside egypt has its weak spot. i'll just see it or turkey's to extend its state of emergency for a further three months it was due to expire on jan or the nineteenth this is the sixth time it's been extended the state of emergency was imposed after a failed coup attempt in july twenty sixth seen thousands of people suspected of involvement have since been arrested many from the government and the military. many nigerians returning home after being trapped in libya are still hoping of one day to reach europe migrants escaping economic hardship have often found themselves being exploited by people traffickers after arriving in libya well thousands are now returning home. after the address has been traveling with them and said this exclusive report. was these first time nigerian migrants heading home from this schooling facility in tr

has denied a report by the new york times which says egypt and officials asked media in egypt to play down the opposition to president decision and in these phone recording a senior intelligence officer reportedly told t.v. talk show host convinced arab us to back the decision but the holes deny having ever spoken to the officer. in germany chancellor angela merkel says she thinks major parties can form a coalition government have resume talks in berlin but a potential sticking point between i'm going to miracles christian democrats and the social democrats is the refugee crisis. is goebbels kundalini. i think we can do it we will work very quickly very intensively that's what we set out to do and you always think about what people in germany are expecting all those who. always hope that politics will solve the problems in create the framework for people to live well in our country i'm optimistic about these talks but i also know that there is a lot of work ahead of us in the coming days we'll willing to take on the work. and a u.s. government allegation that diplomats in cuba america

egypt's former prime minister amateur feat has ruled himself out of the upcoming presidential election should be cowed said it over but that he did tended to run later this year he was widely seen as a serious challenger to president abdel fattah el-sisi a new york times report says she feet could have been influenced by the government to withdraw from the race as a child reports. despite being arguably the most powerful institution in the country egypt's military intelligence appears to have its weaknesses on sunday the new york times said it had received order recordings of phone calls made by a military intelligence officer the leaks suggest how the army tightly controls and directs media outlets in egypt. in the recordings an officer named a chauffeur who really makes a number of calls to talk show hosts and other famous president ologies instructing them on what they must say in the wake of president donald trump's controversial decision to recognize drucilla as the capital of israel by beloved dog and i'm letting you know the position of egypt's national security regarding the is

egypt refers to a colonial era treaty that gave it a seventy eight percent share of the nile which it sees as a historic right but other nile basin countries including if you were not part of the deal and have since signed their own agreement it's. this is not going to bring any significant harm upon the egyptian side and we are working on this we're trying to be very transparent. there are reports ethiopia has increased security measures are on the dam and put in place a no fly zone in the area this is a sensitive region last week sudan closed the. spore deal with eritrea and sent thousands of troops to the area after reports of possible troop deployment from egypt and the united arab emirates inside eritrea meanwhile if you hope is prime minister is visiting khartoum and egypt for crucial discussions on the dam with hopes of finding a way forward mohamed al dizzier. pope francis is on his way to chile to push a message of peace and unity in a country where many say they're fed up with priest sex abuse and cover ups more than sixty percent of chileans still declare themselves to be r

egypt is concerned that a rapid filling up of the reservoir could drastically reduce the flow of water from the blue nile ethiopia has not said how long it will take to fill that as a walk however ethiopia's immediate downstream neighbor sudan has expressed satisfaction with the project saying it's going to preserve part of its water that's used to flow into egypt egypt refers to a colonial era treaty that gave it a seventy eight percent share of the nile which it sees as a historic right but other nile basin countries including if you were not part of the deal and have since signed their own agreement it's. this dame is. not going to bring any significant harm upon the egyptian side and we're working on this we're trying to be very transparent. there are reports if you know people has increased security measures are around the dam and put in place a no fly zone in the area this is a sensitive region last week sudan closed its border with eritrea and sent thousands of troops to the area after reports of possible troop deployment from egypt and the united arab emirates inside eritrea me

but social media actually played the one of the biggest roles and what happened seven years ago in egypt and now as i said we continue to see a lot of conversations about the upcoming elections critics of c.c. and rights groups have had plenty to say joseph posted this image online saying sisi is running against himself echoing a very popular hash tag we're seeing at the moment and ken roth from human rights watch says when you're an autocratic like sisi the best election is when you have pressured all of your major opponents not to run and the women's rights activists is mona and she said this is a reminder of the suffocating and possibility of politics in egypt the military backed regime determines who can or who can't challenge it and as i said when people in egypt started rising up against hosni mubarak and twenty eleven social media fan those flames and suddenly dissenting voices were heard and listened to now this video is being shared a lot it's of the first massive protests that took place in ramsey's square in cairo people are tweeting this down only to reflect on the revolution

welcome to the news grid a double take egypt to join several other arab nations in calling for global recognition of a palestinian state the arab league says it will all be the united nations to recognize a future state with east jerusalem as its capital but publicly supports the palestinian cause it's being forced to deny reports that an egyptian official asked . to play down the opposition to president donald trump declaration a political it genius in an extraordinary move donald trump goes on a public tirade to defend his mental stability and intelligence after the controversial book fire and fury questions his fitness for office critics say trump's rants say something about his temperament but trump says being really smart is what got him in the live in washington search and rescue when iranian oil tanker collides with a chinese cargo ship off the east coast of china and now emergency teams are scrambling to find at least thirty two missing crew members from iran. and there are environmental concerns the tanker carrying one hundred thirty six thousand tons of oil products. nigeria

history even with all the ships that egypt has gone through it is quite embarrassing on one end but i don't think he cares on the other end as long as he gets reelected between quotations for the next four years he will do whatever he has to do and until now we did not reach the politics level so we did not reach the assassinations the excluding high level candidates and so on but this you can see some some of this happening in the next that how do you read two weeks how the egyptian people will react to this because at the moment sort of one military man toward syria a former politician after another. they want someone they can trust they want someone who could offer them the solution to certain economic problems that they're facing at the moment things are on one and these hopes and demands of elevating the political social and economic conditions but on the other hand what we're seeing is really hard part politics it is politics between a fight between the military elite for the ruling of egypt this is less to do with the hopes and dreams of the egyptians a more a more to do with

in the triangle known as hello which egypt continues to hold. bashar in the us the you know some people say that the bush ids are now parts of egypt but in our hearts we are not of the commissions none of us say we are egyptians and even egyptians don't accept us as part of that was the. mohamed says he has looked in permits from egyptian authorities to cross into her lie as do many people who live in or save but have families in the triangle the dispute over a region rich in oil and minerals started when sudan gained independence in one thousand nine hundred fifty six and borders were drawn up over the past few years the dispute has escalated with sudan accusing egypt of harassing its citizens when they crossed into the region and executing dozens of them in the past twelve months alone that fund marks the beginning of the disputed area of the library and go egypt has the asian forces there for more than two decades despite protests from the sudanese government recently has been at the forefront of increased tensions between the two countries t

and was he forced to step out of the race egypt's former prime minister rules himself out of the upcoming presidential election. good to have you with us on the news hour in a few hours time north and south korea will hold their first time level talks in more than two years now the rare meeting is expected to focus on the north's participation in next month's winter olympics in pyongyang chang souls been projecting enthusiasm about the talks but some are questioning whether the lead to any real progress florence louis has more from the south korean capital this was the last formal face to face meeting between north and south korean officials in december two thousand and fifteen the two sides discussed reunions of families separated by the korean war and economic cooperation. that is make a good start and open the great path to reunification. despite the initial optimism the talks broke down and in the two years since north korea has fired more than forty missiles and conducted three nuclear tests to v.s.e. escalating tensions on the korean peninsula but at the start of this year north kor

talk shows in egypt. say that talk shows are the most important phenomenon in the way that government communicates with the public will be an undersea. feed and. many it's consistent it's entertaining. you get the feeling as though you're sitting at a cafe with them. and don't mistake it for a moment this is not about bringing information to the people this is about bringing government this course into your home. but. the. point in egyptian intelligence officer on the phone to a number of t.v. personality directing them on how to report the u.s. decision to recognize to resign him of the capsule. instead of condemning the decision they should persuade the u.s. to simply accept. the takes of time by the new york times show just how involved the state can be and what goes out on the country. and i share. egyptian talk shows are an accidental byproduct of states censorship when former president hosni mubarak allowed more private channels on the air he made it clear that news bulletins would remain in the han

because egypt has the location, it has the manpower, and, you know, any other group without egypt in there, they just couldn't do it realistically. so, i mean, it was a very, a very smart thing. one of the accomplishments of the carter administration, one of the few. so for 30 years, fine, no risk of conventional war. what you had were other things going on, and to fought a, -- antifada, terrorism, stuff like that. now we have a situation where a government could come to power in egypt that will abrogate that accord and potentially go to war with israel with other countries. well, that's a lot worse situation than what we were facing six months ago. and, you know, i don't know what the obama administration is going to do about it, but that's what we're facing now. so we see these uprisings in other countries, in bahrain most recently. ok, so you have a shia majority people ruled by a sunni monarchy. but the iranians have been trying to destabilize that country for a long time. the iranians see great opportunity in all of this stuff to try to just foment unrest. and it is, it is a fal