plus, proving einstein right was no easy task. we take you inside the perilous journey that changed our understanding of the universe. laura: for those watching on pbs and around the globe, lcome to "world news america." president trump says the u.s. has brokered a permanent cease-fire in northeast syria and he is going to lift sanctions against turkey after they told ankara will stop combat operations against the kurds. thousands of people were forced to flee after turkey began its assault on kurdish fighters, but mr. trump declared it was someone else's fight. nick bryant reports. nick: on a day that donald trump claimed american diplomatic triumph, the facts on the ground contradicted his words. these were russian forces consolidating their power in northern syria, in an area that just weeks ago was home to a key u.s. base in the region. these were turkish soldiers and turkey-backed syrian rebels unveiling their flags in triumph in a border town they have taken from the kurds. america's forces have been continuing their pullout

and that's what einstein wants us to talk about. so i claim, and this is just chutzpah.this is not something we know is true, this is a guess, this is a hypothesis that we're exploring the consequences of. but to imagine that we can extract geometry e from entanglement. there's something that we do know for sure, that entanglement is related to entropy. i love entropy, but the quantum version has special certain qualities. a wonderful physicist shows that when two systems are entangled with each other, either one of them separately has entropy. you can roughly think of entropy as how much you don't know about the space of a system. and we said those two systems, a and b, are entangled, either one of them is in one definite space all by itself. that's kind of like we don't know what state a is in. it's not true that we don't know. so it's kind of like it's an analogy, but there's a formula when two systems are entangled, you can quantify the amount of entanglement by the end to my of -- entropy of the different substances. finally, there's a relationship between entropy a

that's what einstein wants us to talk about.aim, this is just hurts but come not something we tested and it was true, this is a guess, a hypothesis that we're exploring the consequences of. let's imagine we can extract geometry from entanglement. there's something that we do know for sure that entanglement is related to entropy. i give a whole nother talk on entropy. i love entropy but the quantum version of entropy has certain special properties. went to systems are entangled with each other, either one of them separately has entropy. you can think of entropy as how much you don't know about the state of the system and he said went to systems are entangled, either one of them is in one depth and quantum state by itself. so john von neumann said that's kind of like we don't know what state a is in. it's not true that we don't know it's kind of like it's an analogy that there's a formula when the systems are entangled you can quantify the amount of entanglement by calculating the entropy of the different substance. finally, there

he joins us from tokyo welcome to both our guests marc einstein let me start with you if i may because you've worked with companies around the world in setting up their cyber defenses but given the scale of the threat today in the sophistication of cyber attacks are we losing the battle against the hackers and if so why. i think you can make the case that we are you know now we have this phenomenon called the internet of things which is several years old now and you know this is the number one reason that companies are really hesitant to be more and more connected i think what is so interesting about this is that the majority of the hacks that we see are actually not very sophisticated they're caused by things or having to all passwords or passwords like 12345 and you know these basic mistakes are holding back billions or even trillion dollars in corporate product of 80. macs eyes in preston i mean the head of britain's national cybersecurity center recently warned that the u.k. will be hit by a life threatening catch a green one cyber emergency in the very near future i mean that soun

professor einstein taught us this. even if it is a stage it is one of these modern stages of moving parts. they are curved and heal that curvature into orbit around the sun and whatever other things people do the problem is a gravity is the one part of the current understanding of the fundamental law of physics that we haven't made fully quantum mechanical. everything else for electricity, magnetism, electrons and so forth it seems to work to the arbitrary factors. gravity works for the ne the mon living around the earth, but not in important cases like black holes or the big bang or anything like that. so my feeling is the reason why we haven't been able to find the quantum theory and gravity is because they keep starting with the classical theory and i think that is a mistake. i think rather than, we should try to find the gravity within the quantum mechanics. in other words, why in the world should we be surprised we don't understand the quantum gravity that we don't understand quantum mechanics. maybe we just got l

einstein said that nothing can travel faster than light today if we want to visit the closest neighbor and fasten story is for lied years away with the thing knowledge of god we have now. it will take us 40 years to was there another 40000 years to come back you can say ok this is not a z. can be improved by a factor of 10 ok then in that it's going to take only 4 south and years to all 12 percent even at a very very close. very close to the speed of light it will take at least 10 or 20 years to go and 10 or 20 years to come back and that is the closest star and even discovering planets that could be. in the future well how are you going to move 20000000000 people to a planet that is. if 15 ideas the way it's a dream yeah the human beings we are confined to the solar system forever i don't believe that we ever call on the ice there in the same way that they. absolutely it believe or that we have to go to mars. i don't believe that we could ever go to to visit. nice it planet of another star i bet in the 100 years 'd of the many people that don't agree with you. they prove me wrong i'd

he joins us from tokyo welcome to both our guests marc einstein let me start with you if i may because you've worked with companies around the world in setting up their cyber defenses but given the scale of the threat today in the sophistication of cyber attacks are we losing the battle against the hackers and if so why. i think you can make the case that we are you know now we have this phenomenon called the internet of things which is several years old now and you know this is the number one reason that companies are really hesitant to be more and more connected i think what is so interesting about this is that the majority of the hacks that we see are actually not very sophisticated they're caused by things or having the all passwords or passwords like 12345 and you know these basic mistakes are holding back billions or even trillion dollars in corporate product of 80. macs eyes in preston i mean the head of britain's national cybersecurity center recently warned that the u.k. will be hit by a life threatening catch a green one cyber emergency in the very near future i mean that sou

from reward so i make the analogy to the atomic weapons or the atomic power or the whole idea of einstein's discovery that energy equals mass and by understanding that you could create an atomic weapon that was based on a solution except in the financial world. the black and shoals model basically pried open risk and reward and you could trade risk separately so in the options market which followed only 10 years after this you can trade an option that has no intrinsic value at all it just has implied value based on. time to time value plus. the volatility or beta so if you have been on a stock and the option is the buy the stock in the 6 months in the future and the underlying stock goes up and down a lot then you have an implied value for that option right and so it's a way to price risk but the way to price risk is the need to know time time best have value time has to use the and align prevailing interest rate to establish a baseline of the value of time from now on the curve from short to long so if you're negative as we've said before you have no value of time as a matter of fact time

he joins us from tokyo welcome to both our guests marc einstein let me start with you if i may because you've worked with companies around the world in setting up their cyber defenses but given the scale of the threat today in the sophistication of cyber attacks are we losing the battle against the hackers and if so why. i think you can make the case that we are you know now we have this phenomenon called the internet of things which is several years old now and you know this is the number one reason that companies are really hesitant to be more and more connected i think what is so interesting about this is that the majority of the hacks that we see are actually not very sophisticated they're caused by things or having the all passwords or passwords like 12345 and you know these basic mistakes are holding back billions or even trillion dollars in corporate product of any. macs eyes in preston i mean the head of britain's national cybersecurity center recently warned that the u.k. will be hit by a life threatening category one cyber emergency in the very near future i mean that sounds

the reign of einstein gave. the reign of einstein. in his. you know world a big partisan movie lot and conspiracy it's time the world of big partisan movies lockers and conspiracy it's time to wake up to dig deeper to hit the stories that mainstream media to wake up to dig deeper to hit the stories that mainstream media refuses to tell more than ever we need to be smarter we need to stop refuses to tell more than ever we need to be smarter we need to stop slamming the door on the back and shouting past each other it's time for slamming the door on the back and shouting past each other it's time for critical thinking it's time to fight for the middle for the true critical thinking it's time to fight for the middle for the truth the time is now we're watching closely watching. the time is now we're watching closely watching the hawks. pictish with some bush to the hawks. pictish with some burst of fun and what not is a building etc closing out cycling to link them to sleep in the city since it's a test of this of the material is what you're loo

. >> that is a gun, and right here, and that is a einstein quote.ave to learn the rules to the game and play them better than anyone else. i took it from einstein but applied it to the streets. >> like bloodworth peters is in jail awaiting a trial or possible plea deal. he is facing six charges including a possession of a firearm and assault and battery on a police officer and resisting arrest. because of the prior convictions peters could face up to 15 years in prison if found guilty. >> when i was a kid, you couldn't tell me i wasn't going to the nba. i thought that's where i was going to end up. but hoop dreams is over. >> they trying to take the rest of my 20 from me. i got a 3-year-old out there, and so it is like my father was never in my life and i might not be there for my son. so it is really a eye-opener and makes you wake up after a while. especially in the hole, you have a lot to think about [ bleep ]. >> you know, you have nothing but time to think about what you have done in your past and [ bleep ]. and this is meant to stress you out.

einstein said that nothing can travel faster than light today if we want to visit the closest neighbor and fasten story is 4 lie deers away with a thing all of you that we have now. it will take us 40 southland years to was there another 40000 years to come back you can say i'll give you the numbers you can be improved by a factor of 10 ok then in that it's going to take only 4 south and years toward 12 percent even at a very very close. very close to the speed of light it will take at least 10 or 20 years to go and 10 or 20 years to come back and that is the closest star and even discovering planets that could be. in the future well how are you going to move 20000000000 people to a planet that is. if 15 ideas away is a dream yeah the human beings we are confined to the solar system forever i don't believe that we've ever gone on the ice there in the same way the day i'm absolutely believe or that we have to go to mars. i don't believe that we could ever go to to visit. or little nice it planet of another star i bet in a 100 years 'd of the many people that don't agree with you. if the

einstein said that nothing can travel faster than light today if we want to visit the closest neighbor and fasten story is for ly do years away with a thing all of you that we have now. it will take us 40 years to was there another 40000 years to come back you can say i'll give numbers you can be improved by a factor of 10 ok then in that it's going to take only 4 south and years toward 12 percent even at a very very close. very close to the speed of light it will take at least 10 or 20 years to low and 10 or 20 years to come back and that is the closest star and even discovery in planets that could be. in the future well how are you going to move 20000000000 people to a planet that is. if 15 ideas that way is a dream yeah the human beings we are confined to the solar system forever i don't believe that we ever call on the ice there in the same way the day i'm absolutely believe or that we have to go to mars. i don't believe that we could ever go to to visit. nice if planet of another star i bet in the 100 years of the many people that don't agree with you. they prove me wrong i'd be h

don't see how many in the us hype that if one doesn't mention only option ah my crystal toes and einstein then and silence and on top of was the one i think of item i can see on top of her. as a composer brahms was very successful and was able to live from his music he's considered the rightful heir to beethoven unlike his mighty preacher sansa he did not find the symphonic form easy to most to work on his 1st symphony consumed him for 14 years. from space and very difficult deliberately to see the person behind it doesn't really want you to see the 1st few months. to come to believe that this is an absolute music to the us should just work as music but if you listen to something like the heart of. don't tell me that he wasn't enough don't don't tell me that that he never told her it's music that you listen to and you know that there is something in his heart that is abundant something that maybe didn't go the way he wanted to. and if you hear it and if he's able to put in the resume it must be about him. there is a little hidden codes which is up to us to to figure out took to mean. ther

scientists imparts helps develop an important instrument for the satellite it was tested here at the einstein tower an observatory where solar research has been conducted for over 90 years. now they're testing complex high tech components for a special purpose telescope. it will be placed on board the solar orbiter for the mission to the sun protected from the intense radiation by a heat shield the telescope will focus on the hottest part spits out mystere the regions where solar storms can develop. every day the scientists here observe the titanic solar forces at work does that change their view of the world. humble you realize how unimportant we really are compared to the entire universe we humans often think we're so important but we're just a tiny speck in the universe subject to the laws of nature. before. the new start a light is going to launch in 2020 scientists say the data it sends back will give us a whole new insights into the way our sun works. the sun is around 150000000 kilometers from earth sometimes it's a little closer than that at other times a little further away depending

geographic anthology series dramatizes the professional and personal stories of such innovators as albert einstein and pablo picasso as the queen of soul aretha will perform any of franklin songs. 20 years ago metallica and the san francisco symphony combined for concerts and an album. >>now the orchestra and the rockers have reunited for s and m 2 recorded live in september. if you didn't make the show you can still experience the unique music meld as a worldwide one night only theatrical event wednesday october night location and ticket info on the web that metallica dot film and hollywood. david daniel. >>before go we want to take a live look outside checking in on the bay bridge a little bit of traffic so it's filling and quickly. this friday morning heading into san francisco, a peek at some temperatures around the bay area. oakland you're waking up at 52 degrees 56 in san francisco 52 in fremont 49 in san jose and one of the cooler spots on the map. now 44 degrees grab your jacket before you head out. we'll take a look at your afternoon high what's in store for the weekend coming up. >>welco

y tiene ocho aÑo quiere ver ser astronauta y su consciente es mÁs alto que el de einstein. >>> cuÉntanosa edad ya estÁ estudiando dos carreras universitarias no es asÍ, quÉ estÁs estudiando? >>> ingenierÍa en matemÁticas y tambiÉn ingenierÍa en sistemas. >>> quÉ quieres ser cuando seas grande? >>> astronauta y cientÍfica. >>> ¿por quÉ?. >>> para salvar la tierra, porque un agujero negro puede acabar con nuestro planeta. >>> pero cÓmo lo vas a hacer? >>> y conseguir naves. >>> y pero tambiÉn gue te gustan las muÑecas sigues jugando con muÑecas. >>> aquÍ estÁ tu muÑeca astronauta. >>> quiÉn te la regalÓ? >>> mis abuelos, y mi tÍo, y mi tÍa luna. >>> gracias. >>> y estamos con la mamÁ de la niÑa la seÑora para quiÉn ha sido un reto sacar adelante a la niÑa? >>> asÍ es, porque son niÑos muy demandants y actualmente le ofrecieron matricularse en la universidad de arizona, y pues requerimos apoyo porque la educaciÓn en estados unidos es muy elevada y muy cara. >>> el sueÑo de es ella llegar a la nasa. >>> quiere ser astronauta y estar en la nasa. >>> gracias. >>> y felicidad allÍ estÁ un ejemp

behind the attack it's purely an allegation but what's this telling us about the point that mark einsteins making about state sponsored attacks is this a new kind of asymmetric warfare but in cyberspace do you think. it is because some states are realizing that in order to hit back it's other states using cyber or cyber warfare is the way to go so we have now you know recently this emerging phenomena about state backed cyber were for you know when you know not only russia i mean in some states like north korea for example there have been a lot of reports saying that the they brought a lot of money into their economy like billions of dollars has been brought into north korean economy just based on ransomware attacks and the bay ments that has been made for the so it is and it is unfortunate and when you look at it from an individual going to view the technology again as i like i said the problem is they acknowledge is is like 2 sides so we have the bitcoin phenomena and the last few years and the rise of the bitcoin price nearly $1010000.00 so bitcoin has been very very attractive is untrac

from reward so i make the analogy to the atomic weapons or the atomic power of the whole idea of einstein's discovery that energy equals mass and by understanding that you could create an atomic weapon that was based on a fusion exciter 0 so in the financial world. the black controlled model basically pried open risk and reward and you could.

any different from not what you can see i mean as i go as idea of an a lenin's brain was kept and einstein's brain was cut into slices this is a very simplistic show but by definition everybody's brain is different because we are all different we are all brains every time we think a thought that is a physical process in our brains so an awful lot of current mirrors take the. cognitive neuroscience which is what psychologists call themselves is really does saying well yes when we think certain thoughts certain parts of the brain a more active than that individual explain anything because you know already but everything we think and feel is a physical process in our brains so you're a man of science i don't suppose you believe in anything like the afterlife or it so what it will put it this way i think it's unlikely that you can't prove it or disprove it but it seems. unlikely to me and and why is the nearest seems unlikely because i see. and have seen many many people who suffered damage to the front part of the brain which is where all social behavior and moral behavior seems to be organized

go back to einstein and confronting the problem of how to save the earth, how would he compose his thinkingand allegedly he said if he was given one hour to save the world he said i would spend 55 minutes defining the problem and save the world in five minutes. the marines got to define the problem chapter in the campaign design chapter but for all of you as you go into these issues whether incorporation or school districts in your local community, whether your at, take the time to define the problem as satisfaction. don't go charging into a war and then pull the statue down and say now what do we do. that is not a good idea. so we put the book out, we think we learned a lot while we were there, david and i and we put it out and changed the training, the doctrine, the weapons, the uniforms and mostly the cultural aspect of the services going in and once we got enough people on the ground we turned it around. >> one of my favorite sections of your book is told we need to be helping the invasion of iraq and you read other books about that in my favorite passage of the book is if you have not

from reward so i make the analogy to the atomic weapons or the atomic power or the whole idea of einstein's discovery that energy equals mass and by understanding that you could create an atomic weapon that was based on a fusion exciter oh so in the financial world. the black controls model basically pried open risk and reward and you could trade risk separately so in the options market which followed only 10 years after the us you can trade an option that no intrinsic value at all just to. has implied value based on. time to time value plus. the volatility or beta so if you have been on a stock and the option is the buy the stock in 6 months in the future and that underlying stock goes up and down a lot then you have an implied value for that option right.

variety of subjects from science to literature and economics to peace notable winners include albert einstein martin luther king jr mother theresa nelson mandela and yasser arafat but over the years some have criticized the nobel committee and its choices laureates will be announced this week in sweden and in norway in an unprecedented move to prizes for literature will be awarded last year's award was cancelled after allegations of sexual misconduct against the husband of a swedish academy member secret juries select the recipients and the names of the nominees are kept secret for 50 years. there have been some controversies over the past 100 years of the nobel prize u.s. president barack obama was given the peace prize in 2009 just 9 months after he went into the white house mr obama defended the wars in iraq and afghanistan in his acceptance speech out of the $688.00 laureates in the science categories only $21.00 had been women last year donna strickland became the 1st woman to win the nobel prize for physics in more than 50 years and only 17 africans have ever been recognized most of the

from reward so i make the analogy to the atomic weapons or the atomic power of the whole idea of einstein's discovery that energy equals mass and by understanding that you could create an atomic weapon that was based on a fusion exciter oh so in the financial world. the black controlled model basically pried open risk and reward and you could trade risk separately so in the options market which followed only 10 years after the us you can trade an option that has no intrinsic value at all just has implied value based on.

denied hacking was put aside it disputed the allegations and has vowed to vigorously fight them mark einstein is chief analyst for digital services of japan he says there's more evidence needed to conclude whether the allegations against are actually true . i don't have any specific information about the n.s.o. group whether or not they've been involved in this directly or not but this company is a company that sells spyware to governments and in latin america in the middle east and in other places so while i think it's possible i still think we're going to need to see a little bit more of the evidence that's behind these allegations in this lawsuit i would also point out that this lawsuit was filed in san francisco and what kind of jurisdiction they may or may not have over an israeli company over something that happened in the 3rd country is also somewhat dubious i would say every time you look at what's happened you send a message you see a message on your screen saying that yes don't worry this is end to end encrypted but now the company's coming out and saying well but actually we were h

i mean, albert einstein said, "as and sciences are branches from the same tree," and the french painter georges braque said, "art is meant to disturb. science reassures," so there's obviously been this debate for some time. how do you see the role of art and science? artistic practice, i actually use a lot of primarily social scientists. i have great collaborations, and i enjoy, and i learn a lot from science. at the end of the day, you could sort of break it up and say, science is more about how, and art often ore about why-- "why are doing all this?" and science is more like, "well, let's break it down. how are we actuay doing all of this? but still, both of them are models of the world to some extent, models that has impact on the world, also, and they are about reflection and understanding the world, coso they have things ion, but we should not sort of make them overlap completely. it would functionalize both in the wrong direction. but you yourself, i mean, you're very much an actist not only an art activist and, you know, part of the soc wl practice movement, ve discussed. you act

albert einstein, isaac newton, galileo, copernicus, mental, you go through the roll call of great scientist the refugee camp every single one has been a religious believer. there is no war. it's ridiculous. the only time they were comes up is when you have people step outside of the boundaries. when you have religious people trying to make scientific statement from trying to trim the book of genesis in topology book. that's what you run into problems or when you scientists making religious claims. so science is the realm of the empirical, empirical and repeatable. what you can find in a laboratory. religion is realm of the ultimate. science is not capable of saying anything about ultimate matters. religion on the other hand, is not generally concerned with these more proximate matters. max planck is an example of a practicing christian who belies this idea that the war between science and religion. there's these books written by atheist who say along came science and displaced religion in 18th century within lightman. this is just posture. they just don't know their history. they say look a

from reward so i make the analogy to the atomic weapons or the atomic power of the whole idea of einstein's discovery that energy equals mass and by understanding that you could create an atomic weapon that was based on a fusion exciter 0 so in the financial world. the black controlled model basically pried open.

she is now the director of the einstein forum outside of berlin. she's been in the u.s. on her book tour for about five weeks. i know she's looking forward to getting back home after a long book tour. please join me in welcoming susan neiman to nashville. thank you so much for coming. [applause] >> thank you. i am delighted to be here. and i want to start by saying a little bit about my own biography. the stuff that doesn't come in on the internet necessarily. because there's a sense i've been writing this book most of my life. i was born in atlanta in 1955 but my parent were yankee jews who moved to atlanta before i was born. you can imagine, we weren't really considered southerners be to make it worse or better, my mother got involved in the campaign to desegregate the public schools in atlanta. so i spent a lot of my childhood dreaming of leaving atlanta for europe. which i knew about from the metal line books. - - matta --madeline books. [laughter] but looking back, your life starts to have a shape when you get to be a certain age. i'm glad i grew up in the south at

we call it einstein. to connect the dots, one of the things that we just showed is we have einstein and it's running on a drone and it's over the ocean right now in santa barbara and it's able to classify -- i just put this on my twitter feed that it saw a great white shark heading towards a school of kids in a surf camp in santa barbara. it was able to call the park and say hey, get the kids out of the water and you can see the shark and you can see the a.i. saying oh, there's a shark there. now, just five years ago, that was not possible. okay. but today and you know this already because of the special you just did on a.i., it is possible and we can do a lot of things and that's an example of improving the world through a.i. because you know, technology is never good or bad. it's what you do with the technology that makes a difference. we have to keep that mind as we start to think about values and our businesses. maria: you make a really good point. we are right now in this discussion about how technol

turned out the book very quickly and the most important thing was something called design, go back to einsteinwhen confronting how to save the earth, how would he compose his thinking and he said i would spend 55 minutes defining the problem and save the world in five minutes. so the murphree hunter marines got to define the problem, the champagne design chapter, as you go into these issues whether incorporations or school districts in your local communities, wherever you are at, take the time to define the problem for level of satisfaction. do not go charging into a war and then pull a statue down in the capital and say what we do now. that's not a good idea. we put the book out and we think we learned a lot while we were there, and we put it out and change the training, doctrine, weapons, uniforms and mostly the cultural aspects of the services going in and once we got enough people we were able to turn it around. >> one of my favorite sections was when you were told you're going to invade iraq. in my favorite passage of the book is when you say if you haven't read hundreds of books are func

exam i can answer what was her special talent that she got this special treatment that she got that einstein very very. good you asylum policy immigration policy when you see donald trump's justice department go to court to prevent migrant kids in detention center from getting soap and toothbrushes is that something you would have defended in court on behalf of the d.o.j. that wasn't the substance of that particular law so i don't know what i was and i said yes you know you asked a different question which is trying to isolate that particular fact that's in your favor rather than looking at it i can assure you doing things to her she's going to do the favor it's basic human rights and that the basic right thank you for that right right. across the border by human trafficking and that is what the donald trump administration is making sure been waiting very patiently receive accusation of like cherrypicking and fax election my grandmother had a phrase when you have a turd in the punchbowl you don't have punch anymore you got water with that term so you can't say that if something they miss is